US1554720A - Electric-arc device - Google Patents
Electric-arc device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1554720A US1554720A US265086A US26508618A US1554720A US 1554720 A US1554720 A US 1554720A US 265086 A US265086 A US 265086A US 26508618 A US26508618 A US 26508618A US 1554720 A US1554720 A US 1554720A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alkali metal
- electric
- discharge
- arc
- anode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000370685 Arge Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000528 Na alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000212342 Sium Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/02—Details
- H01J17/04—Electrodes; Screens
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/02—Details
- H01J17/04—Electrodes; Screens
- H01J17/06—Cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/50—Thermionic-cathode tubes
- H01J17/52—Thermionic-cathode tubes with one cathode and one anode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/50—Thermionic-cathode tubes
- H01J17/58—Thermionic-cathode tubes with more than one cathode or anode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
- H01J19/02—Electron-emitting electrodes; Cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J21/00—Vacuum tubes
- H01J21/02—Tubes with a single discharge path
- H01J21/06—Tubes with a single discharge path having electrostatic control means only
- H01J21/16—Tubes with a single discharge path having electrostatic control means only with external electrostatic control means and with or without internal control electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
- H01J61/26—Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering; Means for preventing blackening of the envelope
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J7/00—Details not provided for in the preceding groups and common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J7/14—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
- H01J7/18—Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
- H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
Definitions
- My invention comprises a method of 0 erating a thermionic discharge of arc-like character in the vapor 0 device of the described class having an anode f an alkali metal and a consisting of an alloy of alkali metal, the device being constructed to tion of said alkali metal by charge.
- the drawing shows a device comprising a sealed envelope 1 consisting of hard glass, quartz, or other material which is chemically inert to heated alkali metal vapor. It may be either evacuated such as hydrogen, sure, for example cury pressure.
- the filament of refracto ample, as tungsten.
- meror may contain a gas argon, at sultable prescathode 2 consists of a ry metal, such, for ex- It is supplied with heatmg current by the leading-in conductors 3,
- the anode 6 consists in part at for example,
- an alloy of sodium and potaslproportions of which ave used with good success an alloy containing one part b may be weight ofsoby weig t of potassium.
- my invention is paror its IOWVCODSIImPtIOD arge havm teristics 0 an are.
- IOWVCODSIImPtIOD arge havm teristics 0 an are.
- e in-a device m whichthe gap between cathode and anode one volt.
- said electrode "one ampere current value drop 0 the charac- 1918, Serial No. 265,086. Renewed March 13, 1924.
- a tube embod ing my invention is particularly applicable as a rectifier for automobile and other small storage batteries as well as for attachment to' direct current voltmeters to enable them to operate on alternating current.
- An electric discharge device comprising a sealed container, cooperating electrodes one of which is constituted by'a filament of refractory material and a quantity of alkali metal located in said container so close to that when said material is vaporized during operation sufficient vapor is provided to wholly envelope the discharge path between said electrodes at a pressure at which an arc-like discharge may be conducted therethrough at potentials ap proximating one volt.
- An electric rectifying device comprising the combination of a sealed container, electrodes therein including a filamentary cathode consisting of refractory metal and an anode constituted by a body of alkali metal located so closely adjacent said cathode that by the vaporization of said metal sufficient vapor is produced to permit of the operation of an arc-like discharge therein with a voltage drop of the order of one volt for a current of about one ampere.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
Description
Sept. 22, 1925. 1,554,720
. 0. v. FERGUSQN v "nmzcmrc .ugc' nlvlcn Original Filed Dog. 3, 1918' A/ka/i AIefd/ Inventor:
Charl es V. Ferguson His Attorhey.
Patented Sept. 22, 1925.
CHARLES V. FERGUSON, OF SCH Application filed December 3,
ENECTADY, NEW
YORK, ASSIGNOR T GENERAL ELEC- rnrc COMPANY, A conromrron on NEW YORK.
ELECTRIC-ARC DEVICE.
To all whom it may cohcern:
Be it known that I, CHARLES V. FERGUSON,
a citizen of the Um Schenectady, of New Yor 'ted States, residing at county of Schenectady, State have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Devices, of which the following is a specification.
prove the efliciency and rectifying properties of incandescent cathode devices.
My invention comprises a method of 0 erating a thermionic discharge of arc-like character in the vapor 0 device of the described class having an anode f an alkali metal and a consisting of an alloy of alkali metal, the device being constructed to tion of said alkali metal by charge.
permit vaporizathe electric dis- The accompanying drawing illustrates an embodiment of my invention.
The drawing shows a device comprising a sealed envelope 1 consisting of hard glass, quartz, or other material which is chemically inert to heated alkali metal vapor. It may be either evacuated such as hydrogen, sure, for example cury pressure. The filament of refracto ample, as tungsten.
or 4 or 5 centimeters of meror may contain a gas argon, at sultable prescathode 2 consists of a ry metal, such, for ex- It is supplied with heatmg current by the leading-in conductors 3,
4, which may also consist of tungsten, and
are sealed as usual into a stem 5. The anode 6 consists in part at for example,
sium, the varied. I
dium and two parts least of an alkali metal,
an alloy of sodium and potaslproportions of which ave used with good success an alloy containing one part b may be weight ofsoby weig t of potassium.
As shown in the drawing a sufiicient amount operation of t e p device embod ticularly notewort v --of voltage the disc of alkali metal is present to permit of the a discharge from the cathode in alkali metal vapor.
my invention is paror its IOWVCODSIImPtIOD arge havm teristics 0 an are. For examp e, in-a device m whichthe gap between cathode and anode one volt.
said electrode "one ampere current value drop 0 the charac- 1918, Serial No. 265,086. Renewed March 13, 1924.
is about 1.0 cm. with a current of about one ampere, the observed potential drop is about The close proximity of the cathode and anode causes the discharge path to be Wholly enveloped by alkali metal vapor which is evolved from .the anode by the heat of the discharge, thus utilizing advantageously the low ionizing potential of alkali metal vapor.
A tube embod ing my invention is particularly applicable as a rectifier for automobile and other small storage batteries as well as for attachment to' direct current voltmeters to enable them to operate on alternating current. I
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,-
1. An electric discharge device comprising a sealed container, cooperating electrodes one of which is constituted by'a filament of refractory material and a quantity of alkali metal located in said container so close to that when said material is vaporized during operation sufficient vapor is provided to wholly envelope the discharge path between said electrodes at a pressure at which an arc-like discharge may be conducted therethrough at potentials ap proximating one volt.
2. An electric rectifying device comprising the combination of a sealed container, electrodes therein including a filamentary cathode consisting of refractory metal and an anode constituted by a body of alkali metal located so closely adjacent said cathode that by the vaporization of said metal sufficient vapor is produced to permit of the operation of an arc-like discharge therein with a voltage drop of the order of one volt for a current of about one ampere.
3. The method of operating an arc-like discharge between closely adjacent cooperating electrodes one of which emits electrons when heated which consists in supplying to the discharge path .between said electrode the vaporof an alkali metal at a sufficiently highpressure to-cause a discharge of about to have a potential about one volt.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 2nd day of December, 1918.
CHARLES v. FERGUSON.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US484517TA | 1915-10-30 | 1915-10-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1554720A true US1554720A (en) | 1925-09-22 |
Family
ID=10077111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US265086A Expired - Lifetime US1554720A (en) | 1915-10-30 | 1918-12-03 | Electric-arc device |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1554720A (en) |
| FR (5) | FR482974A (en) |
| GB (2) | GB153331A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL15695C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2665390A (en) * | 1951-08-18 | 1954-01-05 | Gen Electric | Anode target |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE739389C (en) * | 1936-01-26 | 1943-09-24 | Siemens Ag | Arrangement for the evaporation of a getter material from a tube to be heated from the outside and opening into the interior of a discharge vessel |
-
0
- NL NL15695D patent/NL15695C/xx active
-
1915
- 1915-08-07 FR FR482974A patent/FR482974A/en not_active Expired
-
1916
- 1916-04-29 FR FR484517A patent/FR484517A/en not_active Expired
- 1916-11-16 GB GB16427/16A patent/GB153331A/en not_active Expired
- 1916-12-27 GB GB18506/16A patent/GB109188A/en not_active Expired
-
1918
- 1918-12-03 US US265086A patent/US1554720A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1919
- 1919-12-02 FR FR21964A patent/FR21964E/en not_active Expired
- 1919-12-02 FR FR21966A patent/FR21966E/en not_active Expired
- 1919-12-02 FR FR21965A patent/FR21965E/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2665390A (en) * | 1951-08-18 | 1954-01-05 | Gen Electric | Anode target |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL15695C (en) | |
| FR482974A (en) | 1917-05-16 |
| GB153331A (en) | 1920-11-11 |
| FR21966E (en) | 1921-04-21 |
| FR484517A (en) | 1917-10-16 |
| GB109188A (en) | 1917-09-06 |
| FR21965E (en) | 1921-04-21 |
| FR21964E (en) | 1921-04-21 |
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