US1554463A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

w. M. oulck CARBURETOR Filed Sept. 23, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.

Ji l/0?]! 2 v ATTORNEY! I Sept. 22, 1925.

w. M. QUICK 1'554'463 CARBURETOR Filed Sept. 23', 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ill 1 I11 Ill/III INl ENTOR.

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UNITED STATES WILLIAM H. QUICK, OF HUNTSVILLE, ALABAMA.

GARIBURETOR.

Application flied September 23, 1920. Serial No. 412,140.

To all whom it may concern; I

Be it known that I, WILLIAM M. Qmox, a citizen of the United States, residing at Huntsville, in the county of Madison and State of Alabama, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a. full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to internal combus tion engines and more particularly to that class in which gasoline is supplied to and vaporized in a carburetor.

The principal object of my invention is to provide for atomizing and more perfectly vaporizing the gasoline supply and make a more uniform and homogeneous mixture of hydrocarbon vapor and air, so as to obtain perfect combustion and thereby economize in the use of gasoline, or in other words, greatly increase the mileage with a given amount of gasoline consumed.

Another object is to provide for instantly heating and gasifying gasoline when starting with a cold carburetor, so as to expedite starting of a car.

Another object is to provide for mufiling or suppressing the cracking puffs or noise in the carburetor caused by that part of the exhaust products which are returned to the carburetor to atomize and vaporize the gasoline supply.

The matter constituting my invention will be defined in the claims.

I will now describe the details of construct-ion of my carburetor by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a side elevation of an engine and my attached carburetor.

Fig. 2 represents a vertical transverse section of the carburetor on line 2-2, Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 represents a longitudinal vertical section on line 3-3, Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 represents a section detail of part of an exhaust pipe.

Fig. 5 represents a face View, on enlarged scale, of a throttle valve having an electric heater applied thereto, with parts broken awa Fig. 6 represents a sectional detail view casting composed of the thick base plate 1",

the depending casing 1, containing the liq uid' feed regulating tube 5 and a closing plug. The base plate 1 is secured by bolts 7, Fig. 3, to the outer casing. The body 1" fills the transverse area of the outer casing as shown in Fig. 2, and is made with thick walls at its lower end for containing the atomizing nozzles and passages leading into a mixing chamber 4. Thischamber is shown of triangular form, Fig. 2, in cross section. The mixing chamber 4: is closed at the top by a guide disc 1 in the bell shaped piston 21. The upper part of the side walls of the body 1 are cut away to provide passages for the bell piston as shown in Fig. 2, and is made with shoulders g as bearings for the lower end or extended skirt 21 of the bell piston. The feed tube 5 is provided with exterior rack teeth 6, with which engages a pinion 7, having a crank arm 8 for manually raising or lowering the tube with respect to the needle valve 22. The tube 5 works in a stuffing box a and opens at its lower end into the hollow plug 9. This plug is perforated and engages by screw threads with the threaded casing 1 and is provided with a drain cock 9. The casing 1 has perfora.- tions which register with the perforations in the plug, so that liquid fuel may flow In from a surrounding jacket chamber. The jacket 9 is secured between annular shoulders on casing 1 and the hollow plug 9. The float feed device 10 of known construction connects by a pipe 11 with the jacket chamber opening by perforations into the hollow plug 9.

The atomizing nozzles for liquid and hot products are arranged in the base of the interior body 1 as shown in Figs. 2 and 6.

The body is provided with ducts a for liquid fuel and ducts d for vapor. Hollow screw plugs 12, each having a perforation c Fig. 6,

are fitted in screw threaded openings inthe base plate 1", so that their perforations register with the ducts c. The openings for the plugs 12 are extended vertically, but of reduced diameter, into the vapor passages (l, and partially screw-threaded. Into these extended openings are screwed the jet nozzles 12, preferably so that the tips project into the ducts d, as shown in Fig. 6. The vapor ducts d are preferably inclined upward and inward, so that their outlets shall be substantially opposite, and provide for discharging streams of vapor into one another in the air mixing chamber and thus produce a more intimate and homogeneous mixture of hydrocarbon vapor and air, and therefore more perfect combustion in the engine. This efiects economy in the use of fuel liquid. In the outer ends of the ducts d are fitted the nozzles 13, the terminals of pipes 13 These pipes are branches of the return pipe 13, Figs. 1 and 4, which leads from the exhaust pipe X of engine W through a hollow screw plug a: which is connected by an enlarged opening at its outer end with pipe 13. In plug a: is fitted a muflier nozzle having perforations m,

and being of smaller diameter than pipe 13, so as to provide an annular space I between them. The exhaust gaseous products escape in a diffused condition through the perforations, so as to overcome the pulsations of the exhaust and cause a uniform flow of gases through the pipes 13, 13 to the discharge nozzles 13". This results in complete suppression of cracking noises in the carburetor.

The usual choke valve 14 is placed in the air inlet 2, and is connected by a crank arm 15, to which is pivotally connected an operating rod 16. A throttle valve 17 of the butterfly kind is secured by its stem 17 in the gas outlet pipe 3, adjacent to the mixing chamber. To one face of this valve is applied a flat electric resistance coil 18, having a current conductor 19 from a battery through the stem 17 and a terminal 19 to the ground. The conductors will be suitably insulated. The resistance coil may be. laid in and covered with a suitable cement 18. When the valve 17 is nearly closed across the pipe 3 its heater will be exposed to the mixing chamber so that gasoline which is sucked into said chamber in the starting operation will be thrown against the heated surface and instantly vaporized and the difficulty of starting an otherwise cold carburetor is overcome. The turning of the valve into the nearly closed position will switch on the current.

A cylinder 20, having a closing cap, rises centrally from the exterior casing of the carburetor and serves as a housing and guideway for a bell piston 21 which operates a needle valve 22 in the liquid fuel supply tube 5. The needle valve 22 is secured at its upper end by a pin a in an adjustable screw-plug 24 in the top of piston 21. A disc 1 at the top of the in- .terior carburetor body 1*, Fig. 2, and a sleeve 25, serve as guides for the needle valve, which extends down intothe feed tube 5. The bell shaped piston works over the interior body 1 down to the shoulder g, Figs. 3 and 6. One side of the cylinder wall may be thickened and provided with an exhaust or vacuum conduit 26, opening'into the cylinder above the piston 21 and into draws up piston 21 and the needle valve,

thereby opening the feed tube 5, permitting gasoline to be drawn into the mixing chamber. This flows or is thrown against the heater 18 and instantly vaporized and the vapor mixed with air making combustible gas which flows to the engine and is ignited. The engine having been started the electric current to the heater is out OK, and after this warm exhaust products, flowing through pipes 13 and their nozzles 13 will atomize the gasoline at the jet nozzles 12. This atomized liquid discharged in opposing streams through the vapor ducts d will cause a whirling motion, by means of which air will be intimately mixed with the vapors to form a homogenenous'mixture which will be wholly burned in the engine.

The bell valve 21 is made heavy enough to fall by gravity, so that the skirt part 21 may rest on the shoulder 9, but yet light enough to be readily raised by suction when a partial vacuum is created in the cylinder above, due to suction of the engine.

Having described my invention, What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s: Y

1. A carburetor having an exterior casing, an air inlet and a fuel outlet, a mixing chamber in said casing, opposed exhaust gas nozzles in said mixing chamber, and liquid fuel nozzles adjacent said exhaust gas nozzles, said casing having a depending portion, an adjustable liquid fuel tube in said depending portion, communicating with said liquid fuel nozzles, a needle valve in said adjustable fuel tube and means carried by said needle valve adapted to be operated by the suction of the motor foropening said valve.

2. A carburetor having an exterior casing, an air inlet and a fuel outlet, a mixing chamber in said casing, opposed exhaust gas rvzzles in said mixing chamber, and liquid ruel nozzles adjacent said exhaust gas nozzles, said casing having a depending portion, an adjustable liquid fuel tube in said depending portion, communicating with said liquid fuel nozzles, a piston in said exterior casing provided with a depending flange surrounding said mixing chamber, said casing having a conduit opening at one end above said piston and at the other end in 10 said fuel outlet, and a needle valve adjustably secured to said piston, and extending through said mixing chamber and into said adjustable liquid fuel tube.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

WILLIAM M. QUICK.

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