US1535623A - Automatic substation - Google Patents

Description

April 28, 1925 1,535,623

c. MCL. Moss ET AL AUTOMATI C SUBSTATION briginal' il ly 10. 1918 WITNESSES: a INVENTOR Raga-[M71 516 Wink ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 28, 1925.

UNITED STATES cinemas ML. Mo'ss, or rrr rsnunon, AND nor .1. WERSLEY',IOF nixmwoonaranx,

rnmrsnvnm-assmnons T wns'rmsnouse ELECTRIC column, s conromnou or rmsYLvanm 1,535,623 PATENT-OFFICE.

AND muracru'nnrq AUTOMATIC SUBSTATION.

A lication am Jul 10, 1918,8crial in. 244,233. Renewed amine; 1a,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, Cmnns McL. Moss,

a citizen of the Unit'edState's, anda resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, and Ro'Y J. Wmrsnnr, a citizen i of the --United States,

and a resident .of Edgewood Park, in the.

county of-Alleghehy and State of Pennsylvania,have invented a new and 'useful "Improvement in Automatic Substations, of which the following is a specification;

Our invention relates to automatic substations and trolling the 0 on of automatic substations for electric-railway systems.

.One obje'ct'of our invention is to rovide means responsive to the position of t e load on the railway system for automatically starting the converting devices of the substation.

Another object of our invention is-to provide a Wheatstone-bridge device for controllin the o ration of a. converting device.

g furt er ob'ect of our invention is to rovide a controlli device, of the above inicated character, t at shall besimple and inexpensive to construct and eflective -in its operation. p Y

In practicing our invention, we provide an electric-railway trolley circuit the impedance of portions of which constitutes one arm of a Wheatstone bri e. The unbalancing of the bridge is adapte to control the operation of a converting device; Since the position of an electric locomotive with respect to the trolley circuit determines the impedance of the circuit, the devicentay be adapted to be so responsive that the converting evice may .be started only when the locomotive is in iliec-ircuit l when a locomotiveii enters the the. zone or section that is to be supplied with energy from the substation.

The single figure of the accompanying iirawin is a die amrnatic 'view of an electric-mi way trol eycircuit embodying our inrcn'iion. 4 a

'A. direct-current trolley circuit 1 is adapted to be supplied' with energy from an alternating-current source 2 of ener through substations 3 and 26. That is, t ie converting device 4 of the substation 3'is adapted .0 he so controlled by alvheatstcne bridge 6 that it is automatically started and connected between 'the source 2 of energyand pa icplarly to means for consition of the locomotive 5, i 't section of the. circuit 1 that is to siipp li ed with may from the substation ,3. Iiiothe'r. words, the station 3 is operated'wlfen' a "ear is between a reactor 14 and areactoi '27fa'iid the station 26 is operative whena e istetween the reactor 28 and therirctbi-il" The Wheatstone bridge IG ears resistors 7- and 8, a reactor9, aj re 10 and a transformer 11 for operativelycon'li' lit" the bridge to the source 2 "of sis-ma i current electromotive' force. a 7 and 8 and the reactor 9 arms of the bridge, the' fourthlarni of wliibh is the impedance between thqpointsi lfand 13 of the circuit, 1. In other 'wordsithe' pj'dt t'o' the 7 points 12 and 13, determinesthefiinpdance of one arm of the bridge'ti. order toj'ensure correct operation of the bi'i'dgefa i eactor 14 is connected in the circuit '1 andthe bridge is supplied with voltage 'l.l- 1 ternatini-current source of electromotive' force. lso, in order-that the'o ration-of the device shall not be impaired season of the circulation of directcurrent hitlie circuit 1, a condenser 25 is coniicted 'inioir- Q cuit with the reactor'9. The relay is?c'on-"" nected across thepoints 15 ahdilfi-bj'th'e bridge, and its contact members 17'constitute the separable terminals-of a circuit 18icomprising an' actuatingelectromagnet lfiand a 85 source 20 of electromotive forom Reectors ma -b'e"substitu'ted for the resistors? and- 8 witliput affecting the operation-of thebridge. -"The converting device 14 comprisesan alternating-current motor 21 that is 'direotly connected to a direct-current neratorf 22. The motor 21 is connected, t rough a circuit-interrupter 23 and a transformer 24, to the main generator 2, and the neratol 22 is connected to the circuit 1. e el'e'c- 96 tromagnet 19 is adapted to'actu'ate the circult-interrupter 23 to thereby connect the motor 21 to the generator 2. under predetel-mined conditions.

- The Wheatstone bridge 6 'is so arranged that, when the'iinpedance across the points 12 and 13 is reduced'to a predetermined value by reasonof the locomotive 5-being between the reactors 14 and 27, theloontactmembers 17 of-the relay 10 will-be engaged. Whenthe contact members- 17 are engaged, the 'elect-romagne't- 19 will operate to operatively connect the motor 2l $o the generator 2 and thus cause the generator 22 to supply energyto the circuit 1. When the locomotive .5 moves to a remote position, as shown between the reactors 14 and 28, it is supplied with energy from the substation 26. The

impedance between the points 12 and 13 will be so increased that the -contact'members 17 will be disengaged and thereby permit the circuit-interrupter 23 to ,be opened and the motor 21 to be disconnected from the generator 2. With our invention, the

is outside the section connected to the respective bridges. The bridges. are balanced during the time when the locomotive -of means responsive chan is vin the sections connected thereto and thus the relays '10 which are so adjusted that their contact members are engaged when the bridges are balanced so energize the operating electromagnets 19 as to close the interrupters. The station '26 is provided with a motor generator set and with a bridge 6 similar (2) that of station 3.

; It will be understood that the motor 21 may be started by. the use of an of the means well known in automatic su stations and the generator 22 may be similarly controlled without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as set forth in the appended claims.

Weclaim as our invention Y 1. Inan electrical system, the combination with a main circuit, a direct-current trolley circuit and a transforming device, to the impedance of the trolley circuit for operatively connecting the transforming device between the main and the trolley circuits.

2. In an electrical system, the combination with a main circuit, a direct-curreit distributing circuit and a converting devi of means responsive to a change in impedance in the distributing circuit for operatively connecting the converting devicebetween the said circuits.

3. In an electrical system, the combination with an alternating-current main circuit, a direct-current load circuit and a converting device,

in resistance of the direct-current circuit for operatively connecting the convcrt-ing device between the said circuits.

4-. In an electrical system, the combination with an alternating-current main circuit 'a diret-current load circuit and a convertmg. device, of a Wheatstone bridge, the resistance of'portions of the load circuit constituting one arm of the bridge, and mearis whereby the bridge controls the conof means responsive to the nection of the converting device to the circuits.

5. In an electrical system, the combination with an. alternating-currerw main circuit, a direct-current load circuit and a converting device, of a VVheatstone bridge, the resistance of the load circuit constituting one arm of the bridge, and means dependent upon the chan e in balance of the bridge for control ng the connection of the converting device to the circuits.

6. In an electrical system, the combination with an alternating-current supply cir cuit, a direct-current trollev circuitand a rotary .converter, of means dependent upon the resistance of the direct-current circuit for controlling the operation of the rotary converter.

7. In an electrical system, the combination with an alternating-current supply ircuit, a direct-current trolley circuit and a rotary converter, of means dependent upon the change in impedance across a portion of the trolley circuit for controlling the operation of the rotary converter.

8. In a railway system, the combination with an alternating-current source ofenergy, a direct-current trolley circuit,; a plurality of converting devices and megns for connecting the converting devices between the source of energy and the trolley circuit, of means for subdividing the trolley circuit into a plurality of sections to be energized by predetermined converting devices and means co-operating with the subdividing means for controlling the connection of redetermined converting devices between tiie source and the trolley circuit.

9. In an electrical system, the combination with a source of energy and a continuous trolley "circuit, of means'for superimposing an alternating electromotive force thereon, means responsive to'the change in impedance in the trolley circuit to the alternating electromot-ive force for controlling the source of energy. e

10. In an electrical systern the combination with a source of energy and a trolley circuit, of a Wheatstone bridge device, one arm of which is the;impedance in portions of the trolley circu' and means actuated by the balancing of t abridge for controlling the source of energy.

11.;;In a railway system, the combination witlfanalternating-current source'of energyg'a direct-current trolley circuit, a plura it of converting devices and means for connecting the converting devices between the source of energy and the trolley circult, of means 'for subdividing the trolley circuit into a plurality of sections to be energized by predetermined converting devices and means co-operating with the trolley-circuitsubdividing means for perniittin the connection of an associated converting device 130 to the corresponding trolley-circuit section, while a vehicle iswithin theseetion zone "limited by the-circuit subdividing means, and for effecting the disconnection of the I converting device after the vehicle passes for, of means for out ,of .the zone to a point beyond either of the subdividing means.

12. The combination with a direct-elm rent load circuit and a'supply circuit theresuperimposing an alternating electromotive force on the load circuit and .for controlling the supply of energy from the. supply circuit to the load circuit in accordance with predetermined !8 conditions in the load circuit as indicated ofmeans for superimposin for controlling the suppliy by a current caused to traverse the load circuit. 13. The combination with a direct-current load circuit and a supply circuit therefor,

an alternatin electroniotive force on the cad circuit an for controlling the supply of energy from the supply circuit to the load circuit in accordane with the variation of the impedance of the' load circuit.

load circuit and a supply circuit therefor, of

nating electromotive a means for superimposing an alternatin electromotive force'on the load circuit and responsive to the impedance of the load circuit to the superimposed electromotive force for controlling the transfer of energy between the two circuits.

'16. The combination with a direct-current loadacircuit a supply circuit therefor, of meansffor superimposing an alternating electromotive force. on the load circuit and means responsive to the impedance of the load circuit for controlling the supply of energy to the load circuit.

17. 'The combination with a direct-current load circuit and a supply circuit therefor, of means for superimposing an alter-' force on the load circuit, means responsive to the impedanceof the load circuit and ineans controlled'thereby for controlling the supply of energy to the load circuit.

18. The method of controllingthe (20211100 tion of a converting device between an alternating source of ener and a direct-current trolley circuit w en a vehicle enters azone served by a predetermined section of the trolle circuit, which consists insub dividing'die trolley circuit into sections by means of a lurality of reactors and then oontrolling t e connection of a converting device to an associated section in accoruance with the variation in the value of the impedance of a section caused by the entrance of a vehicle into, and the exit of the vehicle" out of, the said section.

19. The method of controlling'the conned tion of a converting dev'icebetwecn an alter nating source of energy and a direct-cur--- I trolley circuit when a vehicle enters a 7.5 consists-in suhdi- I circuit into sections by reactors and their controlling t ie connection ofa convqrtin qzone served by a .prede'bcrlnined'section-of the trolley circuit, which viding the trolley means of a lurality of device to an 'ass'ociatedsection in accordance I thevalue of the imcircuit by the-err P l with the variation in pedance of the trolley trance of a vehicle into the said Section.-

20. The combination with'a load circuit and a supply circuit therefor, of means for" superimposing an alternating electromotlve="- force on the load circuit and normally insperative ineans rendered niined value fo energy to the load circuit.

21. The combination with a load circuit-'- having an electromotive force of one periooperativewhen ieimpedance ofl'tliy cirefiit attains apredeter controlling the supply of (licity and a supply circuit having an electromotive force of another periodicit ot means for superimposing" on the loa -ci'r-' cuit an electromot-ive force having a perio dic't'y other than thatof the load circuit to the -impedance of an means responsive su rim sed electro the load circuit to the motive force for control ing' e supply .of

endrgy to the load circuit. 4

Q2. The combination with a load circuith traversed by current of one periodicity and a supply circuittherefor, of means for i'mpressing an clectromotive force upon' theload circuit havin that of the load circuit'and for controlling a periodicity other than the load circuit imaccordance with the impedance thereof to the .superimposedelec tromotive force. Y

23. The combination .with a load circuit traverd by current of one periodicity and a supply circuit therefor, of means for'impressing an electromotive force 'upon the load circuit that of the load circuit and means responsive having a periodicity other tilB-IL to the impedance of the load circuit to 'thesuperimposed electroinotive force for controlling the energy translated between the supply and the load circuit.

- '24. In an electrical system of distribution,

the. combination with a load circuit and a source of energy therefor,o an auxiliary source, means for impressing a. potential therefrom upon the load circuit and means. responsive to the impedance of the load circuit including the connected loadforcone trol ing the connection of the load circuit to tl sourceof energy therefor;

In an electrical system of distribution in which a load circuit is connected to a main source of electrical supply, the method of controlling the load circuit which consists in impressing upon the circuit a potential from an auxiliary source and thereby causin 'a current to flow through the circuit inc uding the connected, load which varies with the impedance of the load circuit and then controlling the connection of the circuit to the main source in response to the efiect produced 1) the current.

26. In an electrics system of distribw tion, the combination with a load circuit, a source of energy therefor and connecting means therebetween, of means for impressing potential upon theload circuit, means responsive to an effect of the current caused to traverse the load circuit including the connected load by reason of said impressed potential, and means controlled thereby for controlling the actuation of the connecting means.

27. In an electrical system-of distribution, the combination with a load circuit, a source of energy therefor and connecting means there-between, of :means for impressing potential upon the load circuit while the connecting means is ineffective, to cause current to traverse the circuit including the connected load which shall vary with the impedance of the load circuit, and means operative in response to said current for controlling the actuation of the connecting -means.

28. The combination with a load circuit, a supply circuit therefor and connecting means therebetween, of means for superimposing an alternating electromotive force upon the load circuit and for controlling the supply of energy thereto from the supply circuit in accordance with a predetermined value of impedance in the load circuit including the connected load. A

29. The combinationwith a load circuit, a supplycircuit therefor and connecting means therebetween, of means for superimposing an alternating electromotive force upon the load circuit and for o crating the connectm cuit to t e'sup 1y circuit when the impedance of the oad circuit incliiding the connected load attains a predetermined value.

30. In an electrical system of distribution, a plurality of stations, energy-translating apparatus disposed at said stations, powertransmission circuit conductors between said stations, means'for connecting the translating apparatus to the power-transmission conductors to permit the apparatus to transmit energy thereto,-means for impressing u on the, transmission circuit conductors an e ectpiintive force having characteristics differing rom the characteristics of the means to connect tie load cir-' a pluralityof auxiliary or sub-stations at which energy translating apparatus are disposed, a common power transmission circuit to which the respective apparatus are to supply energy, means for connecting the respective apparatus to the power transmission circuit, means for'impressing upon the common circuit an electromotive force having characteristics differing from the characteristics of the normal operating potential of the power circuit, and. means associated with the respective translating apparatus and responsive to an effect of the impressed electromotive force for selectively controlling the translation ,of energy from the'associated apparatus to the power circuit.

In an electrical system of distribution, a plurality of' auxiliary or sub-station's at which energy translating apparatus are disposed, a common power transmission circuit to which the respective apparatus are to supply energy, means for connecting the respective apparatus to the power transmisslon circuit, means for impressing upon the common circuit an electromotive force having characteristics differing from the characteristics of the normal operating potential of the power circuit, a source of energy for the respectiveapparatus, and means respon- 'sive to an efiect of the impressed electromotive force for selectively controll' translation of energy from an associa 'apparatus to the power circuit bycontrolling the energy su plied to the apparatus.

33. In an e ectrical system of distribution, a plurality of auxiliary or sub-stations: at which energy translating apparatus are disposed, a common power transmission circuit to which the respective apparatus are to supply energy, means forconnecting the the respective apparatus to the powerftfransmission circuit, means for impressingnpon the common circuitan electromotive force hav ing characteristics differing from the characteristics of the normal operating potential of the power circuit, and means associated with the respective translating apparatus selectively responsive tothe efi'ects of pressed electromotive force for controlling thetranslation of energy to the powercircuit from the associated apparatus.

34. In an electrical system of distribution,

a plurality of auxiliary or sub-stations at which energy translating apparatus are disposed, a common power transmission cir-' cuit to which the respective apparatus are to supply energy, means for connecting the respective apparatus to the power transmis- .sion circuit, means for impressing upon the power circuit an electromotive force and means associated with the respective translating apparatus and selectively responsive to an effect of the impressed electromotive force for controlling the translation of energy to the power circuit from the associated apparatus.

35. In an electrical system of distribution, a plurality of auxiliary or sub-stations at which energy translating apparatus are disposed, a common power transmission circuit to which the respective apparatus are to supply energy, means for connecting the respective apparatus to the power transmission circuit, means for impressing upon the common circuit an electromotive force having characteristics differing from the characteristics of the normal operating potential of the power circuit, means for connecting the apparatus to the power circuit, a source of energy for each translating apparatus, means for controlling the suppl. of energy to the associated apparatus and means re- I sponsive to an eflect of the impressed electromotive force for controlling the supply of energy to-the translating apparatus.

36. An automatically reclosing circuitcontrol ing device comprising means for controlling the interchange of energy in an electrical system and means comprising a Wheatstone bridge connected to the system for controlling said controlling means.

37. An automatically actuable circuit-controlling device comprising means for permitting the transfer of energy from one portion of a system to another portion thereof and means for controlling the transferring means comprising a Wheatstone bridge,

one arm of which includes one portion of the system.

38. An automatically actuable circuit-controlling device comprising means for transferring energy from one portion of a system to another portion thereof, means whereby one portion of the system is connected to a network of resistors to constitute a Wheatstone bridge and means responsive to a predetermined balance therein for controlling the transferring means.

39. An automatically reclosing circuitcontrollin device comprising an operating coil, an e ectric power system, a switch in said system controlled by said operating coil, a plurality of resistors composed into a network connected to the power s stem for producing a plurality of potentiai gradients and means responsive to the potential difference between predetermined points of the network for controlling the ener ization of the operating coil to control t e operation of the switch.

40. An automatically reclosing circuitcontrolling device comprising an operating coil, an electric power system, a switch in said system controlled by said operatin coil, and a plurality of resistors composed into a network connected to the wer system for producing a pluralit 0 potential gradients, the operating coi being energized to control the operation of the switch when a predetermined potential difference obtains between predetermined points of the network.

41. An automatically reclosing circuitcontrolling device comprising an operating coil,- an electric power system, a switch in said system controlled by said operating coil, a plurality of a network connected constitute a plurality of circuits-and means for energizing the operating coilto control the operation of the switch when a predetermined potential difference obtains between predetermined points of the network.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names this 26th day of June,

1918. ()HARLES McL. MOSS. ROY J. WENSLEY.

resistors composed into to the power system to

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