US1537624A - Hoist - Google Patents

Description

W. E. SIMPSON May 12, 1925.

HOIST Filed Sept. 10, 1920 4 Sheets-Shet 1 gwua'ntoz 1451mm- Z. im /w W W PMQW May 12, 1925. 1,537,624 W. E. SIMPSON HOIST Filed Sept. 10, 1920 '4 She ets-Sheet 3 May 12, 1925.

w. E. SIMPSON HOIST Filed Sept. 10, 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Elwoentom 7/228 z'amlfimpsan Gil Patented May 12, 1925.

UNETED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

WILLIAINI E. SIMPSON, OF HIGHLAND PARK, MICHIGAN.

Application filed September 10, 1920.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, l/VILLIAM E. SIMrsoN, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Highland Park, in the county of lVayne and State'of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hoists, of which the follow ing is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

The invention relates to hoists and is particularly adapted for use in cranes and the like in which the hoists are operated by electric motor or by any suitable form of fluid pressure motor. One of the objects of the invention is to provide a simple and effective brake for controlling the movements of the'load and maintaining the same in suspension when the motive power is cut olf. Another object is the provision of means auton'iatically actuating the brake to govern the rate of speed of the motor and further the provision of means for normally actuating the brake, which is adapted to be manually released when the motive power is supplied and au-ton'iatioally applied when the motive power is cut off. Still another object is the provision of means for securing the circulation of air around the braking elements for cooling the same. Still further objects of the invention reside in the novel arrangements and combinations of parts as more fully hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a hoist embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a sectional plan view thereof;

Figures 3, 4L, 5 and 6 are cross sections respectively on the lines 33, 41-4, 5-5 and (3-43 of Figure 2;

Figure 7 is an elevation showing a portion of the manually operable mechanism, for releasing the brake;

Figures 8, 9 and 10 are central sections through the control mechanism, showing the parts in different adjusted positions.

Figure 11 is an enlarged sectional view through the casing and mechanism to the right of the planetary gearing illustrated in Figure 2.

As shown, par icularly in Figures 1, 2 and 3 the main frame of the hoist comprises a pair of semi-cylindrical housings 1 and 2 secured to each other on the vertical central line of the hoist, as by the bolts 3, the upper adjoining edges of these housings being suitably secured to the hook 4%, by which the Serial No. 409,435.

hoist is suspended. 5 and 6 are circular diaphragms at the outer ends of the housings 1 and 2, having the hollow bosses 7, in which is j ournaled the hollow hoist drum shaft 8. 9 is a motor housing suitably sccured to the circular diaphragm 5 as by means of the studs 10. 11 is a housing suitably secured to the circular diaphragm 6 as by means of the bolts 12.

13 is a hoist drum having its external peripheral surface formed With grooves 14 for receiving the flexible hoisting element 15, which in the present instance is a rope. The hoist drum 13 has a pair of hubs 16 non-rotatably secured upon the drum shaft 8. For rotating the hoist drum 13 from the motor 17, which is mounted in the motor housing 9, there is a drive shaft 18 connected to the motor and extending through the drum shaft 8, and driving the same through the planetary gearing 19 in the housing 11. The planetary gearing comprises the annular gear 20 secured to a cylindrica'l flange 21 upon the drum shaft,- an annular gear 22 secured to the housing 11, and planetary pinions 23 meshing with the annular gears 20 and 22 and with the drive pinion 24 upon the drive shaft 18. The annular gears 20 and 22 have different numbers of teeth so that for every complete revolution of the planetary pinions 23 within the annular gears, the drum shaft will be rotated throughan angle equal to the num ber of teeth difference between the two annular gears. I

For controlling the rate of speed of the motor 17, the following construction is provided: Upon the outer end of the drive shaft 18 is formed a flange 25 to which is secured the brake driving member 26, as by means of the bolts 27. member has the cylindrical flange-26 having in its outer periphery slots or key-ways in which the series of brake driving disks 28 engage in a manner well known in the art and alternately arranged with these brake driving disks are the series of disks 29 which are held stationary by key-like projections 30 integral with the housing 11, which projections engage in peripheral slots or keyways in said disks. axially movable or in other words movable in a direction parallel to the drive shaft 18.

A disk 31 of slate or other insulating ma terial which forms the base of the. electric controller to be hereinafter described is se- This brake driving- Both series of disks are spiral I vented from rotation while capable of endwise'movement. Upon the pin 38 is secured one end of the bolt "39, the other end of L which is threaded-to receive-the nut '40.

Around the bolt 39 is arranged a helical spring 41, one end of which abuts against 7 the nut 40 while theother end bears upon the projecting. ends ofthe pins 42 secured within the sleeve so that the inner end'of said sleeve is yieldably pressed against the outerj brake disk 29 by the spring41-with a force depending-upon the location of the nut relative to the bolt 39, thereby tending to force the brake disks 28 and 29 into contact with each other and toward the outwardly-extending annular 'flange 43 upon the cylindrical flange -26 of the driving member 26.

The reaction of these disks instead of -being taken directly upon' the -annular *flange 43 is received by a pair of diametrically opposite buttons 44 secured to the faces of. governing weights 45 which are threaded internally/to engage the screws 46 fixedly-secured 1n the annular flange 43 and extending transversely. thereof. Each of the governor Weights'45 is normally held in. the position shown by dotted lines in Figure 4, by means of-aspring 47, one end of which is attached to a lug 48 uponthe weight and'the other to an adjustable eyebolt 49 secured to a bracket 50 upon'the annular flange 43 and preferablyv integral therewith. As shown the screws 46 have left hand threadsqand the arrangement is such that when the governor weights 45 are, caused tomove outward to i the position shown by full lines in Figure 4,'due to centrifugal force caused by the rotation ofvthe drive shaft 18 with the driving member 26 and governing weights45 they rotate upon the screwsy46 and move longitudinally thereon-and away from the annular flange 43, thereby causing the buttons44 to pressagainst the inner disk 28 and move both the series of driving disks, 28 and stationary disks 29 into contact witheach other to a degree depending upon the speed of ro-,

tation. V

Synchronism of the movement of the two governing weights 45 is insured by the equalizer ring 51 .whi'ch is rotatably sup ported upon the periphery of the boss .52 uponthe circular diaphragm 53 integral with the housing 11 and within which the metrically opposite points by links 54 to the governor-weights 45.

Upon the outer end of the sleeve 35 is a 'fianged collar 55 secured thereon by the nuts 56 and prevented from rotating by the key 57 Between the inner end of this collar and the outer end of the bushing 34 is a carrier 58 vrotatably mounted upon the sleeve 35 and carrying brushes- 590fthe-controller, suitableinsulator: washers being interposed in a-=w'ell "known manner. 'Upon the adjoining faces of the carrier 58 and collar 55 are 'double helical or cam like projections 60 as shown 7 in Figure 7 which projections are so arranged that by rotating thecarrier 58 in one direction or the other by means to be hereinafter explained the collar-55 is forced outward and away" from' the carrier-58 so-as towithdraw the sleeve 35-against the-action of-thespring 41 thereby manualllyreleasing the-brake.

' The arrangement for controlling-and reversing the hoist motor 17, comprises a-series of contacts 6l and 62which are electrica-lly connected to the motor; and are frictionally engagedby fingers of any ordinary con struction upon thebrushes-59. SuitabIe r heO stats are interposed-in a well known manner and protection of the motor from overload isprovided for in the form of cartridge fuses 63 attachedto the base or disk 31.

The rotation of= the bruslr carrier: 58- is effected through movement of the manu ally operable-lever 64and pendant operating cords 65 in the following 'mannerf The lever. 64 is rotatably mounted withina boss 66 upon the cover 67 which is hinged to the housing 11 and suitably held 'in'closedposition. 68' is anannulus -within thecover 67 and non-rotatably secured: .to* the lever 64, this'annulus being-provided with diametrically opposite radially projecting jaws 69, 7 0, 71 and 72 arranged in pairs and shown more in'detail in Figures 5, 8, 9 and 10. To the brush carrier 58 is attached a ring 73 on the outer periphery of which is mounted a ring 74 keyed thereon, sons to be capableof sliding axial-1y but prevented from rotating in relation thereto, Thering-74- has two diametrically opposite projections "75 and 76 which are -a daipted normally to extend between and engagewith -the pairs of jaws 69 and 70, 71 and". 72 --respectively,=soi that when one a or the other of the operating cords 65 is pulled downward; the consequent rotary movement of the hand lever 64 is imparted to the bruslrear=rier58, thereby first releasing the brake by withdrawing thev sleeve 35 aspreviously-idescribed: andwthen causing the contactfingers-of the brushes 59; to cooperate witheitherthev contacts' 61 or 62 'so as to energize the-motor 17..and to cause-tlie-hoist drum-13 to'be rotatedlin one direction or the other depending on which of the operating cords is pulled.

The ring 74 is held in its normal position as shown in Figure 9 by the yoke 77, the fork ends 78 of which engage in a groove 79 in the ring. This yoke is mounted on the end of a rod 80 which is slida'bly supported in bearings 81, 82 and 83, the former bearing being upon the motor housing 9 and the latter two bearings upon the housing 11. This rod is maintained in a neutral or central position by two springs 84 and 85 surrounding the rod, the spring 84 bearing against the collar 86 fixed upon the rod and one side of the supporting bearing 83, while the spring 85 bears against the other side of the supporting bearing 83 and against the yoke 77 these springs being of equal strength.

Upon the rod 80 is slidably mounted a rack 87 having teeth adapted to engage the grooves 13 of the hoist 14, these grooves being of such depth as to receive these teeth in addition to the flexible hoisting element 15. By this arrangement, the rack 87 which travels back and forth as the drum is rotated in one direction or the other serves to maintain the hoisting element 15 within the grooves at all times regardless of side pull. The rack 87 is prevented from rotating by the inner faces of the slot 88 within which it projects, this slot being formed in the semi-cylindrical housings 1 and 2 near their corresponding lower edges.

The brush carrier 58 is normally held in the neutral or central position by a coil spring 89 shown more clearly in Figure 6 and having its free ends turned outward so as to embrace between them a projection 90 upon the ring 73 and a projection 91 upon the collar 55. Stops 92 and 93, formed of pairs of lock nuts, are provided upon the rod 80, these stops being adjustable to come in the path of the rack 87 and be operated thereby, so as to cause longitudinal movement of the rod 80 in one direction or the other as the hoist block upon the flexible hoisting element 15 reaches its upper or lower limit of travel. By this means, when the operating lever 64 is held in one or the other working position causing the drum to be rotated and the rack 87 comes against one or the other of the stops and imparts longitudinal movement to the rod 80, the yoke 77 is carried with it and the ring 74, thereby moved into one or the other of the positions shown in Figures 8 and 10 causing longitudinal displacement of the projections 75 and 76 in relation to the lugs 69, 70, 71 and 72.

It will be observed that these lugs are arranged in different planes in a longitudinal direction. The diametrically opposite lugs 69 and 72 being in a common plane while the diametrically opposite lugs and 71 are in a common plane offset therefrom. The arrangement is such that when the operating lever is rotated in a clockwise direcs tion, which in the present case is assumed to be the lowering direction, the driving of the ring 74 and through it the brush carrier 58, is effected by pressure of the lugs 69 and 72 against the projections and 76 on the ring while when the lever is rotated in a counterclockwise direction so as to cause the load to be raised, the driving is effected through the other pair of lugs 70 and 71. Vhen, therefore, the load is being lowered and the hoist block reaches the predetermined lower limit of its movement, the yoke 77 and ring 74 are moved from the central position as shown in Figure 9 to the position shown in Figure 8 which brings the projections 75 and 76 clear of the lugs 69 and 72 and allows the brush carrier 58 to be returned to the neutral or central position under the action of the spring 89 so as to cut off the current. This rotation of the brush carrier also permits of the inward movement of the sleeve 35 to apply the brake. It will be understood from Figure 8 that the lugs 70'and 71 are still in a position to engage with the projections 75 and 76 so as to move the brush carrier to the raising position when the movement of the operating lever is reversed. Similarly when the load is being raised and the hoist block reaches its upper limit of travel, the yoke 77 and ring 74 are moved into the position indicated in Figure 10 which brings the projections 75 and 76 clear of the lugs 70 and 71 and releases the brush carrier and brake, but the lugs 69 and 72 are still in a position to engagewith the projections and move the brush carrier to the lowering position, when the operating lever is moved in the proper direction. It will be readily understood that by the arrangement above described the brush carrier is returned instantaneously to the neutral position when the stop motion is operated, thereby giving a quick break of the current and avoiding burning and flashing at the contacts.

By the employment of the centrifugal brake governing device'in conjunction with the hand operating device for releasing the brake wholly or partially while at the same time controlling the current supply, a much greater precision of control is obtained than is possible by electrical means alone, and the whole apparatus may be so proportioned and adjusted that the brake is automatically applied when a dangerous or objectionable rate of speed is reached, even though the control-may be in a full on position.

Another important feature of my invention resides in the means for securing a circulation of air around the braking elements to assist in cooling the same. As shown, the housing 11 is provided with suitable ZIBI- turesjQP-and the outer brakev disk ,29v'1and controller base pr; disk Share also provided with suitable apertures 95 and 96 respecti vely,rwhile the hub of the; operating lever 64: has an aperture97 therein for the passage of airwhichis caused to pass, around the brake disks by means of the vanes 98 upon the governor Weights 4 5.

-lVl-1at Iv claim as my invention is:

1.;In, a hoist, the combination with a driving shaft, of.- a series ofvrotary brake disks secured to said shaft, a series of stationary brake disks ,alternating w th sa d rotary disks,.allof said disks being capable sure. element on one side, of said disks, a ro-' tating element on the opposite side. of .said disks,-,a movable abutment on said rotating element,.-means-, for withdrawing saidipressure,eleme11t,';,and. a centrifugal device for varying the positlon of sald abutment according; to the speed of rotat on .of said driving shaft.

3. In a hoist, thecombination ,with a housing, of a driving shaft .rotatably mounted therein an; annular flange nonrotatably mounted, upon said driving shaft, a brake; element-.non-rotatablymounted on said driving; shaft. and at; the side of' said annular-flange, a secondbrake element nonrotatably securedto saidhousing' and at the side of said;first-mentioned -brake-element and adaptedrto engage the latter, a

governor-,Weight controlled by;;the, rateofrotation ofisaid %driving shaft, and, means upon sald annular flange adapted,-,-to;-be moved bysaidgovernor-Jive ght to force the brake elements into-contact With each other ""Wllfil] saidagovernor weight moves away from said annular-flange .npon rotation. of said governor Weight relative tosaid annular fiange. 7

v4. In a hoist, the combination with; a driving ,shaft, of; a .series 'of alternately fixed' s and rotary brake. elements coaxial witlrsaid shaft, azhousing surrounding said elements, and providedwith air passages, and vanes on said rotary elements adapted to, propel an air current through l ons-7 ing to cool saidvbrake elements 5.,In a hoist, the combination with .a housing of a driving shaft; rotatably mountrotation of said driving shaft; for. variably forcing said fixed and rotary brake elements into frictional engagement with each other,

andmeans on said governor eight .for propelling an air current through said housing to coollsaid brake, elements. I

'6. In a hoist, the combination with a driving shaft, ,of a seriesiof rotary vbrake memberssecured tosaidshaft, amseries of stationary brake membersalternating with said rotary members, all of said members being capable of axialmovement, means for applying spring pressure to one side of said members, a rotating abutment on the opposite side of said I1181]1b6l"S, 111e2L11S for relieving said spring pressure, and ,means for varying thelposition. of saidrotary abutment. according. to thespeed of, rotation.

,7. In a hoist, the, combination with ya housing, of ,gClIlVlIlg shaft rotatably mounted therein, a member vnon-rotatab-ly mounted on said driving shaft,.a brake ,eles

ment non-rotatably] nounted ,on said drivingshaft,a second brake element. non-rotatably secured to sa d housing and adapted to engage the first-ment oned brakeelement,

a governor Weight-controlled bythe rate of rotation of said-drivingv shaft, and, means adapted to vbe moved said governor Weight to force the brake elements into contact W'ltl1 $tCl1. other hen said Hgovernor Weight moves away from v the iirst-mentioned memberupon. rotation. of said governor Weight relative, to the member aforesaid.

.,8.,In a hoist, the comb nation-with a drivingl shaft, of ,a series of alternately fixed and rotary brake elements, co -axial with said -shaft, a spring-operated sleeve adapted to, maintain said brake-elements in frictional engagement, a, collar secured-to said sleeve, a member rotatably mountedon said sleeve and having a cam engagementith said, ,collar, and a levei operatively connected to said rotatable emember and adapted to rotate the same to, cause s aicl collar to move said sleeve .againSt the tension of its spring to release, said brake elements.

In, testimony whereof I affix my signature.

WILLIAM SIMPSON.

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