US1561232A - Elevator-control system - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 10 1925' R. P. HIGBEE ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM Filed April 11, 1922 A WITNESSES:

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ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 10, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATE'N err-"1c RAY P. HIGBEE, OF WILKINSBUBG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CDRIORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

nnava'roa-oonrnor. SYSTEM.

Application filed. April 11, 1922. Serial No. 551,483.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, RAY P. HIGBEE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of lVilkinslmrg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Elevator- Control Systems, of which the following is a. specification. My invention relates to motor-control systems and it has particular relation to such systems of control as are employed in connection with elevators, hoists and similar machines.

One object of my invention is to provide means for controlling an elevator car or other device independently of the skill of the car operator, under predetermined conditions.

Another object of my invention is to eliminate devices located at the various floors to be mechanically operated by the car for certain control purposes.

A further object of my invention is to provide electromagnetic or similar means mounted on the car for controlling the car stops within predetermined limits of travel.

Other objects of my invention will be apparent from the following specification and appended claims.

it is common practice, in systems of elevator control, to provide switches in the hatchway that are operated by means of a cam attached to the car. Devices of this character have been employed to perform 'various functions, but are open to the objection that mechanical contact is necessary between the car and the stationary contact members.

it propose to eliminate mechanical-connections between devices mounted on the car and other devices, of the above-indicated character, located external to the car. As an illustration of my invention, it provide an electromaguet, mounted on the car and arranged to energize an armature that may be located at any desired point of car travel in the hatchway. The armature is capable of movement and is arranged to operate electrical contact members without drawing the armature into contact with the electromagnet. A similar armature is preferably located adjacent to each landing.

in the arrangement that I propose for controlling an elevator motor, the ma et armature operates as a reversing switc to perform the same functions as those normally required of the operators car switch. Vhen the operator attempts to stop at any floor or landing, the electromagnet becomes energized and actuates the magnet armature of the reversing switch to control the elevator moto'r independently of the operator and effect an accurate stop.

My invention will be described in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which the single figure is a diagrammatic view of circuits and apparatus embodying my invention.

A motor having an armaturel and a field magnet winding 2 ma be operatively connected,"through reversing switches 3 and 4, to line. conductors 5 and 6. An accelerating resistor 7 and a switch 8 are provided for controlling the motor. Abrake 9 of any suitable and well-known form may be em:v ployed for mechanically controllin the rotation of the armature 1 and shou d be arranged to release the armature 1 upon closure of either of the reversing switches 3 and 4, in accordance with a familiar practice. The armature 1 may be operatively connected, in any desired manner, to a car 10,011 which is located an operators controlling switch or car-switch 11.; An electromagnet- 12 is mounted on the car. An armature or auxiliary reversingswitch 13 of magnetic material, which is located adjacent to each landing, is pivotally mounted and main tained in its normal position by means of a spring 14. The armature 13 is influenced by the electromagnet 12, when the carswitch 11 occupies its inoperative or oil position, to selectively engage contact members 15 and 16 for operating reversing switch 3 or reversing switch 4..

It may be assumed that the elevator car 10 is at rest and that the various switches and controlling devices occupy their inoperative or illustrated positions. When the car switch 11 is actuated for upward movement of the car 10, a circuit is established for the operating coil of switch 3 that extends from line conductor 6 through the operating coil of switch 3, conductor 17, contact member 18, car switch contact segment 19, contact member 21, and conductors 22 and 23 to line conductor 5.

Switch 3 thereupon closes to complete a. circuit for the motor armature 1 that entends from line conductor 6 through switch rat 3, conductor 24, armature 1, resistor'T, and switch 3 to line conductor 5. The armature 1 accelerates, and starting resistor 7 is then excluded from the armature circuit by means of switch 8, the operating coil of which is connected across the terminals of the armature 1. This method of controlling a motor is well understood and need not he further described. Moreover, any other suitable method may be employed.

When the car switch 11 isreturned to its off position, upon ap roaching a landing, contactsegment 19 is disengaged from con tact member 18 to interrupt the circuit previously traced through the operating coil of the switch 3. A. circuit for the operating coils of the electromagnet 12 is established from the line conductor 6 through conductor 25, operating coils of electromagnet 12, conductor 26, contact members 27 and 21, and conductors 22 and 23 to line conductor f Assuming that the car 10 tends to stop below the level of the landing, the electromagnet 12 will energize and unbalance the armature 13, causing the latter to engage contact member 15. The electromagnet 12 is so located that a permanent air gap is maintained when armature 13 is in engagement with contact member .5. There is, therefore, no mechanical connection between the electromagnet and its armature. lit will he noted that contact members 113 and 15 are electrically connected to contact memhers 21 and 18, respectively, for maintaining circuit for the operating coil of switch 3 when the car switc l1 is in its iofi position.

.When the car ill attains the level of the desired landing, the armature 18 at that landing is restored to its normal or illustrated position, since the electromagnet l2 then exerts a magnetic pull upon each end of the armature 13. The letter Peeing pivotally moimteol, its normal position, hecause of the hclan efi'ccts oi the magnet its separation of of contact member l5 interrupts the circuit previously throug'i theoperit will he if the car 10 tends L o q u a to stop shove the H d landing, the electromagnet l2 will in 'he armature 13 oeeo tcl l corne mo energizc. cult or the switch 1S v uctor 6 through the ope-r doctor 28, contac conductors 2i! i is conductor Switch. at cl see to the operation the car l0 re d direction until the ahtially level the mousse usual manner when it is desired to effect the closure of switch 4 and the operation of the car 10 to any of the lower landings. It should be noted that, in its running positions, the car switch interruptsthe operating circuit through the coils of magnet 12, since contact members 19' and 27 are disengaged. i

It will be understood that, while 'i have illustrated only a single armature and reversing contact members associated therewith, a similar armature, and contact members, connected in parallel relation to the illustrated contact members, should be located at any floor where it is desired to obtain automatic control of the elevator car.

l have thus shown a system that provides means for controlling the operation of a carer similar device within predetermined limits of travel, with respect to any landing, independcntlyof the skill of the car operator. l have eliminated mechanical contact, between the car and the operating switches, which in the past has been a source of considerable trouble, principally on account of the fact that the switches are easily deranged. My invention further eliminates objectionable noise caused by the engagement of mechanically operated members.

ll claim as my invention:

1. The combination with a car and a motor therefor, of a pair of magnetic members, one movable in accordance with movements of the car and the other adjacent to the path of said movable member, and a coil for encrgizing said members to control the motor.

2. The combination with a car and a motor therefor, of means carried by the car and also adjacent thereto and co-opcrating magnetically for controlling the direction of rotation of the motor.

3. "The comhination with car and a motor therefor, of electromagnetic reversing means for the motor, a portion only of the magnetic circuit of said means being mounted on the car.

The combination with a car and a mo- .tor therefor, of a reversing switch for the motor and an electromagnet having part of its magnetic circuit on the car and part adjacent thereto for actuating the reversing 'lGO armature for the magnet adjacent to said car for actuating the reversing switch, and a switch for controlling said electromagnet.

7 The combination with a car and a mo tor therefor, of a reversing switch for the. motor, an electromagnet on the car and an armature for the magnet adjacent to said car for actuating the reversing switch, and a switch on the car for controlling said electromagnet.

8. The combination with a car and a motor therefor, of a car switch for controlling the motor, a reversing switch external to the car, and an electromagnet on the car controlled by the car switch, saidswitches and electromagnet being mechanically independent. 9. The combination with an elevator car and a. hoisting motor therefor, of a car switch on the car, an electromagnet on said car energized when the car switch is in its 011' position, and a switch in the hatchway controlled by said electromagnet.

10. Thecombination with an elevator car and a hoisting motor therefor, of a car switch on the car, an electromagnet on said car energized when the car switch is in its off position, and a switch in the hatchway controlled by said electromagnet for controlling the motor.

11. The combination with an elevator car and a hoisting motor therefor, of a car switch on the car, an electromagnet on said car energized when the car switch is in its otP position, and a switch in the hatchwa controlled by said electromagnet for contro' ling the direction of rotation of the motor.

12. The combination with an elevator car and a hoisting motor therefor, of a car switch on the car, an electromagnet on said car energized when the car switch is in its off position and areversing -switch in the hatchway controlled by said electromagnet for controlling the motor in accordance with the position of said car.

13. The combination with an elevator car and a hoisting motor therefor, of a car switch on the car, an electromagnet on said car energized when the car switch is in its off position, and a reversing-switch in the hatchway controlled by said electromagnet for controlling the car independently of the skill of the caroperator.

14. The combination with an elevator car and a hoisting motor therefor, of a car switch on the car, an electromagnet onsaid car energized \vhenthe car switch is in its ofi'position and a reversing-switch in the hatchway, at each floor, controlled by said electromagnet for controlling the car to effect accurate landings whether the car overtravels or undertravels with respect to any landing.

15. The combination with an elevator car and a hoisting motor therefor, of a car switch on the car, an electroresponsive mas- 1391' switch controlled magnetically by said car and an electromagnetic reversing-switch controlled by either of said switches for nation, a cage,-a motor for driving said cage, and a levelling device for controlling the operation of said motor, said levelling device comprising an electromagnet, a supporting frame for said electromagnet, a switch, and means under the influence of said electromagnet for operating said switch,

-18. An electric elevator having, in combination, a cage, a motor for driving said cage, and electromagnetic means for instituting a levelling operation of the motor just before stopping said cage at a landing. 19. An electric elevator having, in combination, a cage, a motor for driving said cage, a switch device for controlling the operation of said motor, an electromagnetic means for producing an automatic levelling operation of said motor, said switch device acting to place said means into operative connection with said motor.

20. An electric elevator having, in combi-- nation, a cage, a motor for driving said cage, and electronutgnetic means for causing an automatic levelling of said cage when a landing is to be effected. I

21. An electric elevator having, in combination, a hatchway, a cage within said hatchway, stationary means mounted in said hatchway, and means supported by said cage for movement therewith, both mentioned means co-operating electroma neti- 'cally to efl'ect a levelling operation oi said motor.

22. In an electric elevator, in combination with a hatchway, a cage, and levelling means for-governing the travel of said cage in saidhatchway, said levelling'means comprising a part secured to said hatchway and a part secured to said cage, said parts cooperating with each other without coming intomechanical engagement 23. An electric elevator comfprising, in combination, a cage,.a motor or driving said cage, means for automatically controlling the operation of'said motor, said means comprising a switch, a lever operating to actuate said switch, and magnetic means for effecting the movement of said lever without making mechanical connectiontherewith.

2%. An electric elevator having, in com bination with a hatchway, a cage moving therein and adriving motor for the cage, means for manuall controlling the motor, and automatic leveling means arran ed to operate said motor independently 0 said manual means, said levelling means comprising magnetically operated devices mounted partly'on said cage and partly on said hatchway.

25. A levelling device for elevators comprising, in combination, a series of spaced magnetic elements mounted along the hatchway, and means mounted on the elevator cage and arranged to coact with said elements and act by magnetism to control said levelling means.

26. An elevator having,in combination, a cage, a motor for driving said cage, means for controlling the operation of said motor,

a magnetizable member secured in the elevator hatchway, andelectro magnetic means 20 for co-operating with said member to effect a levelling operation of the motor 27. An elevator having, in combination; with a hatchway, a cage, means for driving said cage, a magnetizable member, and elec- 25 tromagnetic means for co-operating with said member to effect a levelling operation of said driving means, said,.ma gnetizable member and said electromagnetic means being supported by said cage and said so any r. I-IIGBEE. Y

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