US1530394A - Canal lock - Google Patents

Description

CANAL LOCK Filed Feb. 18, 1924 2 Shee'ts-Shreot 2 wif" @l IIIIIIII advantageously used,

Patented Mar. 17, 1925.

' UNITED STATES PATENT, oFFlcr-z.

ARTHURHUGO MLLEa'o-F BLANKENEsnNEAn' HAMBURG, GERMANY.

CANAL LOCK. l

Application flied February 1s, 1924. ser'iai No. 693,715.

To all whom t may concern: 5

Be it known that I, ARTHUR HUGO ML- LER, citizen of Germany, residing at Blankenese, near Hamburg, 'Germany, have invented certain vnew and yuseful Imp-rovemen-ts in aCanalLock, ofwhich the following is a specification. l y

The eficiency `of av canal-lock depends especially on the rapidity with which the lock chamber can be` filled or'emptied with-` out endangering the boats or ships by too strong currents or formationsk of waves.. The object of the present inventlonvis to,k

construct a lock, whichfully answersthese requirements, and Valso a lock which can ,be

where there is a copious amount 'of water, for instancepin canal ized rivers. f

The novelty of the rpresent lock consists'- therein that the living `forceof the water rushing forth in filling the lock is broken in special appeasing basins, which are arranged at both sides'longitudinally tothe completej lock, and are separated from the lock chamber proper by. al partition wall, which is perforated by a large number of openings similar toa sieve or a grate. By suitably constructing and arranging thesebasins-or side ponds and the channels, which connect them` with the upper and lower reach, and which can bev closed in any known manner, a perfectly uniform distribution of the water is gained, which enters or leaves the lock chamber at a low speed and thus prevent' endangering. currents and wave-formations.

The canal-lock described above `is well adapted where there is always a copious amount of water. If however, the water is scarce, or at certain times of the year becomes scarce, itis advisable to make some alterations, because the lateral appeasing basins must be completely filled with water each time ships lorfboatsare to be sluiced."v

By constructingthe Aintermediate `Hoor in these appeasing `basins that portion above the floorf can be used .as a spare basin.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings the plany of a canal-lock isl shown, which by way of example is adapted for a canalized river.

Fig. 2 is a section drawn to the line 2-2 Fig. 3 1s an elevation of part of the perforated side wall.

Fig. 1 1 is a modification of the canal-lock *adapted to be used as a' spare canallock,

the upper half being showninplan and the lo-werhalf in horizontal section. i

Fig.' 5 is a section drawnto the line ,5-5

of Fig. 4. l .A y

In the construction show n in the drawing a is the chamber of the lock serving to over# rwhich is in proper proportion' to the amount of the sluicing water entering or flowingvout4 in this way that on the one hand the velocity of the water entering the chamber a is 4sufficiently small, tov guarantee that yno en-y dangering waves or whirl-pools are created, and on thev other hand no power is lost to break the waves and the currents by the perforated wall j.y

'To provide for an even or bution ofthe current ofthe passing water to the complete length of the perforated wall and to preventlongitudinal currents in so l Auniform distri the chamber the gates d are arranged as near as possible in the center of the canal-lock, and the appeasing basins are given approximately the shape of a delta the basis of which is a perforated wall, and the apex being formed by the inlet or outlet channels. In order to damp the current of water directly towards the center of the wall the openings are reduced here 'in number and .cross section.

wWhere the local oonditionsand the scarcity of water prohibit the arrangement -of suicient `large appeasing'basins equal or uniform distribution ycan. be gained by thel aid of intermediate` walls z' of about `half the height of the basin, as may be gathered from the lower half of Fig. 1 and of Fig. 3', cutting up. thecurrent lab-yrinthically.l

' The reference characters O, W and U, WV

indicate respectively, the' high the low w ater levels.

Cal

In the modiiication shown in Figs. -1 and 5 the basins are divided by a horizontal intermediate floor c, which is supported by pillars or columns m, the spaces below the floor forming the appeasing basins c3 and c4 and the upper spaces forming the spare basins L, which can be brought in. connection with the appeasing basins by opening interposed cylindrical valves or gates n. The spare basins can be moreover connected with the upper and lower water by the gates 0 and o, while the appeasing basins e3 and e4 can be made to communicate with the upper and lower water by opening the valves fp and 22- The modified lockshown in Figs. 4 and 5 can be operated in three different ways. Firstly, it can be used in the same manner as is described above with reference to the Figs. l-3 thatV is to say without making use ef the spare basins 7L. Secondly, the lock can be used as a spare lock in which one part of the water is retained in the Spare'ba-sins, when the chamber a is emptied.

` rIfhis retained'water can later on be used for p artly filling the chamber' again, thus working on a very economical system. Thirdly, the lock can be used as a combined spare and quick lock by again retaining part of the water in the spare basins, when emptying the chamber and 4then slowly filling up the spare basins up to the level of the upper water, so as to enablethe lockchamber to be filled with a large amount of water from the spare basins, thus working on an economical and at the same time quick operating system. Taking it for granted that the superficial area of the bottom of the spare basins and that of the lock chamber is equal, one half of the water for filling the chamber a up to the level can be taken from the spare basins, the rest of which is then allowed to slowly rundown to. the lower water preparatory to the spare basins again being filled with half the amount of the water contained in the lockchamber, when this is emptied.

The object of' the combined spare and quick lock is to damp the sluicing Waves of the upper and lower water. It is true, this is done at thecripense oi the consumption of water, which. in this case is as large as with a common canal-lock, while when operating on the economical system say one third of the amount of water can be spared, taking the area 'of the spare basins to be equal to that of the lock chan'lber. The advantage gained in, either case consists therein, that with regard te the usual lock constructions time is saved, because by the use of the appeasing basins the force of water is broken and balanced to such an exten-t, that the fillingand emptying-valve or gate can be dimensioned within such limits as economy and the generation of sluicing waves in the upper and lower .water will warrant. rllhe sluicing waves will be considerably reduced when working on the economical system, and they will be still to a greater extent calmed down inthe operation described 1 above as a combined economical and quick operating system.

Alt will be seen that the canal-lock can be used in a manifold way, depending on the amount of water at hand at the different times in the year or on other circumstances.

I claim:

l. A canal-lock comprising a. lock chamber, an appeasing basin alongside ofthe lock chamber, a perforated wall intermediate of the lock chamber and the appeasing basin, inletand outlet-gates for `the appeasing basin, the inlet-gate adapted to connect the basin with the upper water and the outletgage with the lower water.

' 2. A canal-lock comprising a lock chamber, an appeasing basin alongside of the lock chamber, a perforated wallintermediate of the lock chamber and the appeasing basin, inletand outlet-gates for the appeasing basin, the inlet-gate adapted to connect the basin with the Lipper water and the outlet-gate with the lower water, the appeasing basin having in plan 'somewhat the shape of a delta, and the inletandv o utlet gates being situated near the center of the canal-lock.

3. A canal-lock comprising a lock chamber, an appeasing basin along each side of the lock chamber, perforated walls inter- 100 mediate of the lock chamber and. the appeasing basinspinletand outlet-gates for the appeasing basins, the inlet-gates adapted to connect the basins with the upper water and the outlet-gates with the lower 105 water.

4. A canal-lock comprising a lock chamber, an appeasing basin, alongside of the lock chamber, a perforated, wall intermediate of the lock chamberl and the appeasing 110 basin, inletand `outlet-gates for the appeasing basin, the inlet-gate adapted to con-V nect the basin with the upperl water and the outlet-gate with the lower water, a spare basin above the appeasing basin and pro- 115 vided with a valve for connecting with the ap] c asi n g basin.

5. A canal-lock comprising a lockl chainber, an appeasiug basin., alongside of thc lock chamber, a perfo-ratedwall interme- 130 diate of the lock chamber and the appeasing basin,` inletand outlet-gates for the appeasing basin, thev inlet-gate adapted to connect the basin with the upper water and the outlet-gate with the lower water, a spare 125 basin above the appeasing basin and provided with a valve for connecting with the appeasing basin, and with valves for connecting with the upper and with the lower water.

6. A canal-100k'comprising a loek-cham- 'and vthe outlet-gates with the lower Water, bel', an appeasng basin along each side of a spare basin above eachappeasng basin the leek chamber, a perforated Wall nterand provided `with avalve for connecting 10 mediate of the look chamber and each ap- With the appeasng basin, and With Valves 5 peasng basin, nletand outlet-gates for the for Connecting With the upper and With the appeasng basins, the inlet-gates adapted to lower Water. l connect the basins With the upper Water. v ARTHUR HUGO MULLER,

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