US1555761A - High-pressure still - Google Patents

Description

V w. F. SCHANZLIN HI fiH PRESSURE STILL Filed April 7, 1921 I A TTORNEYS- S Patented Sept. 29, 1925.

UNITED Y STATES PATENT 'OFFICE.

WILLIAM F. scrumzmn, or LIMA, oizro.

men-rnnssonn STILL.

Application filed April 1, 1921. Serial- No. 459,250.

products,

More particularly stated, my invention relates to the manner of applying heat to the still and of causing circulation to take place in consequence of the heat.

I seek to provide means not merely for heating the liquid to be distilled but, in addition, for causing the liquid when thus heated to circulate vertically, so as to thoroughly distribute the heat throughout the entire mass of the liquid.

I employ as a still, a hollow member dis-- posed horizontally, and in connection with this hollow member I use a numberof drums connected together by tubes extending vertically, two of the drums being connected together by a throat inorder to facilitate circulation.

By my invention, I seek to discard the necessity for tube plugs made of Monel metal, brass, lead or the like and to simplify the connection of the various parts, at the same time doingawaywith the necessity for excessive labor and cost'in the matter of upkeep. A

I further seek to prevent the deposit of carbon within the still and especially within the upperportions thereof.

Reference is made to the accompanylng drawing forming a part of this -specifica-.

. tion, and in which like reference characters indicate like parts throughout the several figures.

Figure 1 is a vertical section through my improved apparatus.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary section showing my device as used in a manner somewhat diflerent from that appearing in Figure 1.

A furnace 4 is provided with a firebox 5, and located at the base of the furnace is a drum 6. Connected with this drum is a pipe 7, serving as a tar line. Two other drums 8, 9 are mounted upon the furnace at a little distance over the drum 6. 'A

number oi tubes 10,11 are connected with the drum 6 and extend upwardly therefrom in two 'roups as shown, the upper ends of these tu es being connected with. the drums 8, 9. A partition 12, made of fire clay tile boards dovetailed to fit each other is disosed between the tubes 10 and the tubes 11.

he partition 12 is thus built up of units so that its height can be practically con: trolled at will-that is, by removing some of the tile boards or.addin others. The flames and hot gases from t e firebox heat all of thedrums .and circulate around and between the tubes 10 and 11, especially at the top portions thereof. The top of the furnace is bricked ever at 13.

The drum 9 is provided with ahead 14 extending upwardly from it as indicated in Figures 1 and 2. Where my invention is used as indicated in Figure 1, the head 14 is closed by a cap 15, held thereupon by bolts 16. a

The body of the still appears at 17 and is in communication with the drum 8 b means .of a trunk 18. The drum 9 is provi ed with a head 19 and detachably connected with the latter is a trunk 20. The still body 17 is provided with a vapor outlet 21 and also with manholes 22, 23, these three parts heing of the usual or anydesired .construction'. The still body 17 is further provided with a head 24; which is detaehably connected with the trunk 20, when my device is to be used as indicated in Figure 1.

The still body 17 is further provided with a head 26. A trunk 27 is provided for the purpose of facilitating the connection with r the head 14, as indicated more particularly in Figure 2. An auxiliary trunk 28,. shown in Figure 2, is provided for use in connection with the still body 17. When this pi e is empl0yed,'it is located within the still body, and connected with the head 26 as indlcated in Figure 2. A cap 25 is used for the purpose of closing the head 26 or the head 24, as the case may bet-that is to say,

where my invention is used as indicated in Figure 1, the cap 25 is detachably mounted. upon the head 26 so as to close the same. When, however, my device is em lo ed as indicated in Figure 2, the cap 25 1s etachably mounted upon the head 24 so as to close the latter.

Somewhat similarly, the cap 15 is used to close either "the head 14 or the head 19 carried by the trunk 9, according to -whether my device is used in the manner indicated in Figurel or that indicated in Figure 2. I

device may be employed in two different ways; When it is to be us d asindicate'd in Figure 2, the trunk 27 is placed in between the heads 14 and 26, and detachably connectedtherewith, as shown at the left of Figure 2. In this event, the'cap is secured upon the head 24, and, of course, nothing else is connected'withthe head 24 The trunk 28 is also placed in position and the cap 15 is placed upon the trunk 19 so as to close the same.-

When, how ver, my device is used as in dicated in Figurel, the pipe 28 and trunk 27 are removed; the capv 25 is placed upon the head 26, and the cap 15 similarly placed upon the head 14:, so as to close the same."

This done, the trunk 20 is connected with the head 19 of the drum 9 and with the head 24 of the still body 17.

The operation of distillation as performed with either one of the two forms of my invention may be readily understood from the foregoing description. The petroleum or petroleum product to be distilled is placed within the still body 17 ,-so as to fill up all of the-drums and such trunks as are for the time being used for connecting the still body with the drums. Heat being applied by means of a fire in the firebox 5, the flames andhot gases raise the temperature of the tubes 10, 11 and heat the contents ther eof. As the heated liquid tends to rise, a circulation is established, so that while the still is in action the li uid is flowing continuously through the tu es 10 and. 11. More heat being applied to theliquid through the tubes 10 than through the tubes 11, owing to the closer proximity of the tubes 10 to the fire, the liquid within the tubes 10 is constantly rising, whereas theliquid within the tubes-11 is constantly falling. Thus, the circulation is maintained at a rate which .is comparatively uniform and this meansf, of course, a flowof the liquid from left to right through. the still body; hence, no particular part of the liquid remains for any great lengthof time in any fixed location. Because of the circulation just mentioned, the liquid operated upon is not violently broken up by excess 'sive heat. What occurs is that the more volatile components of the liquid are continuously carried off as va or. By the arl as rangement above describe undue-carbonization is prevented from taking place.

The manner in which, during distillation, the diflerent component liquids are separated by being formed into vapor, carried fi and condensed by cooling is too well known to need any description.

. Of course, in using any apparatus of this general type upon petroleum or its products, more or less carbon is formed, and as plant my-invention can be used at one time in the manner contemplated by'Figure l and at a different time in the manner inin distilling someoils that due to. the inequality in the expansion and contraction of the pipe 20 and a still body 17, leakage .is liable to occur at the points of connection between the pipe 20 and the still body and the drum 9, and to obviate this difficulty the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 ma be employed. In the above 0b ection to the form of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 prevails only when distilling lighter oils which lose theirheat quickly by rapid radiation durin their passage through the pipe 20 from file still 17 tothe drum 9.

With the apparatus above described, the products derived from the process are of comparatively uniform grade,'and relatively free from impurities.

I do 'not limit myself to the precise eneral it might be said that.

, p .a result there isa tendency for tar to 'ac- Thus, it may be readily seen how my .dicated in Figure 2.- It has been found mechanism shown, as variations may be made therefrom without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Let leading from the bottom thereof, a pair of horizontally arranged drums above the first drum, and disconnected from each other, a

series of vertical tubes connecting the lower drum with each of the upper drums, a partition between the series of tubes, a horizontal elogated still body arranged outside of the furnace walls a short distance above and at right angles to the said, drums, and

pipes connecting the still body with the upper drums, the pipes being comparatively large and communicating with the said drums through correspondingly large openings.

2; nace, heating drums in the furnace at the an elongated and horizontally disposed still body having one end arranged directly above and in spaced relation to the heating maining portion of the still body extending beyond the said heating drums, a pipe con- A high pressure still, comprising a fur-- top thereof and in proximity to each other, v

drums and outside of said furnace, the re- I necting one of the heating drums with the,

end of the still body-above said drum, and a pipe connecting the other heating drum with the stilt body, said last named pipe effecting communication between the said other drum and the other end of the still body, and which is remote from the heating drums.

3. In a high pressure still, comprismg a still body, a furnace, heating drums disposed therein in proximity to one another, said still body lying above and transversely of the drums, one end of said still body extending laterally a substantial distance beyond the drums, the other end being adjacent to the heating drums, a conduit between one drum andthe adjacent end of the still body, and a second conduit between the other drum and the still body and communicating with that portion of the still remote from said drum, said conduit being disposed within the still body adjacent the bottom thereofand extending therefrom at a point adjacent to said other drum.

4. In a high pressure still apparatus, a still body, a thermal circulating system comprising a furnace, a sediment drum therein,

, a plurality of independent heating drums positioned above said sediment drum, a plurality of series of heating tubes connecting the sediment drum with the heating drums, insulating bafiies between said series of tubes and between the heating drums and the still body, and conduits connecting the heating drums with the still body whereby a fluid circulating within the stlll may be heated on its passage to the still body and again on its passage therefrom.

WILLIAM F. SCHANZLIN.

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