US1539557A - Oscillation-deadening device - Google Patents

Description

May 26, 1925.

L A. GiRARD OSCILLA'I ION DEADENING DEVICE Filed April 27, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 1,539,557.. L. A. GERARD OSGILLATION DEADENING DEVICE Filed April 27, 1921. a sheets sheet 2 r mentor [.44. Gala/rd L. A. GlRARD 0S CILLATION DEADENING DEVICE Filed April 27, 1921 5 Shets-Sheet 5 I171) ell/$0 G lizuaz'dy May 26,1925.

5... A. GIRARD OSCILLATION DEADENING DEVICE 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet Filed Apr May 26, 1925. ggg g I Y L. A. GIRARD OSCILLATION DEADENING DEVICE Filed Apri1 27, 192 s Sheets-$heet 5 n ii; aim fl 43$ iii wal a @SCELLATEUN-DEADENINE Application filed April 27, 1923.. Serial No. 3%,9 353.

To all whom 5257 72611] concern:

Be it known that LLoms Agl-IXANDRE GIRARD, a citizen of the French Fcepublzc,

and a resident of the city of Paris, France;

I from the non-suepemie l part an i from posifiion, in which ere is bhen juxtaposi" oii of constant o i progressive or: in-g or solely which is an iin'pio'veinei'it the deadening device forming the sub ject-matter of French Patent No. 514,770

defied 30527. April 1920, is essentially chamcterized by a chamber fiileci with a suitable liqnii, oil, glycerine, etc, divided 11 two compartments by a movable forced, through a' suitable opera" vice, reproduce, according to iieter mined law, the relative displacement of islie suspended part of the vehicle and 01': me

ROKl-SUFPQIHlU/i part. These two compacimeme communicate with illllliilfi? constant volume chambeig also filled with liquid, forming p chamber permitting the 4 liquid issuing from the which diminishes in volume,

compartmentin'lco 'i'iiait which increases in volume. The two conipm-imeiiis eliminbei' and p chamber are connected by ffilifillh es, arranged in a siiimi'iie 11121211161 z'cleftii'eiy "to the zone of :iisplacemen of the movable partition, and. of which are ve Omicliquid.

. aviiment we chi;

' "r shut to the atmosphere,

:i designates the pal 'ije chamber and Z the 5 mgpireied i) die seetioii of commieiiication of (:01 1pm ieble volume will i'tlie she-111i.)- ll.

rovided more for periitiimiii the passage the liquid. only from X to and froze X to Z and. tiifijil direction only.

Qoiisequently, ike. eyele effected by the iiquid is the following: if iiie mo' lebie pairti 'tion moves, for instance, in such direction that the compertmen: "I iiin'iii'iisiios, the liquid driven from this compartment passes through *L'he permanent orifices, eross section of Wiiiih decreases in PIOIJQL'L on to the displacement oi the partition, into the chamber X by progressivel i" braking" the n'iovement of the pm'fiitioii; as the liquid passes "from the compartment, Y into the chamber X, the same quantity of liquid psi: ,ee from the chamber K into the coinpsirtmeiit TI, on one hand through the permanent communication orifices, on the other hand through the orifice which permits Hie passage in that direction only. When the reverse inevenient of atti iiion takes pizic-e. lie (iiiquit (iiuCii efi by the liquid is effected in the conditions, buii IQVQISQLV, I

The permanent orifices may, moreover, lie combinerl in. such a manner that the move mentsoi? the movabie partition are subjected to a (liii'erent braking action according to the ciii'fic'tioim The purpose of the oz'ifises provided Wit-in "iembeis permitting the passage of the liquid only in m the chamber X into the eompa'ccmencs, is to ensure the progressive Making; in both directions.

in bile a property of these iii-me increases a in v in the chamber X, pressure which may be ill null. As is obvious this chamber is to be about the stufiing-box or stuiiingensuring the tightness of the appa.

ratus.

In the portion of the device where the movement of the movable partition takes place, correspondin to the fall of the nonsuspcnded part of t is vehicle 311 a hollowof the road, an orifice may be prov ded wlnch ensures the direct communication between the variable volume compartments, for the f d' 'h'. the bra-kin of the purpose mums mg g when the piston reaches the piston a.

movement in that portion of the stroke. A Another improvement consists in dividing the circular casing of the-,apparatusmto two parts by a fixed'diametrlcal partition and in arranging in these parts two addles in alignment with each other, so hat the apparatus is double andfprmedof two symmetrical parts, this having the advantage of balancing the stresses in a me 0 pre-- cise manner and of doubling the u'sefu efl'ect without increasing the dimens ons of the ap. liratus.

n the. accompanying drawmgggrven by illustrating the. principle of therinvention.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of one' form .of

the imprpved device wtith the cover removed.

3 Fig. 3 1s a sectional view of the same taken en line 3 3 of Fig. 2.

Fig.4" is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

. N Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line is employed.

Fig. 6 ='s a reduced view partly on section,

illustrating, the manner-in whichthe device Figs. Tend at right angles to one another, of a -modification.

Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating the principle as employed in the duplex system.

, Fig. 10 is a front view w th the cdver removed, of a duplex device. .1 is a sectional'view taken on line 1'1 1 o Fig. 10.

Fig. i2=is another front view of the duplex device with the separating plate removed;

Fig. 13 is a front view of the separating I plate which divides thechambers of variable volume from the chamber having a constant volume.

-14--l4 of Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a side view of the fixed parti ,tion or Fig. 14 is a sectional view taken on line,

ming part of the duplex device. Fig. 16 a sectional view taken on line 1616 of Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a plan view of the double paddle forming part of the duplex device.

Referring to Fig. i, it will be seen that Fig. 1 is a diagram- Jrliquid passes S are; vertical sectional views the three chambers or compartment-s X, w

. Y, Z are formed, for instance, in a box a, divided by a fixed partition I) and having a movable partition or piston o. The two compartments Y and Z are in communication with the chamber X through a narrow port (13, along which moves the piston c. The compartments Y and Z are in communication with the chamber X through orifices e, f providedwith flap-valves 'g, h opening towards Y and Z. The three chambers or com artments are completely filled with liquid and shut to the atmosphere, as above stated. The compartments Y and Z are in direct communication through a passage 2' The operation is as follows:

The piston a being. forced to reproduce the relative movements of the; suspended part and of the non-suspended part, this piston moves sometimes in the direction of the arrow' f; sometimes in the direction of the arrow f. The control device is such that when a shock causes the spring to yield, this piston moves in the direction of the arrow f, the llllld is compressed in the compartment the pressure closes the flap-valve g and forces the liquid to pass in'the chamber K through the portion of the port 03 in front of the piston.

' The extent of this portion of the port diminishes in proportion to the displacement of the piston, so that the value of the breaking action. progressively increases up to the infinite, when the piston reaches the limit position 0 From the constant volume chamber X the into the compartment Z through the orifice f and the flap-valve k which it. opens since the chamber X was already full of liquid and that the increase in volume of the compartment Z exactly corresponds to the diminution in volume of the compartment Y.

In the movement in reverse direction of the partition (arrow f), whichcorresponds to thc-reboluul. the liquid compressed in the compartment Z closes the flap-valve It. passes through the port d into the chamber X full of liquid and from this chamber returns in the comparhnent Y through the orifice c by opening the flup-valve The extent of the port permitting the issue oi'pthe liquid from the unnpartmcnt Z diminishes in proportion to the movement so that, during the rebound as well .as during the yielding, the braking is progressive.

When the non-Hus cudcd mrl ol the \oi compartment Y and following the circuit indicated until the piston c is opposite the passage 5; at this moment, the liquid passes 1' to U m limit Qi'if/ Th0 "re- L1 ith z iifluid hei braked hm d he expansion of the i {Z cross x the fiexion on passage 2 more heavy th'v vehicle loaded, the z-eaoer the 'esistnnvv hr the rebound, and, the iess is it necessary tn 131g Of interpnse accessc-ry devices in moderate it, as

W W01 rhiiiug above set Em-ch in result No. 5. These 0xm mgwni ui' pianationsalso relate t0 result No. 6 while the an'cmtif, is behaved that result No; 7 is self-explanatory, v

the form of construction illustrated in as 2 to 6, the apparatus is constituted round box or casing a closed by a hnimm j. The fixed partition 7) esente by a disc separating 'thv cham- "zonmthe twa comparh'z'z'ents Y and Pi ton c-r mn-vabi-e partition separating l} two compartmenfs Y Z is a vane c integ m] iifiilS a? on winch 151' also sea cared. a is e- L (F 1g. 6} connected by a gmove m and a joint 971 to the suspension .iha compartmenis Y, Z are: separated :fhe aha? hand h a fixed oar'iiiti n B91309; is formal in a specmi manner. in the mm; etiga Q7? the bottom j (Fig, 3) 1s circular roove in which fitted in :"is ring; are forme notches r1,

1.. ahead in Simiiar finishes 2* are formed iii the batten; j, be- 19 wall n.

' g; can. rota to came boh series of matches come-151e, 01' c0 chspiace thflm more (yr-that purpose the sand ring 1s ,+1 .1 3TH; dr

-. 10ml 7; (i1 5. an o) i in which. a" .1 "13$ 0;. a rod t'carrying a small opert E37 acting on this lever the 1s moved in. my: Eiirection or ihe other of the 1121; me desired, reiative positisn notches g and; 'r is determined,

3n the stile! hand in the disc Z; is formed grsov u 5 according to an are f cimie, as shown in 2, and Reading orifice 11 opening in ihe chamber X. X the, wail 'n, is also provided a gmow z' and 3 which ceriwsponcis to the '2? 0? the diagmm. I 1" in the Wall of the disc 7) are passages F; v ('zmsinp; the chamber mmpartnwnt Y to mmmunicate. ,7 71 are L provided with 2:31am; the filling up of the 21p iilni to that :leacribeci' he siispen .e W220 moves in abcut its axis in its an egcent-ric pin 5 formthe resistance becomes infinite.

the direction f. The liquid compressed a tcovered by the vane c, at the same time as the number of grooves ensuring the passage of the oil diminishes. It results therefrom that the resistance increases and that the braking is progressive. At the end of the movement, all the passages are closed and However, for avoiding, hammer strokes, the orifices e" have been provided, which offer a small passage to the oil at the end of the movement.

When the rebound of the spring takes place, the'vane 0 moves in the direction The resistance is small at the beginning, as all the notches g r serve for the passage or the oil. Their number diminishes also and there is again progressive braking.

When the non-suspended part of the vehicle falls in a hollow of the road. that is to say at the time the vane comes opposite the groove i, there is juxtaposition of progressive braking and of constant braking as above set forth.

I described.

The oil which passes through the notches g 1' in both directions of movement is collected in the header u from which it passes, through the orifice u, into the chamber X.

' The valves ghoperate exactly as already described.

It will be noted that, it the vehicle is more than normally loaded. the spring comes nearer the vehicle, the link m slightly rises (Fig. 6) and the vane moves slightly towards the left (Fig. 2). from, as will be easily understood, that in thiscase the braking" is more energetic, the oil passages being diminished from the beginning. It will also be noted that the orifices o and '0 do not come in action when the rebound takes place, as said openings are covered at the beginning of the rebound.

The braking of the rebound is so'much the more energetic as the load is smaller.

In the modification of Figs. 7 and 8, the chambers Y-and Z communicate with an intermediate chamber XV through a slot this chamber communicates with the chamber X through a series of. holes'u The operation is similar to that already In this case, it is the passage of the liquid through the slot which pro- (lures the braking.

In Fig. 9, the device is double, two pistons c and o) are connected by a rod 0 which passes through the partition K and is connected to the axle of the vehicle. The valves 9, h are arranged in the pipes e and f connecting the chambers Y and Y and "at diametrically opposite points.

It results thereas In this case grooves 2' Referring now specifically? to Figs. 10 to 17 inclusive. the casing j is divided into two chambers by a fixed partition 1, shown in detail in Figs. 15 and 16. This partition is of special shape and contains the housings for the valves 9, h, g and h It is provided with a rib 2 fitting in a corresponding groove in the base of the casing, and acting a key. Cylindrical keys 3 and 4.- fit partly in the ends of the partition 1 and partly in the casing j, to aidin securing the partition in position. This arrangement positively fixes the partition in the casing and prevents. leakage of the fluid past the partition. 1 V

A partitionjb, shown in detail in Fi s. 12 and 14:, is connected by a screw 27 to tie cylindrical key 3 to prevent the partition I) from turning. p

The piston or paddle 0 0 is duplex in this instanceand is shown in detail in Fig. 17. The intermediate portion of this piston fits in a slot formed in a fork 6 arranged at the end of the shaft in, as shown in Fig. 11. This paddle is centered on the shaft, by means of the sidewalls of the recess 8,

which engage thcouter surface of the shnft,..

In order toprevent the paddle c, c from dis connecting from the fork 6, 2. 11001110 may be passed around the shaft and a screw 9 may be inserted through the: shaft, or either oneof these may be used alone for this purpose. a

The treaded cover a of the casing, which locks the partition Z) on the damper body or casing j, is provided at its inner end with a COIIICflI bOIB 11 which bears against a pack- 1H9} ring 12 made of India rubber or cork.

' The conical shape of the bore facilitates the compression of the packing.

The ackin of the inner stuliin" box is,

constituted by one or more rings 13, made of cork, which are compressed when the a cover a-is screwed into position. vOwing to this arrangement a' tight joint may be made about the shaft Z: and at the inner end of the cover. Neit'her' packing 1.3 or 12 prevents the clamping of the partitionl The packing is of the outer stufiing box is constituting in the same way by oneor more rings, of cork or the like, compressed by a nut 15 and fitted in grooves 16in the shaft-k, so as to insure a tight joint at this location.

- The above arrangements are givenby way of example only; the forms, dimensions, ma-

90 with 5" f pertinent.

2. In e shock u owrber, a. chamber filled with liquid. a movable partition dividing this chamber into two compartments of Va riable volume. ports ooverecl and uncovered by the movable partition, a constant volume chamher into which. said ports valves controlling communication hetween the con stant volume chamber and the two con pertments, on e passageway cooperating (l 1.. par ition to provide a constant, Outfl w when the partition registers with said passageway.

3. In a. shock absorber. chamber filled with liquid. a movable part tion dividing said. chamber into two compartments of variable olume. openings arranged in said partition and progressively covered and uncovered by the movable partition. av constant volume chamber to receive liquid passing througghsaid openings. and valves for controlling; the passage of liquid between the constant volume chamber and the two compartments.

4;. in a shock absorber. a ehamher filled with liquid. a movable partition dividing this chamber into two compartments. two openings covered .01 uncovered by the movable partition. a. constant volume chamber receiving liquid through said openings, a. partition separatingthe two compartments from the constant, volume chamber, and

.u arranged in the last mentioned partition JP permitting the passage 0'5 liquid From tho constant volume chamber into each variable volume compartment.

5. In a shock absor er, a cylindrical chem? her filled with liquid. a, stationary partition zn'ranc'cd in said chamber and dividing the some into constant volume chamber and movable partition chamber, 51 mo able part tion rotatably mounted in the movable partition chamber and dividing the latter int two compartments of variable volume, ports arranged in the stationary partition.

and covered and uncovered by the movable partition. and a passageway cooperating ivith Ffllrl movable partition and capable of a a constant outflow section when wizble partition registers with said one of said con'ipartn'ients and dividing the adapted to flow from the variable volui'nc some into two variable volume chambers, ports arranged in the stationary partition and covered and uncovered by said vane, and valves arranged in said partition for controlling the movement of liquid from the compartment in which the vane is mounted into the other cornpertinent,v I

7. A shock absorbing apparatus including a cylindrical chamber. a rotatable vane dividing said chamber into two compartments of variable volume, a constant volume chamber juxtaposed to the said cylindrical chamher, radial notches through which fluid is compartments to the constant volume chamber, means for varying the E'IZB'Ol. these notches, and valve controlled openings for regulating the passage of fluid from the con stant volume chamber to the two col'npartments and vice versa.

S. In a shock absorber, a-cylindrical cham her, a rotatable vane dividing said chamber into two compartments of: variable volume. a constant volume chamber juxtaposed "co the said cyliudrir-zil chau'iber, a stationary partition separating the constant volume chamber from the two compartments, radial not hes through which fluid is adapted to flow from said compartmcnts to said constant volume chamber. a ring provided with corresponding notches to cooperate with the other notches, means for adjusting said ring to shift the notches of the ring relatively to the other notches, and valves arranged in said partition for controlling the passage of fluid from the constant volume chamber into said compartments and woe \QlSfi.

9. In an oscillating shock absorber. n r lindrical chamber, a rotatable vane dividing it into two compartments, a constant volume chamber juxtaposed to the said cylindrical chamber. a partition separating said chainhers, radial notches adapted to serve as bralo ing orifices between the chambers and arranged in two concentric rows, a rotary-ring in Whiclfone of these rows of notches is formed means for adjusting said ring for varying the section of the notches, and valves arranged in said partition for com trolling the flow of liquid from the constant volume chamber into said compel sweet.

10. A shock absorbing apparatus including a cylindrical chamber, a rotatable vane dividing said chamber mtotwo compartmeets, a constant volume chamber juxtw. posed to the said cylindrical chamber, a partition dividing said chambers, radial notches to serve as braking orificee 'ar concentric rows endodayted to permit the passage of fluid from said compartments into said constant volume chamber, a rotary ring in which one of said rows of notches is formed, means for rotating said ring from the exterior of the opparatus in order to vary the section of said notches, and valves arranged in said partition for controlling the passage of fluid from the constant volume chamber into the said compartments. 1 v

11, In a. shock absorber, a chamber filled with liquid, a movable partition dividing said chamber into two compartments having a variable volume, openings covered and uncovered by said movable partition, a constant volume chamber into which these openings empty, valves formed in the par- 'tition separating the constant volume charm her from each of the variable volume charm hers, and means to impart to the movable partition movements correspondingto the relative movements of the suspended portion and of the unsuspended portion of the vehicle.

12. In a vibration shock absorber, a chamber filled with liquid, a movable partition dividing said chamber into two compart- .ments of variable volume, openings covered and uncovered by the movable partition, some forming a circular row at the periph cry of the variable volume chambers, others V provided in the Wall separating the constant volumechamber and the variable'volume chambers, a constant volume chamber into which these openings empty, valves formed in the artition separating the constant volume c amber from each variable volume' chamber. I l v 1 13. In a shock absorber a cylindrical chamber, a rotating blade dividing it intotwo compartments, a constant volume chamberadjacent to the preceding, radial notches intended to serve as brake openings arranged in two concentric rows variable in to each other, one of position with res ect the rows being ormed, in a rotor ring,

valves between the constant volume 0 amber and the two compartments, a rotating shaft, an eccentric plug engaged ring to permit of rotating the letter. i

14, In a shock absorber, several tightly closed chambers filled with liquid, a movable partition dividing and of these chambers into .h'vo variable volume compartments, 0penings covered and uncovered by the movable partition, a constant volume chamber intowhich these openings empty, valves formed in the partition separating the constant VOL ume chamber from each variable volume chamber. 7

The foregoing specification of my oscillatio I deadening device signed by me this 5 Mt day of April 1921. v, I

J LOUIS ALEXANDREGIRARD.

in a. slot of the

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