US1537148A - Typewriter - Google Patents

Description

J. SMITH V TYPEWRITER Filed April 15, 1922 '1 Sheets-Sheet 1 WITNES 1 INVENTOR fume A TTORNEYS May 12, 1925. 1,537,148

, J. SMITH 'TYPEWRITER Filed April 13, 1922 v Sheets-Sheet z INVENTOR WITNESSES 5 Jib 5MWH,

E wwfi. ATTORNEYS May 12, 1925. V 1.537,!48 J. SMITH TYPEWRITER Filed April 5, 1922 v 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 I TI'URIIEYS mvmrqn May 12, 1925. 1,537,148

J. SMITH TYPEWRITER Filed April 1.3, 1922 '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 uwmron A TTORNEYS J. SMITH 'TYPEWRiTER Fil ed Apiil 1a. 1923 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 ATTORNEYS MaylZ, 1925. 1,537,148 r J. SMITH Y TYPEWRITER Filed April 13, 1922 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTUR dog, fin/TH,

A TI'ORNEYS WITNESSES V Patented May 12, 1925.

UNITED {STA-ES. PATENT OFFICE.

JOEL SMITH, F MORAN, MICHIGAN.

TYPEWR-ITER.

Application filed April 13, 1922. Serial No. 552,116.

To all 107mm it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOEL SDHTH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of ldoran, in the county of Mackinac and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typewriters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in typewriters, and it consists in the construc tions, combinations and inodeof operation herein described and claimed.

An object of the invention is to provide a typewriter carrying a plurality of styles of type made integral with the type bars, the type bars being considerably shorter than they are in usual constructions, the purpose being to obtain a shortened type bar travel to the printing point.

strike the platen from the rear, the rear bars being actuated by links which cross the top of the platen.

Another object of the invention is .to provide a typewriter which is bodily shiftable in respect to a shoe on which it is swung when it -is desired to shift from one type style to another.

Other objects and a dnantages will appear in the following specitication, reference being had to the accom 'ial'iying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a. plan view showing the general ar 'angeinent of the improvedtypewriter,

Fig. 2 is a detail plan view of the left side of the strnctureshown inFig. 1, certain parts (covers, etc) being omitted,

Fig. 3 is a detail longitudinal section of the typewriter, parts of the frame and shoe being shown in elevation,

Fig. 4: is a detail longitudinal section of the right part of the structure in Fig. 3,

Fig: 5 is a detail section taken substantially on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1, clearly showing the mechanism for reversing from upper to lower case type and vice versa,

Fig. 6 is a detail elevation illustrating .5 on the sides of the frame 3 the styles-of type bars shown in Figs. 3 and 4,

Fig. type bars used in the modification in Fig. 9, 151g. 8 isa detail plan VIGW Of a modifi- 7 is an elevation of the styles of y cation in the construction of certain outside type bars, to be used in connection with the stylus oftype bars shownin F igs. 3

and 1-, as well as the modification in Fig. 9,

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section of a. modified form of the typewriter wherein thestationary shoe in Fig. 3 is omitted and'which also discloses a modification of the shift mechanism, Fig. 10 is a detail plan view of the lockdown mechanism which is used in connection with the case shift lever,

Fig. 11 is a detail section on the 1111s I l1 11 of Fig. 10, and

Fig.12 is a plan view of a further modification wherein the construction of the typewriter is simplified sufficiently to make the machine portable. f

This invention is an improvement on the typewriter disclosed in my co-pending application for Letters Patent on typewriter, filed Dec. 18, 1920,Serial No. 431,698. The description below of the invention is divided into a number of subjectscovering the major features of the typewriter.

The frame comprises a shoe :1 which has the usual pads 2 upon which the typewriter rests when set upon a table. The shoe 1 is fixed in relationship to the rest of the machine, the typewriter frame Sbeing inovable back and forth on hangers s to change from. one style of typeto another (for example, from pica to gotlnc), when the knobs forwardly or baclzwardly. This motion of the frame 3 is limited by theends of slots 6 in the shoe 1, into which studs 7 from the fi'ame extends, and by lugsS (Fig. 3 for example) which are intended to strike adjacent ends of the shoe 1. are carried by the frame and are intended to relieve the impact on the studs 7 when are pushed These lugs shifted from one end of the slot 6 to the other. A latch 8 (Fig. 3) is intended to engage the stud '4' on one side and lock the frame 3 in either shifted position.

The latch 8 (just referred to) normally rests against a stop 9 on the side of the shoe 1. It has a tongue 10 which is adapted to assume a position midway of the slot 6 whcirnioved into the dotted line position llll in Fig. 3, so that one or the other rounded portions at the base of the tongue may engage the adjacent stud and so lock the frame into position as described. The frame 3 has a bridge 11 secured thereto (Fig. 1), which bridge includes the rearwardly extending arms 12.

These rearwardly extending arms are joined by a curved back piece 13 which makes the arms an integral structure. The arms 12 form bearing surfaces on which the balls 1%, which occupy positions in lugs 15, run. These lugs are on the arms 16 of a socalled type basket 17, and they slide on the arms 12 when changing from small to large type upon depression of the case shift key 18. The lugs are held down by downward extensions 19 from adjacent covers 20 as shown in one instance at the right of Fig. 1.

So far as described, the reader will understand that the frame 3 with all of its carried parts is bodily shiftable in respect to the shoe 1 and also the platen 21 when it is desired to change the typewriter from one style of type to another. This is done in the present instance (Fig. 3) by pulling forwardly on the knobs 5. It is also understood that the type basket 17 and all of its associated parts is independently shiftable in respect to the frame 3 and the platen 21 to change the written line from small to large type. This is done by depressing the shift key 18. 7

Bars 22 on the type basket 17 rest on bail bearings 23 which in turn rest on extensions 2% of the frame 3. The bar 22 on each side has a triangular lug 25 which is adapted to engage corresponding stops on the extension at for the purpose of limiting the forward and rearward movements of the type basket 17.

The type basket moves on the various ball bearings when shifted in respect to the frame The frame 3 carries a pivot bar at the rear, which in turn has a rod 27 on which the key levers (Fig. '1) a re pivoted. The key levers 2:) of the case shift keys 18 are also pivoted on this rod, it being observed that there are two of these shift keys, one on each side of the machine as is usually the custom. There is a spring 30 for each of the key levers, for the purpose of moving them up against a stop bar 31 (Fig. across the frame 3. A slotted guide plate 32 depends from the stop bar, and the slots guide the key levers.

An opening 33 at each side of the frame 3 terminates in recesses 34 and 35 for the purpose of receiving the crank ends 36 of a shaft 37' which extends across the machine (Fig. 1). The cranks have knobs 38 by which the shaft 37 is more easily turned. The shaft is mounted in bearings 39 which depend from a part of the fran'le 3. The

shaft 37 is used in connection with the changing from small letters to capital letters, and its function is further explained under the description of the case shift.

Covers 20 and 41 (Fig. 1) conceal parts of the mechanism and more particu'iarly,

protect certain pivotal connections against the entrance of dirt. A light cover 42 1s affixed to the rear of the shoe 1 and extends back so as to shield the open part of the frame 3 as shown in Fig. 3.

The type basket 17, includes semi-circular parts which form walls around the front and rear sections of type bars #13 and e'ei. As generally explained in the objects of the invention, the whole body of type bars 1s divided into two sections, the type bars of each striking the platen 21 from the from; and rear respectively as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 3. The characters on the type bars 13 are placed in the upright position, but the characters on the type bars 14 must be placed in inverted positions.

The type bars of the front and rear sections are mounted on pivots 15 and 16 respectively in guide segments 17 and 48. These segments are divided into a plurality of fingers 49 which define spaces in which the type bars move on the downward strokes.

Links 50 connect the type bars 43 of the front section with certain ones of the key levers 28, while links 51 connect the remaining key levers to bell cranks 52 which in turn are joined to bell cranks 53 through top connecting links 54. The bell cranks are connected to the type bars at of the rear section through links 55.

The bell cranks 52 are divided into two sets of ten to each set, occupying positions at the sides of the center of tire machine. Bearings 56 support the front bell cranks and similar bearings 57 support the rear bell cranks. The rear bell cranks 53 are also divided into two sets of ten to each set, and the top connecting links 5-ijoin the bell cranksot diametrically opposite sets (Fig. 1). By this arrangement, when any one of ten key levers 28,. counting in from the ends of the keyboard, are depressed, a type bar 14: on the side opposite to the operated lever is moved on its supporting segment 48, and the type face made to strike the printing point 011 the platen 21.

A type bar guide (Figs. 1 and is provided to aid in the alinement of the type on the platen and to decrease the vibration of the type bars. It is composed of two metal arms 58 which are secured at 59 to adjacent parts of the type basket 17, whence they extend inwardly and terminate in shoulders 0 which define a V-shaped notch or passage. The stems or shanks of the type bars 43 of the front section pass through this V-shaped passage. The type bars 41- of the rear section have extensions 61 which also are adapted to enter the'V-shaped passage, and so the passage in both cases serves to move a type bar into the position it ought toassume in respect to the platen, should :itso happen that the type bar is slightly bent or otherwise out of alinement.

Backing pads 62 stop the type bars on their backward movements. These backing pads are disposed in the semi-circular part of the type basket 17. They are mounted on removable plates 63 which are directly secured to the type basket.

The case shift is made by depressing the shift key 18 on either side of themachine. By case shift is meant, shifting from the printing of small letters to capital letters. Either shift key 18 does this upon being depressed, whether the typewriter is adjusted to operate in one style of type (pica) or another style (gothic). Fig. 6 shows one of the type bars 13 in elevation. The char ters 6t and 65 are small and capital letters in pica respectively, and 66 and 67 are small and capital letters respectively in gothic.

By following the dotted line at the left of Fig. l, the reader will observe that the small character 6 in pica will reach the printing point on the platen 21 when the corresponding key lever is depressed. By shifting the type basket 17 rearwardly in respect to the frame 3 until the lug 15 engages the back edge of the arm 12 (Fig. 3) the type sections will be moved backwardly far enough to bring the capital letter 65 into registration with the printing point when the same-key lever is depressed. i

The shifting of the type basket 17 (to change from small to capital letters) is accomplished by a rocker 166(Fig. 4-.) which is mounted on a bearing 67 'on top of the frame 3. There a corresponding rocker 166 and associated parts on each side of the machine, but the description of one will suf- [ice for both. l Links 68 and 69 hang from the respectiveends of the rocker 166 and terminate in hooks 70 and 71, to be engaged by one or the other of apair of shoulders v 72 and 73 on the case shift lever 29.

These shoulders are provided by forming the shift lever 29 with an offset part which leaves the shoulders as in Fig. 4. Then in the position there shown, a depression of the shift lever 29 will cause the shoulder 72 to pull down on the link 68, move the rocker 166 on its pivot 67, move the crank-piece T l toward the left (or rear of machine), and correspondingly move the type basket 17 by n'ieans of a link 75 which joinsthe crankpiece to a lug 76 on the basket 17.

A light connecting piece 77 passing across from one pendent link to the other, (Fig. 4), holds these links apartthe same distance at the bottom as at the top. Crossing this connecting piece is an operating bar 78, this letters of either style of type, that is to N.

(Fig. 3

bar being joined to the connecting piece 7T by a link 7 9.

The link 79 lies close to the connecting piece 77 (Fig. i) and the latte a bearing block 82 which has a slot 83 to ac commodate the pivot and make room for vertical movement when the bar is rocked from one side to the other as when the crank 36 (Fig. 1) is moved from the recess 3a to the recess 35 (Fig. The bar 78 is can nected to the crank 36, the reader being reminded that the shifting mechanism described imn'iediately above and shown in Fig. 4:, being duplicated on the right side of the machine as shown in Fig.

It should be clearly understood that the shoulder 72 (Fig. 4) of the shift lever 29 functions to move the type basket 17 only when the crank 36 occupies the rearm'ostrecess '34. At this time, the'shoulder T3 is out of registration with the hook'il, both by virtue of the fact that the right side (Fig. 4) ofthe rocker 166 is depressed and also that the lower end of the hook T1 is swung slightly inwardly.

It should be mentioned that the crankpiece 74, which was described in connection with Fig. forms part of a bar 8% which extends across the front of the frame 3 and is journalled in blocks 85. It is this bar which carries the rockers 166 from which the links 68 and 69 depend. The rockers l66remain in the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4-, while the typewriter is arranged to write sin:

while the frame 3 is ad usted either real Wardly or forwardly in respect to the shoe 1.

It is only when the operator desires to writecin capital letters in either style of type for a prolonged period, that the crank 86 is turned over into the front recess 35 Reversing the crank 36 as d4 scribed, changes the tension of springs 86 and 87 (Fig. 5) so that the type basket 1? is compelled to occupy the rearmost position in respect to the arms 12 of the frame 3 iir, stead of the forward position in Figs. 3 and 4. At such l'll'IlO, the lugs 25 rest against the rear stops of the extensions 2% instead of against the front stops.

The springs 86 and87 are fastened at one end to a-spring hanger 88 on the adjacent crank The springs occupy a position on the right side of the machine (F ig. 1) but obviously may be located on either side. The springs diverge-in respect to each other and thelowerrnost ends are joined 'to the llS be w 'itten. The crank 86 rests in the rearmost recess 3 1 so that the spring 86 is under tension by virtue of the fact that there is a wider separation between its holdings than there is between the holdings of the spring 87. Consequently the spring 87 relaxed. The spring 86 being under tension. pulls the type basket 17 forwardly so that the lugs 25 rest'against the front lugs of the extensions 24 The reason why this occurs is that the axis of the spring 86 is below the fulcrum 67, so that the pull of the spring 86 tends to move the left end of the rocker 166 (Fig. 5) downwardly.

On shifting the crank 36 into the forward recess a reverse operation occurs. The spring 86 is then relaxed while the spring 87 is put under tension, the pull on the bracket- 89 and left end of the rocker 166 being upward. The type basket 17 is moved rearwardly until the lugs 15 rest against the rear walls of the recesses 1 1, and the typewriter is in condition to write all capital letters of the pica style. Under this adjustment of the typewriter, the operator will depress the key 18 and shift lever 29 to pro duce small letters instead of capital letters, as is the case in Figs. 3 and -11. It can be readily seen that the position of the rocker .166 (Fig. 4;) will be reversed under the aforesaid second adjustment of the typewriter, i. e. when the crank 36 occupies the forward recess This brings the hook 71 into registration with the shoulder 73 of the shift lever 29, so that depression of the shift key 18 will move the rocker 166 downwardly toward the right and pull the type basket 17 forwardly against the influence of the spring 87, which for this illustration is pre sumed to be under tension.

The shift lock, shown'iu Figs. 1 and 10, is used when the adjustment of the typewriter to write capital letters, is intended to be less permanent than when the crank 36 is shifted from the recess 31 to the recess 35. The shift. lever 29 is jointed at 91 at a point close to the shi tt key .18. The shift key is carried by a separate shank 92 which ends in a heel 93 which in turn is made to bear against the side of thelever 29 by a spring 91 connected between the two. The shank 92 includes a short forward projection which is adapted to be moved under a fixed rest 96 when it is intended to lock the shift lever 29 down, and the type basket 17 into the position to enable writing capital letters.

A light side piece 97 is provided in connection with the shift key 8 so that the op erator may exert a side push in order to move the projection under the rest 96. The tension of the spring 91 is not sufficiently strong to release the projection 95 from therest 96, the sole function of the spring 91 being to normally keep the shank 92 in the free position in Fig. 10. A light side push (toward the right) on the side piece 97 will release the projection 95 from the rest 96.

The modification of the type bars in Figure 7, consists of on'iitting the two upper characters in Fig. 6 and using only two characters 651, and 65, these being small and capital letters respectively. These characters are of a single style of type. The type bar 13 being shorter than the type bar 13 in Fig. 1 (this by virtue of the omission of the upper two characters) makes it possible to shorten the type basket approximately one-half inch and also reduce the height approximately the same amount. Otherwise, the type basket and its associated parts are identical.

The modification in Figure 8 illustrates a change in the arrangement of the type bar guides 58 so that the two outside type bars in the front type section are strengthened when performing the printing stroke. These bars 98 are of a form different from that of the bars in Figs. 6 and 7, in that they are nearly straight.

The type bar guide 58 has notches 99 to receive the respective outside type bars, and for the purpose of forming an interlocking engagement the type bars have lugs 100 as shown by the detail projection at one side of Fi 8. The type bar guide includes a shoulder 60 which, with its companion shoulder (not shown) forms a V-shaped passage for the remaining type bars which are intended to be like those shown in F 6 and 7.

The modification in Figure 9 relates in part to a change in the construction of the shift lever lock-down mechanism, further details of which are disclosed in Figs. 10 and 11. So far as the shift lock mechanism concerned, it con'iprises the shank 92 which is connected by a joint 91 with the shift lever 29 but at a greater distance from the shift key 18 than is the joint 91 from the key 18 in Figs. 1 and 2.

The shank 92 (Fig. 10) is here changed to lie close to the outside of the shift lever instead of being located on the inside as in Fig. 1. The joint 91 comprises a small tilting pin 101 (Fig. 11). This pin stands at the bottom end in a small hole in a lug 102 which is bent outwardly from the shift lever 29, and at its top end is held in a small hole in a lug 103 which is bent inwardly from the shank 92. The lug 103 is long enough to extend over the shift lever and provide a mounting for one end of a spring 941, the other end of which is secured to a part of the shift lever. The tilting pin has a shoulder bearing against each of the lugs, and thus when the shank 92 is swung outwardly to engage the end projection 95 with the rest 96 into the lock-down operation, the movement is easily and Ill) smoothly accomplished and the strain on the pivot 191 relieved to aconsiderable degree.

Fig- 9 also least) which is adapted for a single style of type. The shoe 1 in Fig. 3 is dispensed with and the it'ran'ie 3 equipped with rubber 'iitltt 2 which places the frame directly on the table. .The main shift bar 8-1: has a crank piece 74; with a link connection 75 t a lug 76" on the type basket 17, precisely" as before, but, instead of using a. rocker as in Figs. 3 and t, a bell crank 105 is substituted. of the shift bar 8%, V

he bell crank 1.95 is carried by the main shift be 8-1 and is supported in bearings 85. The left end of the bell crank 195 ha, a pendent link 68 which'terminates in a hook 70. This hook partly embraces the shift lever 29, and includes a pair of lugs 106, the object of which is to guide the hook 70 in its downward and upward action on the oppositeshift lever from: the one operated. The right end of the bell crank has a spring 107 attached thereto, the other end of which is securedto a bracket 108 on the bottom of the frame.

It is obvious that the reverse shift (as disclosed in Figs. 3 and 5) may be inter changeable between the modified form in Fig. 9 and that of the said preceding figures. ii depression of the shift lever 29 bears the link 68 and bell crank 105 down, so that the type basket 17 is shifted rearwardly and the line of typewriting is changed from sn'iall to capital; letters. It is unnecessary to describe the remaining niechanisn'i of the modified. form in Fig. 9, since it is the same as that shown in Fig. 3, with such necessary exceptions. for example, the hangers 4, etc.

The modification in Figure 12 discloses a portable model of the typewriter which is so-called because of its lightness due to a considerable reduction in the number of parts. The side arms 16? of the type basket 17 run on ball bearings 108 which are carried by the rearwardly extending arms 12"* of the main frame 3. The rear ends .15

of the side arms 16 are adapted to strike the shoulders 1 1 which act as stops when the type basket is shifted'by either the shift key 18 or the key 109.

The key levers 28 have three rows of keys on the key board. The twoshift keys just referred to, move the type basket back and forth so as to obtain the shift for numerals and capitals, as well as the othercharacters ind1cated.- The type basket 17 similar to the type basket in Fig. 1 but has only fourteen type bars 13 and 44 in the front and rear typesections.

As before, the two type sections describe parts of a circle. The type bars are adapted to pass through the l-shaped passage sliowsa machine (in part at:

Tl-icreis: one hell crank on each end formed by, shoulders on the type bar guides 58. The links 5-1 which pass diagonally across the platen 21, are connect ed to bell cranks 52 and 53 so as to-move the type bars when the type keys are depressed, precisely as 111 Figs. 3 and 1. s

As stated before, the principal difference between the modification in Fig. 12 and the main form in'F-ig. 1, is the reduction of parts, which reduction is to be observed principally in connection with the type bars, connecting links, bell cranks and type keys. This reduction of parts lightens the machine so that it can readily be carried about. It is also to be observed that only one style of type is to be used in this model, this particular provision obviating the necessity of a reverse shift as described in connection with the main form of the invention.

that the reader may obtain a general under- The operation is here briefly reviewed so standing of the typewriter without reading the detailed description above. The typewriter in Figs. 3 and 1 is adjusted so as to write small characters 6 1 (Fig. 6) in pica style. The shift key 18 is depressed to print capital letters 65 (Fig. 6) in the same style.

Depressing the shift key 18 rocks the shift lever 29 so that the shoulder 72 (Fig.

' 1-) bears down on the link 68 which tilts the rocker 166 toward the left and moves the type basket 17 rearwardly (toward the left) through the medium of the crank-piece 7 1, link 7 5 and lug 76. The extensions 2 1: stop the lugs 25. and so limit the rearward move ment of the type basket. The characte 1 65 is shifted rearwardly sufliciently far so as to strike the printing point on the platen. The characters on the typebars 4 1 in the rear section. are arranged in reverse order,

as is necessary to insure correspondence with the characters on the type bars d3 in the front section. i

A temporary locking of the type basket 17 in the rearmost position so as'to print all capital letters, is secured by pushing toward the left against the side piece 9'? (Fig. 1) until the projection 95 engages beneaththe rest 96 and thus holds the shift lever 29 in the lock-down position. A more permanent locking of the type basket 17 in the rearn'iost when the crank 36 is in the rearmost recess 34: and pulls up on the left end of the bracket 89 so that a downward pull on the left end of the rocker 166 results. The tension of the spring 86 is along a line before the pivot 67 of the rocker with the effect just described, so that the type basket 1? is kept in its forward position under which adjust:- ment the typewriter writes small letters. At this time, the spring 87 (Fig. 5) is relaxed, but shifting the crank 36 into the front re ccss 35 puts the spring 87 under tension and relaxes the spring 86. The effect on the rocker 166 is now reversed, the left end being lifted and the type basket 17 being moved to its inward position.

It is easy to see that depression of the shift key 18 under the two adjustments have the reverse result of pushing the type basket 17 rearwardly under the first, and pulling it forwardly under the second. This principle of operation obtains whether the typewriter is adjusted for writing one or the other of the two styles of type which it is adapted to write.

To change from one type style to the other (pica to gothic) pull forwardly on the knobs 5 (Fig. 3) so that the studs 7 move into the front ends of the arcuate slots 6. This brings the entire frame 8 forward in relationship to the shoe 1 and the platen 21 so that the character 66 (Fig. 6) is in position to strike the printing point under normal conditions, and the character 67 is in position to strike the printing point when the shift key 18 is depressed to make a capital letter. Depressions of the shift key 18, under the forward adjustment of the frame 3 to write letters in the gothic type style, will result in pushing the type basket 17 rearwardly (as before) so that the capital character 67 (Fig. 6) will reach the printing point. The shoulder 72 operates the rocker 166 and its associated parts as before. It is only when the crank 36 has been turned into the forward recess t rat the shoulder 72 does not function. It is then that the shoulder 73 functions to pull the type basket 17 forwardly so as to cause the writing of small letters when the machine is adjusted for writing all capital letters under the function of the reverse shift mechanism.

1. A typewriter comprising a frame haw ing type bars with capitalIand small letters in a plurality of type styles. a shoe having a platen, means to bodily shift the frame in respect to the shoe and platen so as to bring any one of the various type styles into registration with the printing point, and means on the frame to shift the type bars for capital and small letter printing at each shifted position of the frame.

2. typewriter comprising a platen, a type basket, type bars carried by the basket each with capital and small letters, a key to shift the type basket, a pair of springs in connection with the type basket, and means to put either spring under tension to correspondingly maintain the type bars in a corresponding position to either strike capital. or small letters at the printing point in a continuous line of writing, aid key functioning to shift the type basket against the spring then under tension.

3. A typewriter having a case shift mechanism including a shift lever with two shoulders, a rocker having pendent links near the shoulders, and means to shift the links to bring oneor the other into alinemcnt with a shoulder so that a depression of the shift lever moves the rocker in one direction.

t. A typewriter having case shift inechanism including a shift lever with two shoulders, a rocker having a link pendent from each end, means carried by each link to be engaged by an adjacent shoulder, and means to shift the links simultaneously to bring one or the other into alinement with an adjacent shoulder.

5. A typewriter having case shift mech anism including a shift lever with two shoulders, a rocker having a link pendent from each end, means carried by each link to be engaged by an adjacent shoulder, means to shift the links simultaneously to bring one or the other into alinement with an adjacent shoulder, and a spring device which is put under tension by die shifting of said links to resist the depression of the shift lever.

6. A typewriter having a case shift mechanism including a. shift lever with two shoulders, a. rocker, a link depending from each end of the rocker and terminating in a hook to embrace parts of the lever adjacent to the shoulders, and means to shift the links simultaneously to move one or the other of the hooks into alinement with a. shoulder.

7. A typewriter having case shift mechanism including ashift lever with two shoulders, a. rocker, a link with ahook pendent from each end of the rocker, means to shift the links simultaneously to move one or the other hook under a shoulder, a pair of springs in connection with the shifting means, and means extending from the rocker to which the springs are attached so as to put one or the other under tension when the shifting occurs so as to resist the depressirm of the shift lever against the hook then in alinement with a shoulder.

8. A typewriter, having case shifting mechanism including a rocker with depending links having hooks, a shift lever embraced by the hooks, and having shoulders associatedwith each hook, a. crank with connecting means to shift the links simultaneously so as to move one hook under one shoulder, a bracket extending from the rocker. and a spring connected between separated points on the bracket and the crank so vthat one or the other-of which is put under tension when the crank is moved into one or the other of two positions to resist a depression of the shift lever when one of the hooks is shifted in alineinent with moor-responding it). in atypewriter, the combinationof a typebasket, a rocker by which the basket is shifter, a shift lever with two shoulders, linkh ')oks depending from therocker adjacent to the shoulders, means to shift one or the other of the hooks under a shoulder that a depression of the shift levermay shift the type basket in one direction and vice versa, and a spring device associated with the rocker to resist the movement of the shift lever and type basket under either adjustment of the link-hooks; Q

11. In a typewriten'the combination of a rocker on a pivot, a bracket extending from ti'icrocl-zer, a pair of springs respectively con nected to separated points: on the bracket, and means to which thesp-rings are joined which isnrovable to one or the other side of the pivotal mounting to put one or the otlicr spring under tension and thus: draw up or down on the bracket;

12. In a typewriter, a rocker with pendent links: each with a hook, a shift lever extend,- ing across, the links and having a shoulder for each hook, means to shift the links to bring one or the other of the hooks under a shoulder, and a connecting piece joining the free ends of the links so thatthey move with a parallel motion. i

13. In a typewriter, a rocker having a link pendent at ea-cl'r end, each link with shook; an operating bar with a co'nnection toshift the links, a shifting lever with shoulders'in' respect to which the hooks are shifted, and means joining the links to cause them to move together when shifted.

14. A typewriter comprising a frame having an opening which includes a pair of recesses, case shift mechanism including a rocker with pendent links, and a crank having a connection to one of the links by which the rocker is shifted into one of twoypositions, said crank then occ irpying one of the recesses which corresponds to said position.

15. A typewriter comprising a shoe, a frame having extensions, hangers by which the frame is movably mounted in the shoe, arms extending from the'frame, and a movable type basket having bearing means engagingsaid arms and other engaging said extensions. I r

16. A typewriter comprising a shoe, a frame having extensions, hangers by which the frame is movably mounted in the shoe, arms extending from the frame, a movable type basket having bearing means engaging said arms and other bearing means engaging said extensions, and means carried by the frame for shifting the type basket on its bearings.

17. A typewriter including a frame with rearwardly extending arms, extensions on the frame, a movable: type basket having bearing means resting on and guided by said exteir sions, bearing lugs on ar1ns which extend rearwardly fr 5n the type basket engaging said frame arms, and a lug on cacl'r of said bearing mean-s movable between stops on said frame-extensions to limit the movement of the type basket and assist in its support 18. Ina typewriter, a. rear section of type bars, a platen, key levers, and actuating connect-ions between the key levers and type bars, certain of the connections crossing the bea ring means platen diagonally in one direction, other connections crossing the platen diagonally in the other direction, thereby leaving an open space through which the printing point is visible.

19, A typewriter having a platen, a phirality of type bars arranged in front and rear sections in respect to the platen, and

means in fixed relationship to the platen to be engaged by the shanks of the type bars inthe front section and by means on the tips of the type bars in the rear section to guide them to the printing point when dcpressed.

A. typewriter having a platen, a plurality of type bars divided into front and rear sections in respect to the platen, the type bars of the rear section having tip extensions: and guide means which is relatively in' din respect (o-the platen and defines a V-channcl to be engaged by theshanks of the type bars in the front section and the extensions of the type bars in the rear section for guidance to the printing point when depressed. p,

21. A typewriter having a rocker withdepending links, anoperating bar by which the links and rocker are shifted, a shaft having a crank to which one end of the bar is mounted, a frame having an arcuate open ing with'separated recesses to be occupied by the crank, and a block having a slot in which the bar is pivoted and which accommodates the vertical movement of the bar when the crank is shifted in said opening from one recess to the other.

22. A typewriter having a platen, a type basket havinga pair of bearing projections on each side of the platen, a plurality of bell cranks mounted on each bearing projection, type bars associated with the bearing projections to the rear of the platen, each having a connection to a bell crank, and connecting links joining diametrically opposite sets of hell cranks but crossing the platen to leave a space through which the printing point can be seen.

23. in combination with a typewriter frame, a rest carried by the frame, a shift lever movable on the frame, a shank pivotally mounted on the lever for lateral motion and including a key by which the lever is depressed and a projection adapted to engage the rest when the shank is moved laterally, and a siderpiece adjacent to the key by which the projection is disengaged from the rest.

2st. In a typewriter, a shift lever having an actuating shank pivoted thereto to enable lateral motion, a spring fastened between the lever and a lug on the shank, and a. tilting pin disposed between the lug and a part of the shank to aid in bearing the shank on the lever.

25. A typewriter comprising a frame having a plurality of type bars, a shoe having a platen, means to bodily shift the frame in respect to the shoe and platen, and means on the frame to shift the' type bars as a body in respect to both the frame and platen in any position of the shiftable frame.

26. A typewriter having a platen, a plurality of type bars selected in pairs of differently disposed sections at each side of the platen to respectively strike the printing point from the front and rear and from different directions, and links connecting diagonally oppositely disposed pairs of the sectrons and crossing the platen in such a manner as to leave a vacant space at the prmtmg pomt.

27. A typewriter having a platen, a type basket having a front wall and a rear wall,

arms extending from the front wall to support the rear wall, a plurality of type bars arranged in front and rear sections and pivoted adjacent to the bottom of each wall,

key levers having link connections with the type bars in the front sections to move them to the printing point by a downward pull of the links, bell cranks carried by the type basket having connecting links, those of which join the bars in the rear sections being adapted to move said bars to the printing point by an upward pull, certain of the connecting links crossing above the platen but leaving aspace to view the printing point; and arcuate fingers situated adjacent to the pivots of each type bar section providing spaces in which the type bars travel and are guided to the printing point.

28. In a typewriter, a type bar guide including inward extensions each having type bar guiding recesses and including shoulders which define a central passage, a plurality of type bar sections, one section having certain bars which are'adapted to enter said recesses and other bars which are adapted to enter said central passage at a place below the type bloc-k carried thereby, another section having bars provided with lugs adapted to enter said central passage, said lugs being situated beyond said blocks.

29. In a typewriter having a platen and key lever the combination of a type bar holding segment in the rear of the platen said segment having guiding fingers which define radial slots, type bars adapted to move in the slots of said segn'ient, means to ope ate the type bars in the said segment including links and bell cranks, said links crossing diagonally over the platen; means at the forward ends of these links to connect them to said key levers, and means at the rear connecting the bell cranks to crank formations outward of and near the bearings of the type bars, causing, upon depression of the key levers,a drawing upward on the cranked ends of said type bars in turn caus ing the type bars to strike downward upon the platen thereby leaving unobstructed access to the platen from the rear of the typewriter to insert or remove paper.

JOEL SMI H.

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