US1539478A - Centrifugal process and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

May 26, 1925. 1,539,478

C. G. HAWLEY CENTRIFUGAL PROCESS AND APPARATUS Filed Nov. 28, 1924 To all whom it may have invented certain new tion on the line details showing Patented May 26, 1925.

CHARLES GILBERT HAWLEY, OF

TES

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO CENTRIFIX CORPORATION, OF- CLEVELAND, OHIO, A' CORPORATION OF BELAWABE.

CENTRIFUGAL PROCESS AND APPARATUS.

Application filed November 28, 1924. Serial No. 752;?17.

Be it known that 1, CHARLES GILBERT HAWLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, Cook County, Illinois,

and useful Improvements Entitled Centrifugal Processes and Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

- Though the applicable in apparatus herein disclosedjs numerous. industries and to various uses, this invention is primarily (llrected toward the purification of steam and like fluids and vapors before their release from the drums or chambers wherein the same are generated or This invention is a upon that disclosed by application S. 1 924.

stored. distinct improvement Joseph M. Schutz in N. 690,861 filed February 5,

The purpose of the invention is to carry forward and. render more certain of operation the Schutz centrifugal The paratus.

of the invention are My .invention will on reference to the drawin of this specification and the novel apparatus installed illustrates process and apfurther and definite objects detailed hereinafter.

be readily understood s that form part in which Fig. 1

within the upper part of a pressure drum devoted to the generation of steam or the like. Fig. 2 is a plan view partly in section on the line of the apparatus 2 and partly on the line 2 of Fig 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical sec- 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 illustrates a modified arrangement of the protecting guard, but

5 is a plan View resembling Fig. 2, but taken is otherwise like Fig. 3. Fig.

from Fig. Bland. Figs. 6 and 7 are enlarged the means for positioning the side platescomposing the guard.

Referring to Fig, sure drum, 2 the i outlet opening and 1 the nozzle proper.

quid level therein, 3 the will be undersood that the off-take pipe is connected with the nozzle 4. But for the presence of the novel apparatus comprising this invention,

chamber 5could 4'. Instead, this composed of parts the fluid or vapor leavlng the pass directly to the nozzle novel apparatus, though all of whichare stationary, subjects the escaping fluid to a rapid whirling; action,

stances and discharge d centrifugally. In its best 1, 1 represents the presthe ring SXis a with the result that all subeavier than the fluid are separated form the apparatus comprises the top castis open at the bottom B, as illustrated by Figs. 4 and 5.

The top casting 6 has an upright portion 6, which meets the top of the drum 1, the same surrounding the outlet 3. It also has the oppositely'extending arms 6 matching the bolts 11, by which the apparatus Whole is supported from the top or roof of the drum 1. The body portion of the cast- 1ng 6 is circular except for the presence of the arms 6 for the bolts 9. The casting contains the central opening 6 same size as the drumoutlet 3.

The tuyere ring as here shown comprises a top ring 8 and a larger bottom ring 8, joined by a plurality of vertical, tangentially positioned blades or vanes 8, best shown in Figs. 2 and 3. These parts may be integral, as though formed by a single casting or forging, or may comprise assembled cast or forged sections. However formed, the tuyere ring is characterized by a generally cylindrical shape and by a bottom ring or portion8", which contains a central opening of the same or slightly greater size than the interior of the body or bladed portion of the tuyere ring. The upper part of the tuyere ring in every case is larger than the outlet opening 6, moonsequence of which the member 6 presents the t let 7 is a portion of the bottom casting 7.

Into this I cast the pipe nipple 7, the latter virtually an integral part 0 member 7. The portion 8 may be integki'al with the upper margin of the bowl 7, ut preferably 'the'parts are distinct. ..That is, separate member and is seated onan annular shoulder 7 provided therefor in the top of the bowl member 7.

to this invention,

In every Ioase, according the bowl is of so much eater diameter than the tuyere ringas to making of about the f the eave the underhang and 1010.

ing annular shoulder 8"" and centrifugal expan'sion s ace 7, the latter comprising the periphera portion of the bowl lying beneath the bottom of the tuyere ring. This centrifugal expansion spaceis of great importance as will presently appear.

The bowl 7 is characterized by a horizontal marginal extension 7 of polygonal, preferably square, shape. It is ,only substantially square, the edge being cambered, as clear y shown in Fig. 2, for a purpose about to be defined. The lower ends of the bolts 9 pass through this marginal or square extension at the top of the bowl.

As shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, at the middle points the edges of the part 7 contain projections 7. These serve to position and directly support the four plates 1010 These rise from the square bottom 7' and therewith provide the tuyere ring with an enclosure which is open only at the top A. The vertical mar ins of the plates are held together by a plurality of short bolts'lO. The top'of the guard bein flanged, is quite square. At the bottom the plates are sprung inward around the cambered edges of the. part 7, thus insuring tight joints. vAll joints of the hood or guard may be additionally packed if desired, though it is not necessary that they be actuallv water-tight.

The description of Figs. 1,2 and 3 serves 1,

quite as well for Figs. 4 and 5, except that the top casting vided with the square web or portion 7".

or as the guard 10 in that case is open at the bottom B the top of the guard or hood must needs be closed, as by a The bottom member or bowl 7 circular at the top except for of the lugs 7 for the bolts 9. r

Special attention is called to the blades composing the body of the tangential tuyere ring, Their leading ends meet radii from obviously is the presence the axis of the ring and the blades are at right angles thereto, and hence truly tan entia a acute angles to the radii with no worse They may. be positioned at slig effect than a slight elongation of the tuyere Anything approaching an obtuse angled arrangement is objectionable as such arrangementsmark distinct loss of efliciency. Due

to the'de'scribed arrangement the fluid enter- 'mternal centrifugal surface of the l the blades.

arranging the blades in overlapping relation ing the tuyere ring is caused to impact surfaces which are tangential to the imaginary tu ere ring; Asia result, the first action which oc.- cursis an impact separation of the heavier particlescarried by the fluid and. they are left or retained 'upon the inner surfaces of This effect is augmented by as shown in Fi 2. V e main efl'ect is nevertheless persistently retained in a blade construction like that in Fig. 5. .The

is the portion which is prob P n thence escapes through the openings 6", 3 1

tly

ring.

perpendicular to, which the fluid tuyere structure of Fig. 2 forms and directs streams of fluid upon the tangentially inner surfaces of the tu ere blades.

The fluid enterlng the tu ere ring under pressure greater than that beyond the outlet 3 is limited by the wall of tangentlal blades and hence the-stream as a whole takes on a rapid whirling motion within the tuyere ring. In consequence the impact collected substances are retained on the inner surfaces oithe blades and tend to whirl along with the whirling body of fluid. Due to the presence of the annular abutment 6, the immediate escapeof the fluid at, the opening 3 is prevented, and in consequence a downward movement is instituted there being a distinct downward cork-screw like motion withinthe tuyere ring which serves to deliver the-collected substances into the bowl 7. The secret of success here lies in the annular expansibn space 7*, into which the collected substances are; whirled. There, hidden or shielded from g the main whirling flow of fluid, the collected substances, whether fluid or solids, are retained in separated condition and are whirlingly advanced to the By means of a ipe 12, the substances are either discharged into the body of fluid in the drum 1 or are discharged through the shell of the drum and thencetaken care of y a collection ocket or an automatic discharge trap. I- I urden of impurities or heavier substances, the whirling fluid within the tuyere rin reacts against the bottom of the bowl 7 and whirls upwardly at the axis of the bowl and and 4. i In considering the above description of my novel rocessit will be understood eitherthat the uid is constantly supplied to the drum 1 or is generated or evolved therein, so that the stream of fluid may be as flowing constantly through the tuyeres of the apparatus and'through the outlet openings.

While ,the tuyere ring proper has been herein described in considerable detail, it is not intended to herein specifically claim that ex'pandingly.

discharge nozzle 7".

aving been ridded of its considered structure aside from the remainder of the Having thus described my invention, I

0131111 33 newand desire to secure by Letters Patent V 1. The herein described centrifugal process that consists in' setting up within a flowing strealrf action in a region coaxial with and in direct axial communication with, but substantially stances and expelling them peripherally outthe outlet passage toward of fluid a localized whirling ward by centrifugal force, discharging them peripherally, and, finally permitting the ,inward reaction and escape of the purified fluid toward and along the extended axis of the outlet.

2. The herein described centrifugal fluid purifying device comprising a topmer'nber containing a central outlet in combination with a larger and generally tangential tuyere ring depending from said member, and, a still larger bowl member depending from said tuyere ring and characterized by an underhanging portion 8"", and said bowl portion having a peripheral discharge open- 3.. The herein described device comprising top and bottom members and an interposed tuyere ring, one of said members having a polygonal extension or web and a hood or 20 guard comprising said web and a plurality of side sheets attached to respective edges of said web.

4:. The herein described centrifugal fluid purifying device comprising a flat member containing a central fluid outlet, in combination with a larger and generally tangential tuyre ring extending axially from said member and in axial alignment with said outlet, a still larger bowl member attached to the free end of said. tuyere ring and characterized by an underhanging portion 8, a fluid container enclosing said ring and bowl to direct the fluid into said ring, and, said bowl member having a peripheral discharge opening leading through the'wall of said container.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand ths 241th day of Novemberf CHARLES GILBERT HAWLEY.

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