US1561312A - Apparatus for forming or shaping articles from sheet material - Google Patents
Apparatus for forming or shaping articles from sheet material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1561312A US1561312A US10524A US1052425A US1561312A US 1561312 A US1561312 A US 1561312A US 10524 A US10524 A US 10524A US 1052425 A US1052425 A US 1052425A US 1561312 A US1561312 A US 1561312A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- die
- sheet material
- pressure
- block
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 18
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/10—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads
- B21D22/12—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads using enclosed flexible chambers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
- B21D26/031—Mould construction
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method and apparatusof forming or shaping articles made from sheet material such as metal,
- the fluid-pressure (which ex ression is in tended to include pressure y gases or vapours as well as pressure by liqu ds such as 0 water, oil, mercury, tar, sp1r1ts,,l1qu1d compositions or 'liquidcement) is applied directly'through a chambered or other block to one side of the work sheet without the interposition or employment of a flexible bag or sheet, and a grummet or packing piece is employed at the joint or meeting edges of the die and block, which may be for example.
- liqu ds such as 0 water, oil, mercury, tar, sp1r1ts,,l1qu1d compositions or 'liquidcement
- a closed ring of rubber tubing or in some cases may be leather or-other flexible material of U section with the opening facing inwardly, and the block may be grooved or recessed to accommodate this the block be close to the underside of the work sheet the pressure when first admitted .will immediately lift up the part of the work sheet opposite the pressure admission opening, so that the pressure will then be evenly distributed over the underside of the work sheet.
- the form-ing die and block are arranged :to be movable in relation to each other so that the sheet to be operated upon may be inserted and the finished article'removed.
- Means of any known or suitable type can be provided for moving one of the parts and for holding the parts in operative position and in proper relation and register. when the work sheet has been inserted.
- Such means must obviously be capable of resisting the fluid pressure.
- the opposing holding surfaces between the die and block which inay be termed ironingsurfaces, or one of these surfaces, should usually be supported in a manner which will permit of some resiliency between them, so-that although the work sheet. is held between them with sufficient tightness, the edges of the 'work sheet can creep or slip inwardly when the pressure is applied, instead of being drawn thinner so that the thickness of the article made becomes uneven.
- Figure 1 represents in section a block and die with a sheet of material ready to be pressed.
- Figure 2 represents in section the same parts with the material pressed to the shape of the die.
- A indicates the block, which is formed with a pressure chamber B, around which chamber is a groove C.
- An opening D in the block communicates with a suitable pipe (not shown) connected with a source of fluid
- a suitable pipe (not shown) connected with a source of fluid
- Such pipe may be branched and have on one branch a valve controlling the admission of the fluid under pressure, and on the other branch a valve which on being opened allows the said fluid to escape or be Withdrawn.
- E indicates the die, which is provided with an air relief duct F, and G indicates the sheet material under operation.
- A. ring H of flexible material such as a closed rubber tube is fitted in the groove C.
- the sheet material is exposed to pressure from its underside, the extent .of which pressure and the time during which it is applied will of course vary according tocircumstances, such as the strength or thickness'and the physical characteristics of the material under treatment.
- the packing ring will alter in shape during the pressing operation more or less in the manner represented in Figure 2.
- the shaping operation obviously causes compression of the material treated where a die is used, and may either cause compression or expansion of certain parts of the material where the die is replaced by an open-topped frame.
- the relative positions of the die and block are immaterial; the ironing surfaces of the die may for instance be vertical, that is, the die may be alongside the block instead of above it.
- the invention is applicable to the manufacture of a great variety of articles, for example, saucepan lids, felt hats, fibre trunks, motor-car bodies andmud-guards, embossed leather articles, ceiling ornaments, embossed advertisements, name plates for street-corners, number-plates for motor vehicles.
- the die may be made of several pieces, interchangeable and relatively adjustable in order to facilitate the arrangement of the printing characters.
- the die' may be concave, convex, or corrugated, and may be adapted to incorporate in the work sheet reinforcing or ornamental substances, as in the manufacture of reinforced cement blocks in the manufacture of felt hats with silk facings, or to strengthen dentures with metal stiffeners.
- An apparatus for shaping articles from sheet material comprising a die member, a block having a pressure chamber, said die member and block adapted to yieldingly secure the sheet material between them, means for admitting fluid pressure to said chamber to act directly on one side of the sheet material, said block having a groove at the edge adjacent the ressure chamber, and a closed flexible tubu ar gasket fitting in said groove and adapted to be subjected to the action of a fluid pressure and to have its contour altered by said pressure to maintain a sealing action against the sheet material and prevent leakage of the fluid pressure.
Description
Nov. 10, 19 5. 1,561,312
I A. E. CUTLER ET AL APPARATUS FOR FORMING 0R SHAPING ARTICLES FROM SHEET MATERIAL Filed Feb. 20. 1925 Q/NHMLMJ wf wcfaiw WQQLNW M IOMIWM Patented Nov. 10,1925.
UNITED STATES 15 1312 PATENT oF'F-icE;
ARTHUR EDWARD CUTLER AIjTD PHILIP ALLAN MARSDEN, F NEWCASTLE,
' AUSTRALIA. i
APPARATUS FOR FORMING OR SHAPING ARTICLES FROM SHEET MATERIAL.
Application flled February '20, 1925. Serial m. 10,524.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that we, ARTHUR EDWARD CUTLER and PHILIP ALLAN MARSDEN, both British subjects, and both residing at Walsh Island, Newcastle, in the State of New South 'Wales, Commonwealthof Australia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements Relating to the Apparatusfor Forming or Shaping Articles from Sheet Material, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to a method and apparatusof forming or shaping articles made from sheet material such as metal,
leather, plastic or fibrous materials, or othel substance capable ofbeing so formed, by fluid pressure which forces the sheet; into or onto a die or the like which may have a recess or cavity of the shape to be imparted to the sheet, or may be a partial or com posite die or a frame or open topped struc ture comprising an upper ring or other sh ped support toggrip the work sheet in a glelding manner, in which frame the pres sure will act radially and symmetrically outwards.
In this method of forming orshaping articles as hitherto practised a flexible container or bag has been employed and the fluid pressure admitted thereinto; or alternatively a flexiblesheet was interposed be- .tween the fluid pressure and the sheet to be shaped, The containeror bag and the flexible sheet were both liable to sustain 35 damage and perhaps fail at a critical stage; also the said bag or sheet could not be forcedinto sharp corners, and were costly and difficult to operate, the practicable pres- .sure and therefore the range of manufacture being limited by the strength of the bag or sheet; Furthermore, deep articles such as stew-pans and'washing boilers could not be 'formed by a single pressing operation in this way, several successive pressing operations being necessary.
According to the resent invention the fluid-pressure, (which ex ression is in tended to include pressure y gases or vapours as well as pressure by liqu ds such as 0 water, oil, mercury, tar, sp1r1ts,,l1qu1d compositions or 'liquidcement) is applied directly'through a chambered or other block to one side of the work sheet without the interposition or employment of a flexible bag or sheet, and a grummet or packing piece is employed at the joint or meeting edges of the die and block, which may be for example. a closed ring of rubber tubing, or in some cases may be leather or-other flexible material of U section with the opening facing inwardly, and the block may be grooved or recessed to accommodate this the block be close to the underside of the work sheet the pressure when first admitted .will immediately lift up the part of the work sheet opposite the pressure admission opening, so that the pressure will then be evenly distributed over the underside of the work sheet.
The form-ing die and block are arranged :to be movable in relation to each other so that the sheet to be operated upon may be inserted and the finished article'removed.
Means of any known or suitable typecan be provided for moving one of the parts and for holding the parts in operative position and in proper relation and register. when the work sheet has been inserted. Such means must obviously be capable of resisting the fluid pressure. The opposing holding surfaces between the die and block, which inay be termed ironingsurfaces, or one of these surfaces, should usually be supported in a manner which will permit of some resiliency between them, so-that although the work sheet. is held between them with sufficient tightness, the edges of the 'work sheet can creep or slip inwardly when the pressure is applied, instead of being drawn thinner so that the thickness of the article made becomes uneven.
In order that the said invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect, the same will now be described more 'fully with reference to the accompanying diagrams, which illustrate an embodiment of the-inventionas one example of the many ways in which it can be put in practice, and
in which pressure.
Figure 1 represents in section a block and die with a sheet of material ready to be pressed.
Figure 2 represents in section the same parts with the material pressed to the shape of the die.
A indicates the block, which is formed with a pressure chamber B, around which chamber is a groove C. An opening D in the block communicates with a suitable pipe (not shown) connected with a source of fluid Such pipe may be branched and have on one branch a valve controlling the admission of the fluid under pressure, and on the other branch a valve which on being opened allows the said fluid to escape or be Withdrawn. E indicates the die, which is provided with an air relief duct F, and G indicates the sheet material under operation. A. ring H of flexible material such as a closed rubber tube is fitted in the groove C. The sheet material is exposed to pressure from its underside, the extent .of which pressure and the time during which it is applied will of course vary according tocircumstances, such as the strength or thickness'and the physical characteristics of the material under treatment. The packing ring will alter in shape during the pressing operation more or less in the manner represented in Figure 2. The shaping operation obviously causes compression of the material treated where a die is used, and may either cause compression or expansion of certain parts of the material where the die is replaced by an open-topped frame.
Although we have illustrated the die as being placed abov the block, as this position will usually be the most convenient one, the relative positions of the die and block are immaterial; the ironing surfaces of the die may for instance be vertical, that is, the die may be alongside the block instead of above it.
The invention is applicable to the manufacture of a great variety of articles, for example, saucepan lids, felt hats, fibre trunks, motor-car bodies andmud-guards, embossed leather articles, ceiling ornaments, embossed advertisements, name plates for street-corners, number-plates for motor vehicles. In the latter class of applications the die may be made of several pieces, interchangeable and relatively adjustable in order to facilitate the arrangement of the printing characters. The die' may be concave, convex, or corrugated, and may be adapted to incorporate in the work sheet reinforcing or ornamental substances, as in the manufacture of reinforced cement blocks in the manufacture of felt hats with silk facings, or to strengthen dentures with metal stiffeners.
What We claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is An apparatus for shaping articles from sheet material comprising a die member, a block having a pressure chamber, said die member and block adapted to yieldingly secure the sheet material between them, means for admitting fluid pressure to said chamber to act directly on one side of the sheet material, said block having a groove at the edge adjacent the ressure chamber, and a closed flexible tubu ar gasket fitting in said groove and adapted to be subjected to the action of a fluid pressure and to have its contour altered by said pressure to maintain a sealing action against the sheet material and prevent leakage of the fluid pressure.
ARTHUR EDWARD CUTLER. PHILIP ALLAN MARSDEN.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10524A US1561312A (en) | 1925-02-20 | 1925-02-20 | Apparatus for forming or shaping articles from sheet material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10524A US1561312A (en) | 1925-02-20 | 1925-02-20 | Apparatus for forming or shaping articles from sheet material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1561312A true US1561312A (en) | 1925-11-10 |
Family
ID=21746150
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10524A Expired - Lifetime US1561312A (en) | 1925-02-20 | 1925-02-20 | Apparatus for forming or shaping articles from sheet material |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1561312A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2761206A (en) * | 1950-12-13 | 1956-09-04 | Melville F Peters | Method of and means for forming bellows |
US2912951A (en) * | 1950-12-13 | 1959-11-17 | Melville F Peters | Method of and means for forming bellows |
US2966730A (en) * | 1958-01-29 | 1961-01-03 | Reynolds Metals Co | Method of and apparatus for expanding passageway panels on one side |
US2993263A (en) * | 1958-01-20 | 1961-07-25 | Reynolds Metals Co | Method of expanding pressure welded passageway panels |
US3003228A (en) * | 1955-05-26 | 1961-10-10 | Reynolds Metals Co | Method and apparatus for expansion of unbonded areas in composite plates |
US3392561A (en) * | 1965-11-22 | 1968-07-16 | Navy Usa | Forming metal components by hydraulic shock |
US4459836A (en) * | 1982-01-21 | 1984-07-17 | Thomas William K | Hydraulic forming process and apparatus |
-
1925
- 1925-02-20 US US10524A patent/US1561312A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2761206A (en) * | 1950-12-13 | 1956-09-04 | Melville F Peters | Method of and means for forming bellows |
US2912951A (en) * | 1950-12-13 | 1959-11-17 | Melville F Peters | Method of and means for forming bellows |
US3003228A (en) * | 1955-05-26 | 1961-10-10 | Reynolds Metals Co | Method and apparatus for expansion of unbonded areas in composite plates |
US2993263A (en) * | 1958-01-20 | 1961-07-25 | Reynolds Metals Co | Method of expanding pressure welded passageway panels |
US2966730A (en) * | 1958-01-29 | 1961-01-03 | Reynolds Metals Co | Method of and apparatus for expanding passageway panels on one side |
US3392561A (en) * | 1965-11-22 | 1968-07-16 | Navy Usa | Forming metal components by hydraulic shock |
US4459836A (en) * | 1982-01-21 | 1984-07-17 | Thomas William K | Hydraulic forming process and apparatus |
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