US1559142A

US1559142A - Pneumatic-tire construction

Info

Publication number: US1559142A
Application number: US411949A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ames Butler
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-09-22
Filing date: 1920-09-22
Publication date: 1925-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 1942-10-27

Description

Oct. '27, 1925 B; AMES 7 PNEUMATIC TIRE CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Sept. 22, 1920 Patented Oct. 27, 1925.

UNITE-IL) STATES mmomez.

BUTLER. was, or LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

rnnumrrc-zrmn consrnuc'rron;

Application filed September 22, 1920, Serial 110,411,949. Renewed April 18, 1925.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known thatI, BUTLER AMEs, a citi-' for use as a reinforcement for the shoe or other cover of such a tire and to -a mode of producing the same. As commonly constructed such carcasses have been formed by winding a continuous strand of cord or wire I such beads lying in substantially parallel relation and serving as a reinforcing medium for the rubber or other compound, which is thereafter applied for forming the main portion of the shoe. As heretofore constructed, however, the bead forming annuluses about which the strands of cord pass are commonly of wire, metal or other relatively hard and rigid material and it is" ,found in practice that the strands at the points Where they engage such annuluses rapidly become worn, due to the friction between them and such hard or metallic elements.-

An object of' the present invention is to provide a bead forming annulus for use in a cord tire of the type referred to, of such a character that there will be little or no tendency for wear to develop in the connecting strands at the point where they engage such annulus. To thisend the annuluses may be of some relatively soft substance such for example as textile material. In a preferred form of the invention it is contemplated that the annulus forming cords will take the form of ropes of textile material of a diameter substantially larger than that of the connecting strands and if desired of the same material as the latter.

In tire carcasses as previously-constructed in which a wire annulus is employed, there is more or less tendency of the wrapping cords to slip longitudinally of the wire, there being no positive connection therebetween. Such slipping of the cords serves to change their relative arrangement, permitting them to pile one on the other and thus'injuriously affecting the uniformity of arrangement which is desirable-in providing the proper distribution of strain throughout the area of the fabric;

A further object of the present invention is to provide, in a reinforcing fabric for tires, a structure in which there can be no -longitudinal slippinglof the connecting cords relative to the bead forming annuluses. One mode of attaining the object desired is to so arrange theconnecting strands that each individual strand shall be interconnected with the annulus where it engages the latter When a cord-like annulus, such as above described, is employed, such connection may be made by causing the connecting strand to pass transversely through the cord annulus at its point of engagement with the same. One mode of arriving at this result may comprise the simultaneous formation of apair of annulus cords together with the throwing of a strand cord backward and forward between such annulus cords during the process of formation, permitting such strand .cord to be caught and interwoven with the elements of the annulus cords, thus producing a ladder-like fabric having no warp strands interposed between the spaced annulus cords.

While as above indicated it is contemplated that the annulus cords may be of any.

when subjected toa combined longitudinal strain and transverse bending. It is a further object of the present invention to provide in a tire carcass of the class described,-a cord annulus of a type which is not subject to the defects common to twisted cord, such for example'as the tendency of the latter to spread open when subject to longitudinal stress and transverse bending, and its failure to recover its original length when stretched while in confined condition, as is the case with a tire annulus after it is embedded in they rubber coating.

With this end inview, a solid cord annulus comprising interbraided strands may profitably be employed. A cord so condividually as are cord annuluses formed of twisted strands. It" is afurther object of the present v invention to employ as the threads or fabric elements making up both the crossing strands and the cord annuluses,, braided elements such as braided threads" or cords well known in the textile arts. It is further contemplated that when, employing braided annulus cords the crossing strands may form component parts of said cords, each of such strands being interbraided with one of said cords through a portion of its length and then being carried in a free run across to the other cord, where it will be interbraided therewith for a suitable distance, after which the strand will again be carried in afree run across to the other cord and interbraided therewith.

In forming a tire fabric in the manner just described it is preferred that a connecting strand, in emerging from one of the annulus cords, pass directly across to the other cord and enter. the same for interbraiding therewith at. a point corresponding in the length of said cord to the point from which it emerges'from the other cord, such crossing cords thus being substantially parallel one to another and lying substantially at right angles to the axis of the annulus cords thus producing a fabric of ladder-like form.

In forming, a tire carcass such as above described in the prior art it has been common to form the bead members as rings and then subsequently wind the crossing cords thereover. .This is a 'slow and laborious process and an object of the present invention is to provide for forming a tire fabric which may be produced in indefinite lengths and cut 011 at the proper intervals for forming individual tire carcasses.

In accordance with the present invention 'the above object is" attained by producing a ladder-like tire fabric comprising a pair of flexible textile bead cords having the connecting strands positively engaged therewith, thus permitting a length of the fabric including the bead cords and the connecting certain of such-objects may be attainedby coveringwire annuluses with textile material by braiding strands of such material thereover While transferring certain of such strands from time to time from the covering of one wire tovthat of another in the manner heretofore, referred to.

A preferred form of the fabric in accordance with the present invention is-shown in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view with parts in cross-section showing a tire coveror shoe constructed. in accordance with the present invention.--

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectionof'a; fabric body, or carcass employed for re-enforcing the tire shown in Fig. 1. v

F ig. 3 is a fragmentary side'elevation of the carcass shownin F ig. 2 looking in the direction of'the arrow a.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but illustrating a modified form of the carcass;

Fig. 5 is a fra 'mentary side view of the device shown in' ig. t'looking in thedirec= tion of the arrow- 1).

'Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the manner in which .the crossing strands of the device of Fig. 2 pass from one of the bead forming cords to the other, and Fig. 7 is a view similar to the left hand side of Fig. 2 but illustrating a further 'modifica: tion.

1 is the outer covering of the tire shoe, such outer covering being commonly constructed of vulcanized rubber or it's-equivalent, and

2 is the inner covering thereof, such inner covering being integral with the outer cove ring 1. Embedded in-the substance of the inner and outer coverings is. a 'cord-reinforcement, which in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 comprises carcasses 3, 4 respectively, of the type shown in Fig. 2, such carcasses being however, arranged in such manner that the bead connecting strands thereof lie in crossed relation in passing about the circumference-of the shoe.

Referring to Fi s. 2 and 6, the cord carcass consists of a fabric of ladder-like form preferably having a pair of solid braided cords, 5, 6 connected by strands 7, Swhich in the particular instance shown in said a figure are interbraided with the

cords

5, 6,

the form of interengagement "of a

strandstrands

7, 8 constitute the soleconne'ction between cords and 6,'no war orlongitudinal strands being inter ose between such cords. Thus the stran s 7, 8 are free to interconnecting strands such as It, 8. As-

' move into the sameiplane when the fabric is Est into use,

ermitting a maximum'numr of suchfa ric carcasses-to be employed with out unduly thickening the tread por-,

tion of the shoe. Thistype of. fabric,-having no interve'i1ing warp strands between the an us cords is herein termed for convenience description a ladder-like fab ric.; Whilethe carcassmayfbe formed by l hand, by a manual braiding operation, it is contemplated in the commercial production of, such carcasses that properly designed braiding machines will be employedcapable of simultaneously braidingjthe

cords

5 and 6 and of transferring at intervals strands from one of said

cords

5, 6 to the other, such transferred" strands extending loosely .be-

tween the

cords

5 and 6, thereby forming in the shoe. When thus incorporated in a tire, all of the

strands

7 and 8, where they pass about the tread portion of thetire, lie substantially in the same plane, or more accurately stated, constitute a sheet of a uniform thickness, equal. to the diameter of one of its const protruding portions. such as would be occasioned by crossing of the strands intermediate the

cords

5 and 6.

the employment of such a tire carcass in the formation of a shoe of the type seen in Fig. 1, a pair of carcasses as 3,4 will be placed with their-cords, 5, 6, infparallel reside thereof. By employing braided cords as the bead forming elements a much more lation as illustrated at 5--5", 66", in Fig.- 1, and .with their interconnecting strands extending in directions inclined to the axis of the shoe, the connecting cords. of the respective carcasses running in opposite directions'and crossing each other over the circumferential portion of the shoe. The two carcasses thus arranged are then embedded in the rubber covering forming the surfaces annuluses commonly employed in making rovide the neces-- cord tires and serve to sary bead at'the base 0 the shoe at each flexible bead is obtained and at the same' time by the integral engagement of the connecting strands with thebead forming cords there is much less danger of chafing. of the tuent strands and having no.

strands and of their separation from the bead'forming elements.

As a modlfication of the device shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the arrangement shown in -Fig's. 4 and 5, may be employed in which the

interconnectingstrands

9, 10, instead of being interbraided with the elements of the bead forming cords, may merely intersect such cords. I

Preferably'the strands

9, 10 will be continuous' one with the other, engaging first a cord and then a cord 16. While the

strands

9, 10, may if desired be a'ssed through the

cords

15, 16, after the ormation of the latter, it 1s regarded as referable to interweave" such strands with the braidin of the latter. This may be accom lis edas a handoperation or by the emp oym'entof a mechanically operated elements of the

cords

15, 16, during the shuttle passing backward and forward be-' tween a pair of braiding machines adapted Y to form the

cords

15, 16. While this latter arrangement eliminates the necessity for employing a wire annulus as the bead forming element, it does not hold the interconnecting strands as firmly as the arrangement first described, the latter being re-' garded as the preferred form. t

'- While with either of the arrangements previously described it is possible to employ twisted strands as the elements of the

cords

5, 6 and for forming the interconnecting

strands

7, 8, it is regarded as desirable that all of'such strands be of braided material and thia is also true of the arrangement shown in Fig. 4. By emplo ing braided strands as the elements of the b cords and as the in rconnecting strands, there is much less ten ency for the cord car'- cass to become se arated in use from the rubber within which it is embedded, there being'no tendency in the braided cord when placed under tension to turn or twist as is true of a twisted cord or.strand.

While as herein shown'in Figs. 2 and 4,

ead forming the cord carcasses comprise series of inter- 'cords of the

respective series

7, 8, are

brought substantially into the same plane, alternating with one another longitudinally .of the carcasses, this being permitted by reason of the ladder-like structure of the carcass fabric, wherein the only longitudi-' nal strands or warps are the spaced, par- .allel bead' forming cords 5,," 6. This pro-- vides a close and compact arrangement of the'cords in the tire shoe providing a verythorough reinforcement of the same.

The arrangement illustrated in Fig. 5 is I generally similar to that of Fig. 2 with the exception that the cord 5 has a core 20of previously described arrangements.

Having thus described the invention in a preferred embodiment of the same together with the mode of use thereof what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patentof the United States is:

l. A ladder-like fabric'for use in' the manufacture of pneumatic tires comprising a pair of substantially parallel braided cords, and a series of strands arranged substantially at right angles to the axes of said cords and connected at their opposite ends with the respective cords for uniting the latter.

2. A ladder-like fabric for use in the construction of. pneumatic tires comprising a pair of longitudinally extending solid textile cords spaced apart in substantially parallel relation and a series of braided textile strands interconnected at their opposite ends with the respective cords, said strands being arranged substantially at right angles to said cords and adapted, when incorporated in the tire, to constitute a sheet of substantially uniform thickness in the tread portion of the tire.

3. A fabric for use in the making of pneumatic tires comprising a pair of substantially parallel, solid bead elements of braided textile material spaced apart and without intervening parallel strands and a series of textile strands united at their opposite ends with the respective bead elements, said latter strands being arranged substantially parallel to each other and adapted when incorporated in a tire to form "a sheet of substantially uniform thickness in the tread portion of the tire.

4. A ladder-like fabric for use in making pneumatic tires comprising a pair of solid braided cords spaced apart in substantially parallel relation, and a series of textile strands of relatively small diameter as respects said cords, said strands being arranged substantially at right angles to said cords and interconnected at their opposite ends with the respective cords.

5. A ladder-like fabric for use in making pneumatic tires having in combination a pair of solld bead members comprising interbraided filamentous elements, and a series of strands integrally united to said head members, said strands being arranged sub- .stantially-at right angles to the axes'of said bead members. A

- 6. A fabric for use in making pneumatic tires comprising a pair of solid bead members each comprising metallic wires covered by filamentous elements interbraided thereover and a series of strands interbraided with said elements, said strands extending between said bead members and substantially at right angles thereto.

7. A ladder-like, tirecarcass fabric com-' prising a pair of metallic core wires, braided textile strands interbraided about each of said core wires to form solid bead members, and substantially parallel strands of textile material connected at their opposite endswith the respective bead members for uniting said head members.-

8. A fabric for use in making pneumatic 'tires comprising a pair of solid bead members each consisting of interbraided textile stran certain of said strands being interbraide alternately with the respective bead members and presenting free runs lying substantially perpendicularly to the axes of said bead members and serving to interconnect the latter.

9. A cord tire fabric of ladder-like con- 11. A cord tire fabric of ladder-like construction comprising longitudinally extending spaced members, and a series of strands parallelly arranged and connecting said members, said strands and said members each comprising interbraided filamentous elements.

12. A tire fabric of ladder-like construction comprising a pair of solidbead cords consisting of interbraided strands and a series of strands parallelly arranged and connecting said bead cords, all ofsaid strands comprising interbraided textile filaments. 1 a

13. That method of producing, cord tire fabric which comprises simultaneously interbraiding filamentous strands in independent groups to form solid, braided cords, discontinuing, at intervals, the interbraiding of one strand with the other strands of one of said groups, associating said strand with strands of the other group, and interbraiding said strand with strands of said latter group, such ,interbraiding commencing at a point in the length of said latter group corresponding substantially to the point in the first group at which said strand was withdrawn.

14. That method of forming cord tire fabric which comprises simultaneously braiding a' pair of cords each comprising a plurality of textile strands, discontinuing, at intervals the interbraidingof one strand with the fora predetermined distance, and then dis continuing the interbraiding of said strand with the latter cord and again interbr'aid-ing it with said first cord, the point ofemergence of said strand from one cord and the point of its incorporation in the other cord being at substantially corresponding 1 positions-in the lengths'of the respective cords.

Signed by 'me at Boston,- Massachusetts, this thirteenth day of July 1920.

Y BUTLER JAMES;