US1528884A - Harold t - Google Patents
Harold t Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1528884A US1528884A US1528884DA US1528884A US 1528884 A US1528884 A US 1528884A US 1528884D A US1528884D A US 1528884DA US 1528884 A US1528884 A US 1528884A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- oil
- soaps
- solvent
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 12
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000779819 Syncarpia glomulifera Species 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021506 iron(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001739 pinus spp. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010414 supernatant solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940036248 turpentine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
- C07C309/01—Sulfonic acids
- C07C309/02—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C309/20—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
Definitions
- the object of my invention is to produce a mineral oil derivative that is adapted to the manufacture of a linseed oil substitute and a drying oil and probably to many other useful purposes.
- the invention comprises a process for making this derivative. It is. preferred to practice the-process in accordance with the description herein, although it will be understood that precise adherence to the specified details of treatment is not required in order to produce the product sought.
- the condensate After con- (lensing the vapors, the condensate is run into an agitator and treated with an alkali, such as caustic soda, calcium h droxid, potassium hydroxid, sodium car onate, etc., preferably caustic soda. After settlement, the precipitate, which is drawn ofi comprises mainly the fatty acid soaps sought to be recovered with a very small proportion of mineral oil.
- an alkali such as caustic soda, calcium h droxid, potassium hydroxid, sodium car onate, etc.
- fatty acid soaps are run into a conical agitator, to which is added asuitable solvent, such as one of the light hydrocarbons known as turpentine substitutes, which, in the distillation of crude petro- Application filed March 24., 1923. Serial No. 627,320.
- a suitable solvent such as one of the light hydrocarbons known as turpentine substitutes, which, in the distillation of crude petro- Application filed March 24., 1923. Serial No. 627,320.
- a 5 Baum solution of a mineral acid preferably sulfuric acid
- a mineral acid preferably sulfuric acid
- Approximately ten per cent of the above acid solution will be necessary to complete the neutralization. Care should be taken to avoid the use of too much acid, as otherwise the fatty acids will be precipitated through splitting up or decomposition of the soap. The end point is easily observable. At its approach the solution assumes a drab translucent appearance, and a trace of pink should remain on the phenolphthalein paper, which I find is most convenient in this neutralizing step.
- a 7 Baum solution of aluminum sulfate, Al (S0,) is then added very slowly while the above mentioned agitation continues.
- This solution is made by using approximately ten per cent aluminum sulfate in ninety per cent water gravimetrically meas ured. If a precipitate (curdy in appearance) appears before the first quarter of the total aluminum sulfate solution has .been added, it shows that the solution is being introduced too rapidly, and the addition of this" solution should be discontinued until the curds have been redissolved in the mixtu're. The addition of the solution. is then continued slowly until an amount, measured by volume, equal to about twenty per cent of the total amount of soaps, has been added.
- the appearance of the light colored precipitate denotes the point at which the addition of the sulfate solution should be discontinued, as the above mentioned light colored precipitate is aluminum hydroxide with a little ferrous hydroxide present as an impurity, and its presence in the resinate would probably be detrimental for certain purposes.
- the compound should be agitated for about an hour to insure a one hundred per cent conversion of the soda soap to aluminum resinate. After permitting settlement, the
- salt water is drawn off, and the supernatant solution is washedwwith; hot water or steam until free from sulfates. This is ascertained by testing the wash water with a barium chlorid solution.
- salt water is meant the water containing the chemical salt that has dissolved therein.
- the washed solution is thenpumped to a still and should be steamed for about an hour and settled for about two hours.
- the condensed water is then drawn off 'and the solvent distilled off with fire and-steam. If a hard dry material is desired, the still should be sampled until the residuum has reached the proper state.
- the still at no time should be superheated, as the distillation should be so conducted as to insure a good, dry, flexible compound with a good color.
- the still is cooled (always having a certain amount of steam passing through the residuum) to a point where the necessary solvent can be added. This should be done slowly. The light end of the solvent should not be distilled over, as the rapid drying features of the material would be impaired by such treatment.
- any commercial dryer may be added by the 2.
- composition adapted for use in making a linseed oil substitute, drying oil, etc. which comprises manufacturing fatty acid soaps from mineral oil, dissolving the soaps in a hydrocarbon solvent, heating and adding a solution of .a mineral acid with agitation, adding a solution of aluminum sulfate with agitation, separating the water containing the salt from the solution and distilling oil the solvent.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
Patented Mar. 10, 1925.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
HAROLD T. MZAITLAND, OF SHARON HILL, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO SUN OIL COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING A NEW COMPOSITION FROM MINERAL OIL.
No Drawing.
T 0 all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, HAROLD T. MAI LAND, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Sharon Hill, county of Delaware, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Processes of Manufacturing a New Composition from Mineral Oil, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.
The object of my invention is to produce a mineral oil derivative that is adapted to the manufacture of a linseed oil substitute and a drying oil and probably to many other useful purposes.
The invention comprises a process for making this derivative. It is. preferred to practice the-process in accordance with the description herein, although it will be understood that precise adherence to the specified details of treatment is not required in order to produce the product sought.
In practicing the process I start with certain products that have been extracted by me from crude petroleum and that react with alkalies to form soaps. These prodnets are believed to be organic acids of the resin group present in the crude petroleum. They are known as saponifiable oils, organic acids, fatty acids, etc., and are herein after, for convenience, designated as fatty acids. One method of extracting these fatty acids is set forth in my Patent No. 1,425,882, issued August 15, 1922. I prefer, however, to extract these fatty acids, in the form of soaps, by the process set forth in an application filed by me March 24, 1923, Serial No. 627,317. In accordance with the preferred mode of executing this process therein described, I first distill the crude petroleum to substantial dryness. After con- (lensing the vapors, the condensate is run into an agitator and treated with an alkali, such as caustic soda, calcium h droxid, potassium hydroxid, sodium car onate, etc., preferably caustic soda. After settlement, the precipitate, which is drawn ofi comprises mainly the fatty acid soaps sought to be recovered with a very small proportion of mineral oil.
These "fatty acid soaps are run into a conical agitator, to which is added asuitable solvent, such as one of the light hydrocarbons known as turpentine substitutes, which, in the distillation of crude petro- Application filed March 24., 1923. Serial No. 627,320.
F. by means of a steam coil or with live steam.
To the heated solution is added very slowly a 5 Baum solution of a mineral acid, preferably sulfuric acid, the solution being thoroughly agitated with live steam or air until the excess sodium hydrate present is almost neutralized. This can be determined by using, in the titration, alcohol instead of water, in order to prevent decomposition of the soap. Approximately ten per cent of the above acid solution will be necessary to complete the neutralization. Care should be taken to avoid the use of too much acid, as otherwise the fatty acids will be precipitated through splitting up or decomposition of the soap. The end point is easily observable. At its approach the solution assumes a drab translucent appearance, and a trace of pink should remain on the phenolphthalein paper, which I find is most convenient in this neutralizing step.
A 7 Baum solution of aluminum sulfate, Al (S0,) is then added very slowly while the above mentioned agitation continues. This solution is made by using approximately ten per cent aluminum sulfate in ninety per cent water gravimetrically meas ured. If a precipitate (curdy in appearance) appears before the first quarter of the total aluminum sulfate solution has .been added, it shows that the solution is being introduced too rapidly, and the addition of this" solution should be discontinued until the curds have been redissolved in the mixtu're. The addition of the solution. is then continued slowly until an amount, measured by volume, equal to about twenty per cent of the total amount of soaps, has been added. A break in the mixture will be noticed during theintroduction of the last seventy-five per cent of the total amount of aluminum sulfate and a brown homogeneous viscous liquid, which I designate aluminum resinate, will separate andcome to the top of the mixture. The salt water remaining in the bottom should be sampled and tested with a little of the aluminum sulfate. solution in Order to determine the end point of precipitation. Completion of the precipitation will be denoted by a light yellow color of the now transparent salt water as well as by the appearance of a very light colored precipitate which will begin to appear as soon as the resinate has been thrown out of solution. The appearance of the light colored precipitate denotes the point at which the addition of the sulfate solution should be discontinued, as the above mentioned light colored precipitate is aluminum hydroxide with a little ferrous hydroxide present as an impurity, and its presence in the resinate would probably be detrimental for certain purposes. After completion of precipitation, the compound should be agitated for about an hour to insure a one hundred per cent conversion of the soda soap to aluminum resinate. After permitting settlement, the
salt water is drawn off, and the supernatant solution is washedwwith; hot water or steam until free from sulfates. This is ascertained by testing the wash water with a barium chlorid solution. By salt water is meant the water containing the chemical salt that has dissolved therein.
The washed solution is thenpumped to a still and should be steamed for about an hour and settled for about two hours. The condensed water is then drawn off 'and the solvent distilled off with fire and-steam. If a hard dry material is desired, the still should be sampled until the residuum has reached the proper state. The still at no time should be superheated, as the distillation should be so conducted as to insure a good, dry, flexible compound with a good color.
If a quick drying oil is desired, the still is cooled (always having a certain amount of steam passing through the residuum) to a point where the necessary solvent can be added. This should be done slowly. The light end of the solvent should not be distilled over, as the rapid drying features of the material would be impaired by such treatment.
If gasoline be added to the compound until the solution has about the consistency of linseed oil, a good linseed oil substitute is produced. I have found the solution to have special utility for coating machined work to prevent it from rusting before going into use. When used as a drying oil,
any commercial dryer may be added by the 2. The process of manufacturing a composition adapted for use in making a linseed oil substitute, drying oil, etc., which comprises distilling crude petroleum to drive off a distillate containing fatty acids,
treating the distillate with an alkali in order to saponify the contained fatty acids, separating out the fatty acid soaps, dissolving the soa'ps in a hydrocarbon solvent, treating thev solution successively with a mineral acid and aluminum sulfate, separating out of the water containing the salt} and distilling off the solvent.
3. The process of manufacturing a composition adapted for use in making a linseed oil substitute, drying oil, etc., which comprises manufacturing fatty acid soaps from mineral oil, dissolving the soaps in a hydrocarbon solvent, heating and adding a solution of .a mineral acid with agitation, adding a solution of aluminum sulfate with agitation, separating the water containing the salt from the solution and distilling oil the solvent.
4. The process of manufacturing a composition adapted for use .in' making a lin seed oil substitute, drying oil, etc., which comprises manufacturing fatty acid soaps from mineral oil, dissolving the soaps in a hydrocarbon solvent, heating and adding gradually a solution of a mineral acid with agitation, adding gradually a solution of aluminum sulfate with agitation and continuing the agitation until substantially all the soa is converted to aluminum resinate, separating out the water containing the salt, washing the solution substantially free from sulfates, steaming and then settling the solution, drawing off the condensed water, and distilling oil' the solvent.
In testimony of which invention,I have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, Pa., on this 8th day of March, 1923.
HAROLD T. MAITLAND.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1528884A true US1528884A (en) | 1925-03-10 |
Family
ID=3408113
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1528884D Expired - Lifetime US1528884A (en) | Harold t |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1528884A (en) |
-
0
- US US1528884D patent/US1528884A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2028091A (en) | Esters of sulphodicarboxylic acids | |
US2283214A (en) | Washing, wetting, and emulsifying agent | |
US1528884A (en) | Harold t | |
US2121616A (en) | Sulphates of polybasic acid esters | |
US2000244A (en) | Process for separation and recovery of naphthenic acids and phenols | |
US2084506A (en) | Process fob preparing improved | |
US1387835A (en) | Process of purifying hydrocarbon oils | |
US1965191A (en) | Emulsifiable oxidized hydrocarbon and preparation of same | |
US2028185A (en) | Process for obtaining valuable products from acid sludge | |
US1722904A (en) | Condensed aromatic sulphonic acids and process of making same | |
US2121845A (en) | Process for producing clear lightcolored, water-soluble sulphonation products of mineral oil | |
US2121617A (en) | Esters of sulphato-carboxylic acids | |
US2115807A (en) | Process for treating oils with sul | |
US2025715A (en) | Method for clarifying liquids and producing useful products | |
US2264737A (en) | Wetting, detergent, and emulsifying agents | |
US2121032A (en) | Detergent and wetting agent and process of producing the same | |
US1869231A (en) | Process for preparing valuable compounds from the refining wastes of cracked products, particularly cracked benzines | |
US2205946A (en) | Alkyl phenol sulphonates | |
US2351545A (en) | Manufacture of varnishes | |
US2416397A (en) | Refining mineral oils | |
US2185951A (en) | Process for the production of polymerized unsaturated hydrocarbons | |
US1813454A (en) | Saponification | |
US2111911A (en) | Process for preparing improved acid derivatives of hydrocarbon oils and products thereof | |
US1459328A (en) | Charles h | |
US2161317A (en) | Oxidation inhibitor and process for preparing same |