US1553444A - Oil burner for furnaces - Google Patents

Description

Spt. 15, 1925. 1,553,444

w. L. HIGGINS.

OIL BURNER FOR FURNACES Sept. 15, 1925.

W. L. HIGGINS OIL BURNER .FOR FURNACES Filed NQ V. 28, 1923 '2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 15, 1925.

UNITED STATES WILLIAM L. meern's, or BUFFALO, NEW You.

OIL BURNER FOR FURNACES.

'A'pplication filed November 2 8, 1923. Serial- No. 677,550.

To all whom it may concern.-

In order to Be it known that I, WILLIAM L. HIGGINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners for Furnaces, of which the following is a specificatio'n. v

The resent invention relates to an oil burner intended for heating'plants or furnaces, and is constructed so that it may be installed inold furnaces built for coal or other fuel as well as. in newly erected furnaces adapted for oil' fuel alone.

The main object of the invention is to provide a burner which automaticallyprepares the fuel mixture in the correct proportions and maintains the mixture in this condition durin the entire operation of th furnace.- The causes the oil to be vaporized and the steam generated by the heat in the combustion chamber, while air is'supplied by the furnace draft.

Another object of the invention is to furnish a pilot burner for starting thevaporization of the oil and th generation of steam, which pilot burner may be cut off as soon as the main burner is running properly by stopping the supply of-gas.

Another object of the invention is to insure the proper circulation of the water while being heated, thus preventing the formation of scales in the steam pipes, which ordinarily is very detrimental in the operation of similar devices, as the scale produced by water containing lime settles on the Walls of the coils clo ging the same and in a short while putting til-1e burner out of commission.

revent this, a small boiler-or head is attached to the steam coil in which the water is constantly agitated so that no settlement can take place of the lime on the walls of the boiler or the steam pipes.

Still another object of the invention to provide; small reservoir adjacent the nozzl of the oil supplying pipe, so that when the heat in the-furnace is lowered and no vaporization of the oil takes place, the oil will return to this reservoir which is preferabl so connected with a valve system for supp ying the oil, that the valves are automatically closed when the level of the oil reaches a certain height in the reservoir. This has the advantage over other similar devices that the interior of the furnace will urner after once started never be flooded with oil and the burner is kept clean and in perfect condition atall t mes. Such a valve system is described in my co-pending .application Serial No. 677,549, filed November 28, 1923.

In the accompanying drawings, one embogiment of the invention is illustrated; an

Figure 1 is a fragmentary vertical section of a furnace with the burner installed;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the burner with parts broken away;

gigurefi is a vertical section of the boiler; an

Figure 4 is a fragmentary side elevation thereof.

In the drawings, reference numeral 10 represents the lower part of a furnace, and reference numeral 11, the ash -pit thereof, above which the usual grates 12 are to be found. When installing this burner in furnaces originally intended for coal consumption, one or more of th grate bars 12 are removed and the burner inserted through the ash door and between the removed grate bars carried on a proper stand.

The stand consists of a base plate 13 carried on suitabl props or legs 14 extending to the bottom of the ash pit. On top of this base plate is secured a born 15 forming an air duct for the burner. This horn is secured between flanges 16 and 17 on the base plate and over an opening 18 in the plate, so that the atmospheric air is conducted through the upright shank 19 of the horn and carried downwardly by the bent upper end 20 of the horn, so that the air will be discharged through the mouth 21 of the horn directly. above the vapor *mixer 22. The air is sucked in through this Mom to replace the waste gas passing out through the chimney flue of the furnace so that no forced draft is needed. The vapor mixer 22 is built in the shape of an inverted truncated cone with thin side walls, and stands with its narrow neck 23- on the base plate 13, to which it is securely attached as by bolts 24. The wide mouth .of the vapor mixer is presented underneath the mouth 21 of the horn 15, and in axial alinement therewith so that the upwardly directed current of vapor from'the mixer 22 meets and intermingles with the downwardly directed air current from the horn about midway between the two.

@entraily in the neck 23 of the vapor mixer is upwardly. projecting, anozzle 25 carriedin the upper end of the reservoir 26 which is threaded in the base plate 13 and a the oil supply directly the oil reaches a cer boiler.

tain, predetermined level in the reservoir,

thereby preventing an overflow in the fur-- nace.

The boiler or steam generator 28 is placed adjacent the vapor mixer 22 and suitably secured 'on top of the base plate 13 by bolts 29 or the like. The axis of the boiler is preferably horizontal and the boilor is provided with a baflle plate 31, see particularly Figure 3, which is preferably made integral with the head plate 32, closing one end of the boiler. This baflie plate 31 is somewhat narrower than the inner diameter of the boiler and its inner end is placed a short distance from the adjacent end of the vided on three sides of theplate which is placed horizontally in the boiler." A water supply pipe 33 enters the boiler at one end thereof in its bottom, and this water pipe connects with a water tank provided with suitable) valves for regulating the amount of water furnished the boiler. Such valve arrangement is disclosed in my above named copending application, Serial No. 677 ,549. Even in this case, the arrangement is made so that when the water reaches a certain predetermined height in the boiler, the valves are automatically closed, thus stopping the supply'and preventing the flooding of the interior of the furnace. The steam pipe 34 is secured in the top of the boiler and provided with a number of coils 35 which are situated between the mouths of the horn 15 and the vapor mixer 22, as best seen in Figures 1 and 2. The axis of the coils is concentric with the axis of the vapor mixer 22 and preferably of greater diameter than the mouth of the same, or approximately of the same interior diameter as the mouth 21 of the horn 15. The lowermost coil has a downwardly extendingportion 36 which enters the vapor mixer 22 at the neck thereof, so that the steam meets the current of vaporized oil' directly over 5 the nozzle 25, as seen in Figure 1.

On the side of the boiler 28 facing the va po-r mixer 22 are situated a series of corrugated heating plates or radiating webs 37. Directly below these radiating webs is situated a small pilot burner 38, to which gas In this manner, passages are pro-' through the bottom of the base plate 13,

and a similar pilot burner 42 is furnished to heat the reservoir 26.

In order to prevent air from entering through the ash pit into the combustion chamber of the furnace 10, except through the horn 15, an asbestos orsimilar fireproof lining 40 is placed around the base plate 13 over the grate bars 12 and reaching over to the side of the furnace 12, as indicated in en operating the burner, the valves Webs 37, which is communicated both to the boiler 28 and the vapor mixer 22. After a short while, steam is generated in the boiler and carried into the vapor mixer 22 while at the same time, the oil in the reservoir 26 commences-to vaporize. The oil vapor and the steam intermingle in the vapor mixer 22- and then ascend together to meet the descending air from the mouth 21 of the horn 15 and this fuel mixture is then ignited from the flame of thepilot burner 38, whereuponthe combustion takes place and the interior of the furnace 10 is heated.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is;

1. An oil burner for a combustion chamber comprising a base forming the bottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base connected with an oil supply, an

oil vaporizer, means for mixing the fuel vapors including an inverted hollow cone ber comprising a base forming the bottom .1

of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base, a reservoir to which thenozzle is a-ttache'd, said reservoir being connected with an oil supply and constituting a vaporizer,

means for mixing the fuel vapors including an inverted hollow cone with a thin side wall, a steam pipe opening adjacent said nozzle in said side wall, and a duct adapted to discharge atmospheric air to mingle with the steam and vaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mixture.

3. An oil burner for a combustion chamber comprising a base forming the bottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base connected with an oil supply, an oilvaporizer, means for mixing the fuel vapors including a hollow member surrounding said nozzle, a steam pipe opening ad acent said nozzle in said hollow member, and a duct adapted to discharge atmospheric air is supplied-through the pipe 39 entering to mingle with thesteam-and vaporized oil supply. 7

4. An oil burner for a combustion Cl1L1Ilber comprising a base forming the bottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base connected with an oil supply,-an oil vaporizer, means for mixing the fuel vapors including a hollow member surrounding said nozzle, a steam pipe opening adjacent said nozzle in said hollow member, and a duct adapted to discharge atmospheric air to mingle with the steam and vaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mixture a steam generator positioned adjacent said member on said base and carrying said steam pipe and suitably connected with a water supply said steam generator including a boiler, and a horizontal bathe in the boiler.

I 5. An oil burner for acombustion chamber comprising a base forming the bottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base connected with an oil supply, an oil vaporizer adjacentthe nozzle, means for mixing the fuel vapors including a hollow member surrounding said nozzle, a steam pipe opening adjacent said nozzle in said hollow member, and a duct adapted to discharge atmos pheric air to mingle with the steam and vaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mixture; a steam generator positioned adjacent said member'on said base and carrying said steam pipe and suitably connected with a water supply; said steam generator includ ing a boiler, a horizontal baflie in the boiler, and radiator webs on said boiler extending towards said hollow member.

6. An oil burner for a combustion chamber comprising a base forming the bottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base connected with an oil supply, an oil vaporizer adjacent the nozzle, means for mixing the fuel vapors including an inverted hollowcone with a thin side wall, a

I steam pipe opening adjacQit said nozzle in said side wall, and a-duct adapted to discharge atmospheric air to mingle with the steam and vaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mixture; a steam generator ositioned adjacent said cone on said base an carrying said steam pipe and suitably connected with a water supply; said steam generator in-' cluding a boiler, a horizontal ba-file in the boiler, and radiator webs on said boiler ex tending towards said hollow cone.

7. An'oil burner for a combustion cham-' ber comprising a base forming the bottomof the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said for mixing the fuel vapors includlng an inverted hollow cone with a thin side wall, a steam pipe opening adjacent said nozzle in said side wall, and a duct adapted to discharge atmospheric air to mingle with the steam and vaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mixture; a steam generator positioned aljacent said cone on said base and carrying said steam pipe and suit-ably connected with a water supply; said steam generator including a boiler, a horizontal bafile in the boiler, radiator webs on said boiler extending towards said hollow cone, and a pilot burner for said radiator webs.

8. An oil burner for a combustion chambercomprising a base forming thebottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base, a reservoir connected with an oil supply and adapted to vaporize the oil passing through the nozzle, means for mixing the.

fuel vapors including an inverted hollow cone with a thin side wall, a steam p-ipe opening adjacent said nozzle in said side wall, and a duct adapted to discharge atmospheric air to mingle with the steam and vaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mixture; a steam generator positioned adjacent said cone on said base and carrying said steam pipe and suitably connected with a Water supply; said steam generator including a boiler, a horizontal bafile in the boiler, radiator webs on said boiler extending tovply, and adapted to vaporize the oilpassing through the nozzle, means for mixing the fuel vapors including a, hollow member sur-. rounding said nozzle, a steam pipe opening adjacent said nozzle in said hollow member, and a duct adapted to discharge atmospheric air to mingle with the steam and vaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mix-. ture; a steam generator. positioned adjacent said member on sa'idbaseand carrying said steam pipe andsuitably connected with a water supply; said steam pipekhaving coils arranged concentrically around the axis of said hollow member and said duct including a horn placed over an op'enin provided in said base and terminating wit a mouth opening over said coils.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature WILLIAM L. HIGGINS.

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