US1533172A - Breathing bag for self-contained breathing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

April 14, 1925. 1,533,172

A. B. DRAGER BREATHING BAG FOR SELF CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS Filed April 13, 1922 z sheetn sheat 1 I "I I April 14; 1925.

1,533,172 A. B. DRKGER BREATHING BAG FOR SELF CON'LAINBD BREATHING APPARATUS F1104 April 13, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lii Patented Apr. 14, 1925.

. Uhll'lhll STATES Pfii l'fihl l OFFICE.

ALEXANDER BERITHABDDBKGER, or LUBECK GERI'yIAN Y.

BREATHING BAG. SELF-CGI-TTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS.

Application fi1ed-April 13, 1922. Serial No. 552,070.

andlthe like, and more particularly rerors to improverments in and relating to the a hiilemg of su area atss which is well known is principally composed oi cartridge having an purifying charge adapted :l'QlillB absorption of carbonic acid from the exhaled air, breathing pipes controlled by breathing valves, an oxygen, container and a breathing bag, which parts are so put together in the well known way that the exhaled air passes through or contacts the purifying charge and is breathed in again as purified airwith or without revivifying oxygen, while any excess of the purified or revivifiedair passes into the breathing ha Before such an apparatus is put into use, thebreathing' bag, and.the-lungs also as much as possiblemust be emptied t ordinary respirable air, up to four-fifths of which, as is well known, consists of nitrogen, The reason for this is that it too much nitrogen remains in the air within the apparatus, the person wearing the sameis consta ntly subjected to a lack of oxygen, be-;

cause as soon as the oxygen in the breathing bagis used up, he will then receive only nitrogen into his lungs. This deficient sup ply of oxygen to the blood might be manifested by the wearer of the apparatus soon becoming insensible.

Contamination of the air in the apparatus can also be caused by traces of poisonous gases getting intothe apparatus from outside, when during inhalation a certain decrease or reduction of pressure is produced and the apparatus is not perfectly air tight all over in all its several parts. Traces of such inhaledpoisonous gases may accumulate during the course of the action of breathing to a dangerous extent, especially since the poisonous gases entering the ap V )aratus invariably remain therein. It must be remembered that it is possible for such a danger to occur 1n every self-continued bra ithing apparatus because a certain increase of pressure is produced on exhalation and a certain reduction of pressure on in halation, as otherwise no movement of the air takes place.

These disadvantages can be obviated or at any rate reducec breathing bag be so construct-ed thatit has .endency and the power to set itself-in a flat extended or deflated position andto a minimum, if the there: y automatically empty itself. In the w orcathing bags hitherto usual-lyrmployed and not pro'vide-dswith any apI'Jropriate means of deflation, such automatic setting oi the bag into the {lat position is not possiblc. fie'iccording to this invention the obcct aimed at is attained by providing the breathing bag: with suitably formed andar ranged extending or pressing springs, which tend to spread or set the breathingbag. in its flat position or hold it flat. Such a breathing bag will be entirely emptied ot air by its own action at the beginning of the action ol? inhaling. On the other hand such breathing bag provided with means for holding it emptied, will; owing to its being still more or less inflated during the operation of breathing, immedlatelyuforce.

air into the apparatus to support respiration whendue' to a deep inhalation any reduc tion of pressure occurs in the aircirculating systeinoi' the apparatus therebypreventing or obv at ng any inpirlous suctional action of the reduced pressure on any leaking places in the apparatus.

The use of an extending or self-emptying breathing bug may in some circumstances render exhalation somewhat diiiiciilt. This disadvantage is however so small in con1- parison with the advantages secured that it can wellaliord to be ignored.

In the accompanying sheets oi drawing is shown more diagrammatically in Figure 1 a constructional example of a breathing constructed according to this invention.

Figure 2 shows another modification in which the means tendingto empty the bag are constructed in the form of clamping springs adapted to embrace andprcss together the side walls of the bag. Figure?) is a cross-sectional view on tho linen- 13 of the Figure fl, and Fig. e is a view illustrat ing the bag of Fig. 1 in operative combination with an apparatus with which it may be used.

7 ot the kind in question is well known, no

As a self-contained breathing apparatus detailed description of the same is needed.

The breathing bag .9 (Fig. 1) of any suitable configuration and size is provided at one side in. well known manner with an opening into 'which there is inserted a coupling ring i known per se, by means of which the breathing bag is connected to the air duct of the apparatus. The breathing bag .9 is externally provided, approximately in the middle of its four edges, with pockets 9. Into these pockets there are inserted, with their turned downer rounded 01f ends,

7 the four resilient wire yokes n in the manner shown in Figure 1. The free ends of these externally applied wire yokes, tending to spring apart, have co-operatively the tendency to force outwards the middle or centre parts of the four edges of the breathing bag, in order in this way to keep the bag stretched flat and to cause its two walls to bear tightly against each other.

In the example shown such stretching yokes n are only applied to one flat side of the breathing bag, but they may also be provided on both flat sides of the bag or alternately upon the one end and the other flat side.

The arrangement selected for the stretch-' ing yokes permits adjustment from the exterior of the bag and gives the bag a very great capacity of movability in all directions, so that the person carrying the apparatus is not hampered in his movements 1n any way.

According to the constructional form shown in Figures 2 and 3 the keeping flat, or the return of the inflated bag 8 to the flat position, is'not effected by means of stretching-springs but by means of pressure or clamping springs which are pushed like clips upon the edges of the breathing bagand act with their shoulders or legs from both sides against the lateral walls of the breathing bag and thus tend to press the respirable air out of the breathing bag and flatten the breathing bag. 7

For connecting the bag 8 to the air duct of the breathing apparatus the said bag has an aperture 0 with a coupling ring 21 of known type inserted therein. A number of suitably distributedclamping springs are I pushed upon the edges of the bag in a cliplike manner. Each clamping spring consists of a spiral portion 2 wound from a piece of wire, with spring-action legs a and a which, in order to secure a greater surface of pressure, are provided with annular discs (6 and 03 or the like of rigid material. The legs of the clamping springs springing together press, by moving the side walls 'towardseach other, upon a decrease in the inflation or tension of the breathing bag, a correspondlng uantity or air out of the breathing bag and into the air duct of the,

breathing apparatus, whereby in a similar manner as through the stretching springs of Figure 1 prejudicial suction-effects caused by any pressures being under the atmospheric pressure and occurring at leaky parts of the apparatus are prevented.

The attachment of the clamping springs to the breathing bag falling oti, may be etiected in any suitable manner, for instance, as shown in the figures, in that the legs of the individual clamping springs are sewn by means of a couple of stitches y and 3 to the edge or rim of the breathing bag, or they may be buttoned on by means 01" small loops or any other system may be adopted. 7

The clamping springs give the breathing bag a good capacity for movement in all directions so that the person carrying the breathing apparatus furnished with thelsaid, bag is not hampered in his movements in any way.

For the purpose of illustrating a practical installation of the invention, the bag of Fig. 1 is shown in Fig. i in operative combination with an apparatus with which it may be used. This apparatus comprises a mouth piece 10 connected by means of a breathing pipe 11 to an exhalation valve 12 located in a valve chest 13 and a pipe l-i connects this valve chest with the upper end of an air purifying cartridge of absorber 15. The lower end of the latter is connected by means of a pipe 16 to an inhalation valve 17 in said valve chest 13 and an inhalation pipe 18 connects the latter with the mouth piece 10. The pipe 16 which constitutes part of theair duct of. the apparatus, is connected also with the breathing bag .9 by means of the coupling ring z and, by means of a branch pipe 19, it communicates with an oxygen bottle 20, a reducing valve 21 being preterably located in said branch pipe 19 as shown. The bag 8 shown in Figs. 2 and 3 may be similarly connected with the same apparatus which may operate in the well known and customary manner. It will be understood that the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 is only an example of practical utilization of the invention.

I claim:

1. The combination of a breathing bag for self-contained breathing apparatus means located exteriorly of the bag for automatically deflating the latter to expel its contents.

as a. security against" ill and

2. The combination or a breathing bag for.

ing means acting upon said side Walls to antomatically flatten said bag and expel its contents. I

The combination of a breathing bag for self-contained breathing apparatus and externally located clamping springs extending over the edges of said bag to automatically flatten the same and thereby expel its contents.

I 5. The combination of a breathing bag for self-contained breathing apparatus, externally located clamping springs extending over the edges of said bag to automatically flatten the same and thereby expel its contents and pressure members carried by said springs at their free ends.

6. The combination of a breathing ag for self-contained breathing apparatus, externally located clamping springs extending over the edges of said bag to automatically flatten the same and thereby expel its c0ntents and means whereby said springs are secured to the bag.

ALEXANDER BERNHARD DRKGER.

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