US1560440A - Electric switch - Google Patents

Electric switch Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1560440A
US1560440A US511000A US51100021A US1560440A US 1560440 A US1560440 A US 1560440A US 511000 A US511000 A US 511000A US 51100021 A US51100021 A US 51100021A US 1560440 A US1560440 A US 1560440A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
switch
contacts
switch member
pivot
operating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US511000A
Inventor
John F Tritle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE340863D priority Critical patent/BE340863A/fr
Priority to BE306494D priority patent/BE306494A/xx
Priority to FR548116D priority patent/FR548116A/fr
Priority to US20770D priority patent/USRE20770E/en
Priority to DEA38542D priority patent/DE389768C/en
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US511000A priority patent/US1560440A/en
Priority to GB29515/22A priority patent/GB187993A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1560440A publication Critical patent/US1560440A/en
Priority to FR32952D priority patent/FR32952E/en
Priority to FR33276D priority patent/FR33276E/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/26—Electromagnetic mechanisms with windings acting in opposition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/66—Power reset mechanisms
    • H01H71/68—Power reset mechanisms actuated by electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/36—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism having electromagnetic release and no other automatic release
    • H01H73/38—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism having electromagnetic release and no other automatic release reset by lever
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/0253—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch two co-operating contacts actuated independently

Definitions

  • my invention is directed to improvements in electric switches "of the trip free type; that is, a type of switch which is arranged to automatically open upon the occurrence of an overload and which can notbe held closed by the operatin means during an overload in the contro led circuit.
  • switches have usually involved the use of triggers, latches and the like which normally establish an operative connection between the switch closing means and the switch contacts, and
  • the arrangement is usually such that the operative connection is broken upon the occurrence of an overload, whether the'overload is present when the switch is first closed oroccurs some time after. the switch is closed.
  • the operating means for the switch does not directly close the switch, butmerely initiates the closing movement and places the switch in a position to automatically close in accordance with a strain set up durin the initial movement toward the close positiona After 'the' initial movement toward, ,theJQ preferably that described inmy said former patent.
  • the arrangement is such that in case the switch should beclosed on an over-, load or even a short circuit, the switch-is free to open very quickly, since the connec-- 7 tion with the operatingmeans is already broken before the switch is permitted. to close.
  • the arrangement is preferably such that in case the holding electromagnet is deenergized, the operating means is ineflective to close the switch.
  • Another feature of my invention relates to i 35 an improved form ofquick acting circuit interrupting contacts in which one of the contacts is mounted on a switch member for movement about a pivot, the moment of inertia of the switch member being greatest on the end of the switch member 0 posite to the end carrying the contactso'tl iat the end carrying the contact will move'qmckly to open the circuit.
  • My invention also provides an improved arrangement whereby the shocks and strains set up in the switch inopening are reduced to a minimum.
  • FIG. 4 shows the relative positions of the parts 9 during the first part of. the closing movement; Fig. 3 shows the relative positions of'the parts of the switch when the initial closing movement .is completed;' Fig. 4
  • Fig. is a simplified diagram of connections in which the switch of the invention is shown diagrammatically.
  • the switch comprises a pair of relatively movable switch contacts and 11 for closing the circuit controlled by the switch.
  • the contact-1O is arranged so as to be movable into. engagement with the contact 11 which may be a stationary contact rigidly mounted on but insulated from the support 12.
  • the contact 10 is carried by the pivotally mounted switch member 13 which is biased to-t'he 0 en position shown in Fig. 1 by the effect 0 gravity and also by means of the spring 14.
  • switch member '13 is arranged to be held in the closed position by means of the electromagnet 15 which has a magnetic movable member or armature 16.
  • the armature 16 is carried by the member 17 which is pivotally connected to the support 12 at 18 and pivotlower end of the switch member 13, that is,
  • the operating member 20 may be'manually operated by means of a handle 23, or it may be electromagnetically operated by means of the electromagnet 24 having a plunger 2:) connected to the operating member
  • the drawing shows the preferred /form of my invention in which the means for holdig the switch in the closed position comprises the electromagnet 15 having a shunt coil 26.
  • the armature 16 of the electromagnet is adapted to bridge the poles 27 and 28 of the electromagnet and the conductor 29 includedin the circuit controlled by the switch or energized responsively to the current through the switch, is disposed in the air gap between the two poles 27 and 28 adjacent to the contacting surfaces of thearmature 16 and the poles 27 and 28.
  • the electromagnet will normally hold the armature16 in the attracted position as long as the conditions in the electric circuit controlled by the switch are normal, but in case an abnormal circuit condition should arise, such for instance, as an overload, the magnetic field set up by the conductor 29 will cause the flux set up by the electromagnet lg'i to be shunted away from the armature 16,
  • the electric switch of my invention is adapted to control an electric circuit supplied with energy through the conductor 31 by means ofthe generator 32.
  • the disconnecting switch 32 and the pilot switch 33 are first closed.
  • the normally open push button 34 is then closed, thereby energizing the relay 35 to close and thus energize the winding of the closing electromagnet 24.
  • the operating member- 20 is thereby caused to move the lower end of the switch member 13 counterclockwise about the pivotal support 19, the switch contact 10 in the meantime remaining in engagement with the stop 36 on the support 12.
  • the spring 14 is put under a slight strain.
  • the various parts of the switch will now be in the positions shown in Fig. 2.
  • a continuation of the movement of the operating member will move both the switch member 13 and the armature 16 about the pivotal support 18 until. the armature 16 is brought into engagement with the poles 27 and 28 of the holding electromagnet. Inasmuch as, the holding electromagnet is energized by reason of the fact that the pilot switch 33 is closed.
  • the magnetic movable member of the switch will be held in the attracted position.
  • the various parts of the switch are now in their respective positions shown in Fig. 3. It will be observed that the spring 14 has been put under additional strain. and because of the fact that the spring is connected to the switch member 13' on one side of the pivotal moon-1o original position, the spring 14 is released to closing entirely free of the operating member.
  • the spring 1 1 is connected to the switch member 13 at a position suchthat the desired pressure is applied to the contacts 10 and 11 and in addition gives an'ac celerating force for uickly moving the members 13 and 17 w en the switch is to be opened.
  • auxiliary switch 37 is opened when the armature 1-6 of the switch is moved to to the attracted position, thereby deenergizing the relay 35 and permitting this relay to open and deenergize the electromagnet 2 1 for the operating mechanism so that when the armature is moved to the attracted position the operating member 24 is automatically released.
  • the conductor 29 disposed in the air gapv between the poles 27 and 28 of the holding clectromagnet 15 will cause the holdingflux of the electromagnet to be shunted away from the armature 16 in case the current through the switch'is greater than the predetermined value.
  • the armature 16 is thereby released and the switch permitted to return to its normal open'position, that shown in Fig. 1. It will also be observed that the flexible conductor 30 will tend to straighten due to the current through the switch, thereby assisting the opening effect.
  • the weight- 39 on the lower end of the switch member is provided for insuring that the moment of inertia of the part of the member 13 below the point of connection with the spring 14. is greater than the .moment of inertia of the member 13 above the point of connection with the spring so that when the armature 16v is released to move about the pivot ,18, the upper part of the switchmember will move at a much greater rate of speed than the lower part. This causes the contacts 10 and 11m begin to open practically simultaneously with the beginning of movement of the armature 16 to the released position and also prevents the switch member from turning clockwise about the pivot 19. I
  • the partial loop in the flexible conductor 30 adds to the effect of the weight 39 in holding back the lower end of the switch member.
  • the weight 39 should be located as near as possible to the pivot point 18 so that a minimum force is required to rotate the member 17 and the switch member 13 about the pivot point 18. This feature is of particular advantage when the switch is closed on a short circuit, since the contacts are thereby permitted to interrupt the controlled circuit very quickly.
  • the inductiveshunt 38 around the conductor 29 is provided for causing the switch to open at one value of current when the rate of change of the current is abnormal and at a materially smaller value. of current when the rate of change of the current is very high, as, for instance, a short cir: cuit.
  • the switch will ordinarily be provided with a magnetic blow out, as shown, and a suitable arc chute, although these features are not of the essence of the invention. It will be seen that the operating member 20 for the switch does not directly close the switch, but merely initiates the closing movement and puts the switch member 13 under a strain to the closed position, which does not become effective until the operating member 20 is released. The switch is thus free to open very quickly, since the connection of the operating member'20 is already broken before the switch is permitted to close. It will also be observed that the result is effected without the use of triggers, latches and the like, and that the arrangement is therefore capable of opening at a comparatively high speed.
  • the stored up energy in themember 17 and the switch member 13 when the switch opens is considerable.
  • the arrangement is such that the in accelerating the weight 39 and the shock and strains in the moving members of. the switch when the switch opens are greatly reduced.
  • the operating member 20 isineffective to close the switch, since it is neces sary for the lever 17 to be magnetically held so that the switch member may turn about the pivot 19 to the closed position.
  • the switch contacts may be opened at will by simply moving the operating member 20 in the closing direction.
  • the switch closed as shown in Fig. 4 by moving the operating member 20 in'the closing direction, the contact 10 will assume the position shown in Fig. 3 and thus open the controlled circuit.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, means for holding the contacts in the closed position, operating means for closing the contacts, and conne tions whereby the operating means first puts the contacts understrain to the closed position while holding the contacts out of en gagement and then releases the contacts to close in accordance with the said strain to be held in the closed position by the said holding means free of the operating means.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, an electromagnet for holding the contacts in .the closed position, and means for closing the contacts arranged to first put the contacts under strain to the closed position while holding the contacts out of engagement and to then release the contacts to close in accordance with the said strain so as to be held in the closed position by the said electromagnet.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair 0 relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, an electromagnet for holding the contacts in the closed position. an operating member for closing the contacts, a spring connected to one of the contacts and :ontrolled by the said operating member, and connections whereby the operating member puts the said spring under strain to close the contacts and holds the contacts out of engagement and then permits the spring to close the contacts and -gives the control of the contacts to the said electromagnet.
  • An electric switch comprising an electromagnet having a magnetic movable member biased to the unattracted position and arranged when in the attracted position to hold the, switch in the closed position, and operating means for the switch for moving the said magnetic member to the attracted position and placing the switch under a strain to the closed position which becomes effective to close theswitch when the operating means is released;
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, operating means for closing the said contacts, an electromagnet for holding the said contacts in the closed position, the said electromagnet having a magnetic movable member connected to one of said contacts and biased to the unattracted position, andmeans whereby the said magnetic member is operated to the attracted position by the said operating means and the switch contacts are given a bias to the closed position which becomes effective to close the switch when the operating means is released.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, means for holding the contacts in the closed position, an operating member for the contacts, and connections through which the said operating member governs the contacts whereby moving the operating member in one direction effects partial movement of one of said contacts toward the closed position and the return of the operating member efi'ects the completion of the closing movement of the said contact through the cooperation. of said holding means.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position,. operatingmeans for closing the said contacts, an electroma-gnet for holding the said contacts in the closed position, the said electromagnet having a magnetic movable member connected to one of the said contacts and biased to an unattracted position, and means whereby the said magnetic member is operated to the attracted position by the said operating means and the said contacts are closed by the return of the operating means to its initial position.
  • An. electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, means for holding the contacts in the closed position, an operating member. and connections through which the operating member governs the contacts whereby moving the member in the closing direction places the contacts under a strain to the closed position which becomes eifecing tive when the member is returned and a by said holding means effects an opening of the contacts.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movableswitch contacts biased to "the open position, an electromagnet hava magnetic movable member biased to the unattracted position and connected to one of the said contacts for holding the same in the closed position, a spring connected to one of the said contacts, an operating member for closing the contacts, and means whereby the operating member moves the said. magnetic member to the attracted position and puts the said spring under a strain to close the contacts which does not become effective to close the contacts until the operating means is released.
  • An electric switch comprising a'pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, an electromagnet having a magnetic movable member biased to thennattracted position and connected to one of the said contacts for holding the same in the closed position, a spring connected to one of the said contacts, an operating member for closing the contacts, and means whereby the operating memberfirst moves the said magnetic member to the attracted position, puts the said spring under a strain to close the contacts and mechanically holds the contacts out of engagement, and then releases the said spring to close the contacts free of the operating member.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, an electromagnet having a magnetic movable member connected to one of the said contacts for operating thesame, an operating member cooperating with said magnetic member for closing the contacts, one of the said contacts mounted for movement with respect to the said magnetic member against a bias opposing the said movement and positioned to be engaged by the said operating member to effect the closin of the switch in accordance with the said bias when the said magnetic member is moved by said operating memberito a position to he magnetically held by the said electromagnet and the operating member is then moved free of the said contacts.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of normally open switch contacts, a pivotally l memifer was attracted position an mounted switch member carrying one of thesaid contacts, an electromagnet having a magnetic movable member providing the pivotal support for the said switch member and arranged to magnetically hold the switch member in the closed osition, an operating member for moving t e ma f moving the switch member a limited disetic of normally open switch contacts, a, pivotally' mounted switch member carrying one of the said contacts,- an electromagnet having a magnetic movable member providing the pivotal support for the said switch member and arranged to magnetically hold the switch member in the closed position, an operating member cooperating with one end of the said switch member for first moving the switch member in one direction about its pivotal support into operative engagement with the magnetic member and then moving the magnetic member to the attracted position and the switch member a limited distance toward *the closed position, and a spring connected to be put under strain by the said movement for. moving the switch member in the other direction about its piv otal
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of normally open switch contacts, a switch member carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, an electromagnet having an armature pivotally-mounted at one end and pivotally connected to the switch member at its other end, an operating member cooperating with the end of the switch member opposite the end carrylng the said contactto move the switch member in one direction into. operative engagement with the said armature and then move the armature to the attracted position and the switch member a limited distance toward the closed posi- I tion, and a spring connected to said switch member ut under strain by the movement of the swltch member for moving the switch member in the otherdirectionabout its pivotal support to close the switch when the operating member is released.
  • An electric switch comprising a switch member biased to the open position
  • sion is effective to close the switch only when the said electromagnet is energized.
  • An electric switch comprising an electromagnet having a magnetically moyable member biased to the unattracted. posltlon, a switch member-biased to the 0 en ositi'on and held in theclosed position y-t e said magnetic member when in the attracted position, operatin means for the SWItGh' or moving the magnetic member to the an electromagnet for holdattracted position and placing the said erated to the closed position in accordance with the said spring tension u on the release of the said operating means i the said elec- I tromagnet is energized or the switch member is returned to its biased position in accordance with said spring tension uponthe release of the said operating means if the said electromagnet is deenergized.
  • An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable engaging circuit interrupting contacts, a switch member connected to move about a pivot and carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said con tact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, and a second member connected with the said switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to move the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of switch contacts, a switch member biased to the open position carrying one of said contacts on one end thereof, a second member pivotally connected to the switch member for holding the same in the closed position and connected to move about a pivot, a spring connected to the switch member and put under strain during the closing operation of the switch for moving the switch member about the pivotal connection with the said second member to bring the said contacts into yielding engagement and for biasing the said members to their respective open positions, the moment of inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact about the point of connection with the said spring being less than the moment of inertia of the other end of the switch member about the point of connection with Y the said spring, whereby the said contact is moved by the said second member about the said pivot to quickly interrupt the ClIu'til't controlled by the switch.
  • An electricswitch comprising a pair a switch member biased to open position carrying one of the switch contacts on one end thereof, a second member connected to move about a pivot and connected to the switch member for holding the same in the closed position, the connection between said members permitting relative movement, means for applying a force at a point on said switch member to bias the said members to their respective open positions and-to causethe saidcontacts to make a yielding engagement with each other, the moment of inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact about the said point being less than the moment of inert-ia of the other end of the switch memlier about the said point, whereby the said second member moves the said contact about the said pivot to quickly interrupt' the circuit controlled by the switch.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of switch contacts, a switch member biased to the open position carrying one of said contacts on one end thereof, and a weight on the other end, a second member pivotally connected to the switchmember and connected to move about a second pivot, the said second member arranged to hold the switch member in the closed position against a bias to the open position, a spring connected to the switch member at a point between the connection with the said second member and the said weight for biasing the said members to their respective open positions and for causing the said contacts to make a yielding engagement with each other, whereby the movement of the said second member to its biased position upon the release of the same causesthe saidccontact to move about the said second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the switch.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of switch contacts, a switch member biased to the open position carrying one of said contacts on one end thereof, a second member connected to move about a pivot andv switch member located adjacent to the said pivot to give the end of the switch member a greater moment of inertia about the. said polnt than the end of the switch member carrying the said contact, whereby in opening the switch the said second member moves the said contact about the said pivot to quicklyv interrupt the circuit controlled by the switch.
  • An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable engaging circuit interrupting contacts, a sw1tch member connected to move about apivot and carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact bein less than the inertia of the other end of t e switch'member, a second member connected with the switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to move the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts, and a resilient electrical connection to the said end of the switch member having the greatest inertia.
  • switch member connected to move about a pivot and carrylng one of the said contacts on one end thereof, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, a second member connected with the switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to move the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts, and a bent resilient conductor connected to the end ofthe switch member having the greatest inertia for causing an openlng movement of the switch member about the first pivot responsively to the current through the switch member.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of switch contacts, a. switch member biased to the open position carrying one-of said contacts on one end thereof, a second member pivotally connected to the switch member for holding the same in the closed position and connected to move about a pivot, a spring connected to the switch member and put under strain during the closing operation of the switch for moving the switch member about the pivotal connection with the said second member to bring the said contacts into yielding engagement the switch.
  • the moment ofinertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact about the point of connection with the said spring being less than the moment of inertia of the other end of the switch member about the point of connection with the said spring, and a bent resilient conductor connected to.
  • the end of the switch member having the greatest moment of inertia for causing an opening movement of the switch member about the pivotal connection with the said second member, whereby when the switch opens the said contact-is moved about the said pivot and about the said pivotal connection withithe second member simultaneously to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by 26.
  • An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable circuit interrupting contacts, a switch member biased to theopen position carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, and connected to move in one direction about a pivot between the ends, of the switch member to close the said contacts, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact bein less than the inertia of the other end 0 the switch. member, means for holding the' switch member in the closed.position,-and means engaged by the said other-end of the switch member when the said holding means is released for relieving the shock to the parts of the switch in opening.
  • An interrupter for. electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable circuit interrupting contacts, a switch member biased to the open position carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, and connected to move in one direction about a pivot between the ends of the switch member to close the said contacts, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, means for holding the switch member in the closed position, a stop for limiting the opening movement of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact, and means engaged during the opening or" the switch by thesaid other end of the switch member before the end carrying the contactengages the said stop when the said holding means is released for relieving the shock to the parts of the switch in opening.
  • An interrupter for electric circuits comprisin a air of relatively movable engaging clrcuit interrupting contacts, a] switch member connected to move about a pivot and carrying one of thesaid contacts on one end thereof, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, a second member connected to the switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to cause a movement of the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts, and means engaged by the said end of the switch member havin the greatest moment of inertia during t e opening movement of the said members to cause a movement of the said end of the switch member to take up the shock to the parts of the switch in opening.
  • An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable engaging circuit interrupting contacts, a switch member biased to the open position carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, the said switch member connected to move in one direction about a pivot to close the switch and to move in the other direction about the pivot when the switch opens, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, a second member connected to the switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to cause a movement of the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts, a stop. engaged in the open position of the switch for the end of the-switch member carrying the said con;
  • An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable en-' gaglng circuit interrupting contacts, a switch member connected to move about a pivot and carrying one of said contacts on one end thereof, the inertia of the end of the member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, means connected to the switchmember for holding the same in the closed position and for moving the said switch member to interrupt the circuit controlled by the contacts, an operating member cooperating with the said other end of the switch member toinitiate the closing movement of the switch and to engage the said other end to cause a movement of the switch member about the said pivot when the switch opens to thereby take up the shock of opening.
  • An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable enga ing c1rcu1t lnterruptlng contacts, a switch member biased to the open pos tion carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, the said switch member connected to move in one direction about a pivot to close the said contacts and in the other direction about the pivot when the switch opens, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, a second member connected to the switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to cause a movement of the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts, a stop engaged in the open position of the switch for the end of the switch member carrying the said contact, an operating member cooperating with the said other end of the switch member to initiate the closing movement of the switch and to reverse the movement of the said other end of the switch member before the said stop is engaged during the opening movement of the members to take up the shock of opening.
  • An electric switch comprising a pair of switch contacts, a switch member biased to an open position carrying one of said contacts on one end thereof, a second member pivotally connected to the switch member for holding the same in the closed position and connected to move about a pivot, a spring connected to the switch member and put under strain during the closing operation of the.

Description

J. F. TRITLE ELECTRIC SWITCH Filed Oct. 28, 1921 Inventor John F Trifle,
His Attorneg Patented Nov. 3, 1925.
UNITED STATES 1,560,440 PATENT, OFFICE,
JOHN F. TBITLE, OF SOHENECTADY, YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK. V
nmcrnrc swrrcn.
Application filed October 28, 1821. Serial No. 511,000.
new and useful Improvements in Electric Switches, of which the following is a specification.
In certain of its aspects, my invention is directed to improvements in electric switches "of the trip free type; that is, a type of switch which is arranged to automatically open upon the occurrence of an overload and which can notbe held closed by the operatin means during an overload in the contro led circuit. Such switches have usually involved the use of triggers, latches and the like which normally establish an operative connection between the switch closing means and the switch contacts, and
the arrangement is usually such that the operative connection is broken upon the occurrence of an overload, whether the'overload is present when the switch is first closed oroccurs some time after. the switch is closed.
A switch of this type is described andbroad- 'ly claimed in Patent No. 942,491, issued December 7, 1909, toYEdward M. Hewlett and VV'illiain Le Roy Emmet. Switches constructed and arranged in the manner described in said patent are entirely successful for ordinary applications, but they leave something to be desired for' applications where a very high speed of operation is desired, because of the time interval of operation of'the triggers, latches and the like. In my formenPatefit No. 1,323,798, issued December 2,1919, reissued on August '29, 1922, No. 15,441, I have described and claimed broadly a high speed automatic circuit breaker in which 'triggers,,latches and the like are dispensed with, and the present invention is directed to improvements in this type of switch whereby an improved tripfree arrangement is provided. However, I would have it understood that the present invention is not necessarily limited to its use in a switch as described "and claimed in my said patent, but has a broader application as will be apparent to those skilled in the art' from an understanding of the same.
In'accordance with the invention, the operating means for the switch does not directly close the switch, butmerely initiates the closing movement and places the switch in a position to automatically close in accordance with a strain set up durin the initial movement toward the close positiona After 'the' initial movement toward, ,theJQ preferably that described inmy said former patent. The arrangement is such that in case the switch should beclosed on an over-, load or even a short circuit, the switch-is free to open very quickly, since the connec-- 7 tion with the operatingmeans is already broken before the switch is permitted. to close. i
In the preferred form of my invention It.
provide electromagnetic means for holding 7 .the switch closed and for effecting the quick opening of the same in res case to an over: load by shunting the hol ing flux of the electromagnet from its cooperating magnetic movable member; as described in-my said former patent. The arrangement is preferably such that in case the holding electromagnet is deenergized, the operating means is ineflective to close the switch.
Another feature of my invention relates to i 35 an improved form ofquick acting circuit interrupting contacts in which one of the contacts is mounted on a switch member for movement about a pivot, the moment of inertia of the switch member being greatest on the end of the switch member 0 posite to the end carrying the contactso'tl iat the end carrying the contact will move'qmckly to open the circuit.
My invention also provides an improved arrangement whereby the shocks and strains set up in the switch inopening are reduced to a minimum.
For a better understanding of the invention, referenceis had to the accompanying drawing in which I have shown an embodiment of the invention for purposes of illustration,.and in which Fig. 1 1s a side view of the switch in the open position; Fig. 2
shows the relative positions of the parts 9 during the first part of. the closing movement; Fig. 3 shows the relative positions of'the parts of the switch when the initial closing movement .is completed;' Fig. 4
shows the relative positions of the parts Rnssuw when the operating member is released and the switch closes due to the strain set up I during, the initial closing movement; and
Fig. is a simplified diagram of connections in which the switch of the invention is shown diagrammatically.
Referring to the drawing, the switch comprises a pair of relatively movable switch contacts and 11 for closing the circuit controlled by the switch. The contact-1O is arranged so as to be movable into. engagement with the contact 11 which may be a stationary contact rigidly mounted on but insulated from the support 12. The contact 10 is carried by the pivotally mounted switch member 13 which is biased to-t'he 0 en position shown in Fig. 1 by the effect 0 gravity and also by means of the spring 14. The
switch member '13 is arranged to be held in the closed position by means of the electromagnet 15 which has a magnetic movable member or armature 16. The armature 16 is carried by the member 17 which is pivotally connected to the support 12 at 18 and pivotlower end of the switch member 13, that is,
the end of the switch member opposite to the end which carries the contact 10. The operating member 20 may be'manually operated by means of a handle 23, or it may be electromagnetically operated by means of the electromagnet 24 having a plunger 2:) connected to the operating member The drawing shows the preferred /form of my invention in which the means for holdig the switch in the closed position comprises the electromagnet 15 having a shunt coil 26. The armature 16 of the electromagnet is adapted to bridge the poles 27 and 28 of the electromagnet and the conductor 29 includedin the circuit controlled by the switch or energized responsively to the current through the switch, is disposed in the air gap between the two poles 27 and 28 adjacent to the contacting surfaces of thearmature 16 and the poles 27 and 28. As described in my former Patent No. 1,323,798, the electromagnetwill normally hold the armature16 in the attracted position as long as the conditions in the electric circuit controlled by the switch are normal, but in case an abnormal circuit condition should arise, such for instance, as an overload, the magnetic field set up by the conductor 29 will cause the flux set up by the electromagnet lg'i to be shunted away from the armature 16,
- thereby releasing the armature and permitting the. switch toopen, It will be under- .{jr stood that the electromagnet 15 is incapable "a ofmagnetically operating the armature 16 should be an abnormal rush of current through the switch, this conductor will tend to straighten and thereby move the lower end of the switch member 13 counterclockwise, thus assisting the opening movement of the switch. i
It is believed that the features of construction and arrangement and the operation of-the switch will be understood from the above general description and a consideration of Fig. 5'taken in connection with Figs. 2, 3 and 4. Referrin to Fig. 5, the electric switch of my invention is adapted to control an electric circuit supplied with energy through the conductor 31 by means ofthe generator 32. In order toclose the switch and connect the circuit controlled thereby to the supply conductor 31, the disconnecting switch 32 and the pilot switch 33 are first closed. The normally open push button 34 is then closed, thereby energizing the relay 35 to close and thus energize the winding of the closing electromagnet 24. The operating member- 20 is thereby caused to move the lower end of the switch member 13 counterclockwise about the pivotal support 19, the switch contact 10 in the meantime remaining in engagement with the stop 36 on the support 12. The spring 14 is put under a slight strain. The various parts of the switch will now be in the positions shown in Fig. 2. A continuation of the movement of the operating member will move both the switch member 13 and the armature 16 about the pivotal support 18 until. the armature 16 is brought into engagement with the poles 27 and 28 of the holding electromagnet. Inasmuch as, the holding electromagnet is energized by reason of the fact that the pilot switch 33 is closed.
the magnetic movable member of the switch will be held in the attracted position. The various parts of the switch are now in their respective positions shown in Fig. 3. It will be observed that the spring 14 has been put under additional strain. and because of the fact that the spring is connected to the switch member 13' on one side of the pivotal moon-1o original position, the spring 14 is released to closing entirely free of the operating member. The spring 1 1 is connected to the switch member 13 at a position suchthat the desired pressure is applied to the contacts 10 and 11 and in addition gives an'ac celerating force for uickly moving the members 13 and 17 w en the switch is to be opened. The contactin surfaces of the contacts 10 and 11 are so isposed with respect to the pivot point 19 that there is a sliding action of thecontact 10 with respect to the contact 11, when the switch closes. When the switch is thus closed and mechanically held closed, the various parts of the switch will be in their respective positions shown in Fig. 4.
By reference to Fig. 5, it will be noticed that the auxiliary switch 37 is opened when the armature 1-6 of the switch is moved to to the attracted position, thereby deenergizing the relay 35 and permitting this relay to open and deenergize the electromagnet 2 1 for the operating mechanism so that when the armature is moved to the attracted position the operating member 24 is automatically released. When the switch is closed,
the conductor 29 disposed in the air gapv between the poles 27 and 28 of the holding clectromagnet 15 will cause the holdingflux of the electromagnet to be shunted away from the armature 16 in case the current through the switch'is greater than the predetermined value. The armature 16 is thereby released and the switch permitted to return to its normal open'position, that shown in Fig. 1. It will also be observed that the flexible conductor 30 will tend to straighten due to the current through the switch, thereby assisting the opening effect. It will be seen that the straightening action of the conductor 30 is coincident with the effect of the conductor 29 in shunting the magnetic flux of theelectromagnet 15 away from the armature 16 so that the opening effects of the conductor 29* and the conductor 30 are simultaneous.
The weight- 39 on the lower end of the switch member is provided for insuring that the moment of inertia of the part of the member 13 below the point of connection with the spring 14. is greater than the .moment of inertia of the member 13 above the point of connection with the spring so that when the armature 16v is released to move about the pivot ,18, the upper part of the switchmember will move at a much greater rate of speed than the lower part. This causes the contacts 10 and 11m begin to open practically simultaneously with the beginning of movement of the armature 16 to the released position and also prevents the switch member from turning clockwise about the pivot 19. I
The partial loop in the flexible conductor 30 adds to the effect of the weight 39 in holding back the lower end of the switch member. The weight 39 should be located as near as possible to the pivot point 18 so that a minimum force is required to rotate the member 17 and the switch member 13 about the pivot point 18. This feature is of particular advantage when the switch is closed on a short circuit, since the contacts are thereby permitted to interrupt the controlled circuit very quickly.
The inductiveshunt 38 around the conductor 29 is provided for causing the switch to open at one value of current when the rate of change of the current is abnormal and at a materially smaller value. of current when the rate of change of the current is very high, as, for instance, a short cir: cuit. This feature of the switch is fully described in my aforesaid prior patent.
The switch will ordinarily be provided with a magnetic blow out, as shown, and a suitable arc chute, although these features are not of the essence of the invention. It will be seen that the operating member 20 for the switch does not directly close the switch, but merely initiates the closing movement and puts the switch member 13 under a strain to the closed position, which does not become effective until the operating member 20 is released. The switch is thus free to open very quickly, since the connection of the operating member'20 is already broken before the switch is permitted to close. It will also be observed that the result is effected without the use of triggers, latches and the like, and that the arrangement is therefore capable of opening at a comparatively high speed.
The stored up energy in themember 17 and the switch member 13 when the switch opens is considerable. In order to minimize the strains setup-in the parts of the switch, the arrangement is such that the in accelerating the weight 39 and the shock and strains in the moving members of. the switch when the switch opens are greatly reduced. A
In case the holding electromagnet is not energized, the operating member 20 isineffective to close the switch, since it is neces sary for the lever 17 to be magnetically held so that the switch member may turn about the pivot 19 to the closed position.
It is obvious that the switch contacts may be opened at will by simply moving the operating member 20 in the closing direction. Thus, with the switch closed as shown in Fig. 4, by moving the operating member 20 in'the closing direction, the contact 10 will assume the position shown in Fig. 3 and thus open the controlled circuit.
In accordance with the provisions of the patentstatutes, I have described the principle operation or" my invention, to-
gether with the apparatus which I now conclosing the contacts arranged to first put .the contacts under strain to the closed position while holding the contacts cut or engagement and then release the contacts to close in accordance with the said strain so as to be held in the closed position by the said holding means.
2. An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, means for holding the contacts in the closed position, operating means for closing the contacts, and conne tions whereby the operating means first puts the contacts understrain to the closed position while holding the contacts out of en gagement and then releases the contacts to close in accordance with the said strain to be held in the closed position by the said holding means free of the operating means.
3. An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, an electromagnet for holding the contacts in .the closed position, and means for closing the contacts arranged to first put the contacts under strain to the closed position while holding the contacts out of engagement and to then release the contacts to close in accordance with the said strain so as to be held in the closed position by the said electromagnet.
4. An electric switch comprising a pair 0 relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, an electromagnet for holding the contacts in the closed position. an operating member for closing the contacts, a spring connected to one of the contacts and :ontrolled by the said operating member, and connections whereby the operating member puts the said spring under strain to close the contacts and holds the contacts out of engagement and then permits the spring to close the contacts and -gives the control of the contacts to the said electromagnet.
5. An electric switch comprising an electromagnet having a magnetic movable member biased to the unattracted position and arranged when in the attracted position to hold the, switch in the closed position, and operating means for the switch for moving the said magnetic member to the attracted position and placing the switch under a strain to the closed position which becomes effective to close theswitch when the operating means is released;
-6. An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, operating means for closing the said contacts, an electromagnet for holding the said contacts in the closed position, the said electromagnet having a magnetic movable member connected to one of said contacts and biased to the unattracted position, andmeans whereby the said magnetic member is operated to the attracted position by the said operating means and the switch contacts are given a bias to the closed position which becomes effective to close the switch when the operating means is released.
7. An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, means for holding the contacts in the closed position, an operating member for the contacts, and connections through which the said operating member governs the contacts whereby moving the operating member in one direction effects partial movement of one of said contacts toward the closed position and the return of the operating member efi'ects the completion of the closing movement of the said contact through the cooperation. of said holding means.
8. An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position,. operatingmeans for closing the said contacts, an electroma-gnet for holding the said contacts in the closed position, the said electromagnet having a magnetic movable member connected to one of the said contacts and biased to an unattracted position, and means whereby the said magnetic member is operated to the attracted position by the said operating means and the said contacts are closed by the return of the operating means to its initial position.
9. An. electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, means for holding the contacts in the closed position, an operating member. and connections through which the operating member governs the contacts whereby moving the member in the closing direction places the contacts under a strain to the closed position which becomes eifecing tive when the member is returned and a by said holding means effects an opening of the contacts. 4
10. An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movableswitch contacts biased to "the open position, an electromagnet hava magnetic movable member biased to the unattracted position and connected to one of the said contacts for holding the same in the closed position, a spring connected to one of the said contacts, an operating member for closing the contacts, and means whereby the operating member moves the said. magnetic member to the attracted position and puts the said spring under a strain to close the contacts which does not become effective to close the contacts until the operating means is released.
11. An electric switch comprising a'pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, an electromagnet having a magnetic movable member biased to thennattracted position and connected to one of the said contacts for holding the same in the closed position, a spring connected to one of the said contacts, an operating member for closing the contacts, and means whereby the operating memberfirst moves the said magnetic member to the attracted position, puts the said spring under a strain to close the contacts and mechanically holds the contacts out of engagement, and then releases the said spring to close the contacts free of the operating member.
12. An electric switch comprising a pair of relatively movable switch contacts biased to the open position, an electromagnet having a magnetic movable member connected to one of the said contacts for operating thesame, an operating member cooperating with said magnetic member for closing the contacts, one of the said contacts mounted for movement with respect to the said magnetic member against a bias opposing the said movement and positioned to be engaged by the said operating member to effect the closin of the switch in accordance with the said bias when the said magnetic member is moved by said operating memberito a position to he magnetically held by the said electromagnet and the operating member is then moved free of the said contacts.
' 13. An electric switch comprising a pair of normally open switch contacts, a pivotally l memifer was attracted position an mounted switch member carrying one of thesaid contacts, an electromagnet having a magnetic movable member providing the pivotal support for the said switch member and arranged to magnetically hold the switch member in the closed osition, an operating member for moving t e ma f moving the switch member a limited disetic of normally open switch contacts, a, pivotally' mounted switch member carrying one of the said contacts,- an electromagnet having a magnetic movable member providing the pivotal support for the said switch member and arranged to magnetically hold the switch member in the closed position, an operating member cooperating with one end of the said switch member for first moving the switch member in one direction about its pivotal support into operative engagement with the magnetic member and then moving the magnetic member to the attracted position and the switch member a limited distance toward *the closed position, and a spring connected to be put under strain by the said movement for. moving the switch member in the other direction about its piv otal support to the closed position when the operating member is released.
15. An electric switch comprising a pair of normally open switch contacts, a switch member carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, an electromagnet having an armature pivotally-mounted at one end and pivotally connected to the switch member at its other end, an operating member cooperating with the end of the switch member opposite the end carrylng the said contactto move the switch member in one direction into. operative engagement with the said armature and then move the armature to the attracted position and the switch member a limited distance toward the closed posi- I tion, and a spring connected to said switch member ut under strain by the movement of the swltch member for moving the switch member in the otherdirectionabout its pivotal support to close the switch when the operating member is released.
16. An electric switch comprising a switch member biased to the open position,
sion is effective to close the switch only when the said electromagnet is energized.
17. An electric switch comprising an electromagnet having a magnetically moyable member biased to the unattracted. posltlon, a switch member-biased to the 0 en ositi'on and held in theclosed position y-t e said magnetic member when in the attracted position, operatin means for the SWItGh' or moving the magnetic member to the an electromagnet for holdattracted position and placing the said erated to the closed position in accordance with the said spring tension u on the release of the said operating means i the said elec- I tromagnet is energized or the switch member is returned to its biased position in accordance with said spring tension uponthe release of the said operating means if the said electromagnet is deenergized.
18. An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable engaging circuit interrupting contacts, a switch member connected to move about a pivot and carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said con tact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, and a second member connected with the said switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to move the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts.
19. An electric switch comprising a pair of switch contacts, a switch member biased to the open position carrying one of said contacts on one end thereof, a second member pivotally connected to the switch member for holding the same in the closed position and connected to move about a pivot, a spring connected to the switch member and put under strain during the closing operation of the switch for moving the switch member about the pivotal connection with the said second member to bring the said contacts into yielding engagement and for biasing the said members to their respective open positions, the moment of inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact about the point of connection with the said spring being less than the moment of inertia of the other end of the switch member about the point of connection with Y the said spring, whereby the said contact is moved by the said second member about the said pivot to quickly interrupt the ClIu'til't controlled by the switch.
20. An electricswitch comprising a pair a switch member biased to open position carrying one of the switch contacts on one end thereof, a second member connected to move about a pivot and connected to the switch member for holding the same in the closed position, the connection between said members permitting relative movement, means for applying a force at a point on said switch member to bias the said members to their respective open positions and-to causethe saidcontacts to make a yielding engagement with each other, the moment of inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact about the said point being less than the moment of inert-ia of the other end of the switch memlier about the said point, whereby the said second member moves the said contact about the said pivot to quickly interrupt' the circuit controlled by the switch.
21. An electric switch comprisinga pair of switch contacts, a switch member biased to the open position carrying one of said contacts on one end thereof, and a weight on the other end, a second member pivotally connected to the switchmember and connected to move about a second pivot, the said second member arranged to hold the switch member in the closed position against a bias to the open position, a spring connected to the switch member at a point between the connection with the said second member and the said weight for biasing the said members to their respective open positions and for causing the said contacts to make a yielding engagement with each other, whereby the movement of the said second member to its biased position upon the release of the same causesthe saidccontact to move about the said second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the switch.
22. An electric switch comprising a pair of switch contacts, a switch member biased to the open position carrying one of said contacts on one end thereof, a second member connected to move about a pivot andv switch member located adjacent to the said pivot to give the end of the switch member a greater moment of inertia about the. said polnt than the end of the switch member carrying the said contact, whereby in opening the switch the said second member moves the said contact about the said pivot to quicklyv interrupt the circuit controlled by the switch.
23. An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable engaging circuit interrupting contacts, a sw1tch member connected to move about apivot and carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact bein less than the inertia of the other end of t e switch'member, a second member connected with the switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to move the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts, and a resilient electrical connection to the said end of the switch member having the greatest inertia.
engaging circuit interrupting contacts, a
switch member. connected to move about a pivot and carrylng one of the said contacts on one end thereof, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, a second member connected with the switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to move the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts, and a bent resilient conductor connected to the end ofthe switch member having the greatest inertia for causing an openlng movement of the switch member about the first pivot responsively to the current through the switch member.
25. An electric switch comprising a pair of switch contacts, a. switch member biased to the open position carrying one-of said contacts on one end thereof, a second member pivotally connected to the switch member for holding the same in the closed position and connected to move about a pivot, a spring connected to the switch member and put under strain during the closing operation of the switch for moving the switch member about the pivotal connection with the said second member to bring the said contacts into yielding engagement the switch.
and for biasing the said members to their respective open positions, the moment ofinertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact about the point of connection with the said spring being less than the moment of inertia of the other end of the switch member about the point of connection with the said spring, and a bent resilient conductor connected to. the end of the switch member having the greatest moment of inertia for causing an opening movement of the switch member about the pivotal connection with the said second member, whereby when the switch opens the said contact-is moved about the said pivot and about the said pivotal connection withithe second member simultaneously to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by 26. An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable circuit interrupting contacts, a switch member biased to theopen position carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, and connected to move in one direction about a pivot between the ends, of the switch member to close the said contacts, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact bein less than the inertia of the other end 0 the switch. member, means for holding the' switch member in the closed.position,-and means engaged by the said other-end of the switch member when the said holding means is released for relieving the shock to the parts of the switch in opening.
27. An interrupter for. electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable circuit interrupting contacts, a switch member biased to the open position carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, and connected to move in one direction about a pivot between the ends of the switch member to close the said contacts, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, means for holding the switch member in the closed position, a stop for limiting the opening movement of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact, and means engaged during the opening or" the switch by thesaid other end of the switch member before the end carrying the contactengages the said stop when the said holding means is released for relieving the shock to the parts of the switch in opening.
28. An interrupter for electric circuits comprisin a air of relatively movable engaging clrcuit interrupting contacts, a] switch member connected to move about a pivot and carrying one of thesaid contacts on one end thereof, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, a second member connected to the switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to cause a movement of the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts, and means engaged by the said end of the switch member havin the greatest moment of inertia during t e opening movement of the said members to cause a movement of the said end of the switch member to take up the shock to the parts of the switch in opening. v
29. An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable engaging circuit interrupting contacts, a switch member biased to the open position carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, the said switch member connected to move in one direction about a pivot to close the switch and to move in the other direction about the pivot when the switch opens, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, a second member connected to the switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to cause a movement of the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts, a stop. engaged in the open position of the switch for the end of the-switch member carrying the said con;
tact, and means engaged by the said other end of the switch member before the said stop is engaged during the opening movement of the switch to reverse the movement of the said other end of the switch member about the first pivot to take up the shock of opening.
30. An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable en-' gaglng circuit interrupting contacts, a switch member connected to move about a pivot and carrying one of said contacts on one end thereof, the inertia of the end of the member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, means connected to the switchmember for holding the same in the closed position and for moving the said switch member to interrupt the circuit controlled by the contacts, an operating member cooperating with the said other end of the switch member toinitiate the closing movement of the switch and to engage the said other end to cause a movement of the switch member about the said pivot when the switch opens to thereby take up the shock of opening.
31. An interrupter for electric circuits comprising a pair of relatively movable enga ing c1rcu1t lnterruptlng contacts, a switch member biased to the open pos tion carrying one of the said contacts on one end thereof, the said switch member connected to move in one direction about a pivot to close the said contacts and in the other direction about the pivot when the switch opens, the inertia of the end of the switch member carrying the said contact being less than the inertia of the other end of the switch member, a second member connected to the switch member to hold the same in the closed position and to cause a movement of the said contact about a second pivot to quickly interrupt the circuit controlled by the said contacts, a stop engaged in the open position of the switch for the end of the switch member carrying the said contact, an operating member cooperating with the said other end of the switch member to initiate the closing movement of the switch and to reverse the movement of the said other end of the switch member before the said stop is engaged during the opening movement of the members to take up the shock of opening.
32. An electric switch comprising a pair of switch contacts, a switch member biased to an open position carrying one of said contacts on one end thereof, a second member pivotally connected to the switch member for holding the same in the closed position and connected to move about a pivot, a spring connected to the switch member and put under strain during the closing operation of the. switch for moving the switch member in one direction about the pivotal connection with the said second member to bring the said contacts into yielding engagement and for biasing the said members to their respective open positions, the moment of inertia of the end of the switch member carryingthe said contact about the point of connection with the said spring being less than the moment of inertia of the other end of the switch member about the point of connection with the said spring, a stop engaged in the open position of the switch by the end of the switch member carrying the said contact, an operating member cooperating with the said other end of v the switch member to initiate the closing movement of the switch and to reverse the movement of the said other end of the switch member about the pivotal connection with the said second member before the said stop is engagedduring the opening movement of the. members to take up the shock of opening. a
In. witness whereof, I have,hereunto setmy hand this 27th day of October, 1921.
1.10mi TRITLE.
US511000A 1921-10-28 1921-10-28 Electric switch Expired - Lifetime US1560440A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR548116D FR548116A (en) 1921-10-28
US20770D USRE20770E (en) 1921-10-28 Electric switch
DEA38542D DE389768C (en) 1921-10-28 Overcurrent switch with trip-free release
BE306494D BE306494A (en) 1921-10-28
BE340863D BE340863A (en) 1921-10-28
US511000A US1560440A (en) 1921-10-28 1921-10-28 Electric switch
GB29515/22A GB187993A (en) 1921-10-28 1922-10-28 Improvements in and relating to electric switches
FR32952D FR32952E (en) 1921-10-28 1925-12-04 Improvements made to electrical circuit breakers
FR33276D FR33276E (en) 1921-10-28 1927-03-22 Improvements made to electrical circuit breakers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US511000A US1560440A (en) 1921-10-28 1921-10-28 Electric switch

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1560440A true US1560440A (en) 1925-11-03

Family

ID=24033060

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US511000A Expired - Lifetime US1560440A (en) 1921-10-28 1921-10-28 Electric switch

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1560440A (en)
BE (1) BE306494A (en)
FR (1) FR548116A (en)
GB (1) GB187993A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2515992A (en) * 1944-06-17 1950-07-18 Milwaukee Gas Specialty Co Thermocouple safety pilot switch
US2601483A (en) * 1948-03-16 1952-06-24 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Blow open, blow closed circuit breaker system
US2601422A (en) * 1947-01-07 1952-06-24 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Circuit breaker
US2601484A (en) * 1949-11-16 1952-06-24 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Blow open, blow closed circuit breaker
US2755355A (en) * 1951-05-11 1956-07-17 Gen Electric High speed circuit breakers

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3068379A (en) * 1957-04-11 1962-12-11 Fed Pacific Electric Co Circuit protective apparatus

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2515992A (en) * 1944-06-17 1950-07-18 Milwaukee Gas Specialty Co Thermocouple safety pilot switch
US2601422A (en) * 1947-01-07 1952-06-24 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Circuit breaker
US2601483A (en) * 1948-03-16 1952-06-24 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Blow open, blow closed circuit breaker system
US2601484A (en) * 1949-11-16 1952-06-24 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Blow open, blow closed circuit breaker
US2755355A (en) * 1951-05-11 1956-07-17 Gen Electric High speed circuit breakers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR548116A (en) 1923-01-05
GB187993A (en) 1923-07-12
BE306494A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US1560440A (en) Electric switch
US2794881A (en) Circuit breaker operating mechanism
US2432899A (en) Shockproof electromagnetic contactor
US1807815A (en) Control apparatus
US1680674A (en) Electric switch
US2105604A (en) Electromagnetic overload circuit breaker
US2385293A (en) Device for overcoming effects of shocks
US1813181A (en) High-speed circuit interrupter
US3614687A (en) Circuit interrupting apparatus
US1669106A (en) Electric switch
US2640122A (en) Transitory latching switch mechanism
USRE20770E (en) Electric switch
US1918378A (en) Electric switch and closing and opening means therefor
US1669546A (en) Circuit interrupter
US2669620A (en) Electromagnetic contactor
US1339922A (en) Switch for electric circuits
US975420A (en) System of electric-circuit protection.
US839079A (en) Time-limit circuit-breaker.
US1058200A (en) Electric-switch control.
US1241533A (en) Circuit-interrupter.
US1414413A (en) Electrical switch
US3467799A (en) Elimination of arcing effects in circuit breakers
US962958A (en) Solenoid operating mechanism.
US1119971A (en) Circuit-interrupter.
US1437079A (en) Circuit interrupter