US1526768A - Car roof - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 17. 1925.

v c. D. BoNsALl.

v CAR ROOF 3 Sheets-Sheet l mm1\wwwwww] m Wi Feb. 17. 1925. Y l 1,526,768

c. D. BoNsALL.

CAR ROOF Fil d Qct 2 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 17, 1925. 1,526,768

c. D. BoNsALL.

CAR ROOF Filed Oct. Q 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 rammed Feb. '17,' 1925.

AlJNiTEo STATES cuantas DAVID BoNsALL, or ranNAssUs, PENNSYLVANIA, AssIeNon, BY iirasmiv 1,526,768 PATENT) OFFICE.

ASSIGNMENTS, T P. H. MURPHYV COMPANY, 0F PARNASSUS, PENNSYLVANIA,

A CORPORATION 0F PENNSYLVANIA..

can Boor.

Application mea 0mm 2, 4192e. serial no. 414,302.)`

To all whom z't lmay concern.' j

, Be it known that I, Omas DAVID BoNsALL, a citizen of the United\States,

vand a resident of the cit ofv Parnassus, in

the county of Westmore and and State' of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Im `rovement in Car Roofs, of which the fol owing is a s eification.` y

This invention re ates principally to car- 920 pensing with separate inside and outside carline's, and seam covers'which heretofore have commonly been used in the above type of roof. Another object is to produce a strong and durable roof of simple construction which can be chea ly manufactured Vand easily assembled an which will ri mit the use of sheets of li hter gage t an 'th-ose heretofore required' or roo-fs of the all-steel riveted type,^thereby reducing thelv weight and 5cost of the roof and, aft: the

same time, greatly increasing the strength l of the roof. Another obect is to produce V a roof comprising paralle upper and lower surfaces extending cross-wise o the car, offset alternately with respect to each other and connected by substantially vertical web portions, whereby an even distribution of the metal above and below the horizontal center line of the roof is obtained, thus placing the neutral axis of the roof along said center line and thereby enabling the maximum strength of the metal to be utilized.

The invention consists principally in a car roof comprising a plurality of selfsupportingl roof sheets, so formed that, when assembled with their side margins rigidly secured together, the sheets form a roof having parallel upper and lower surfaces of equal area extending transversely of the car and alternately oi'set with respect to each other and 'connected by substantially vertical web portions, thus forming a series of flat topped ribs extending crosswise of the car: and alternati rtions channels, thereb locating the neutralV axis of the roof mi way between the plane of said ribs and the plane of the bo-ttoms of said channels and enabling the maximum strength of the metal to be-obtained. The invention further consistsifthe combinations and arrangements .of parts lhereinafter described and claimed.

In' the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, and wherein like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur- Fig. 1 is a top plan view of fthe end portion of a car roof -embodyingmy invention;

Fig. 2 isl an end elevation of the same, drawn to a slightly larger scale; Y

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal lcross-section thro-ugh the ridge portion of the roof at the end of the car, the section being taken on fthe line 3*-3 in Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail longitudinal cross-section taken through the roof between the ridge and the eaves, the section being taken on the line 4--4 in Fig. 1; i

'Fig 5 isa detail longitudinal cross-section through the roo-f at theI eaves, the section being taken thro-ugh the up Harige; of the side plate on the line 5-5 1n Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is y a transverse cross-section through the eaves portion of the roof looking in the direction of one of the roof joints, the setion being taken on the line 6-G in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section taken through the end portion of the yroof between the eaves and the ridge on the line 7 7 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a perspective View of the eaves portion of one ofthe roof sheets;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary plan view of a car 'roof showing roof sheets of modified form;

Fig. l() is an enlarged transverse crosssection through the same on the line 101O in Fig. 9; and

Figs. 1l, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 are-longitudinal cross-sections similar to Fig. 4 showing roof sheets of modified form.

The root' shown in Figs. l to 8 of the drawings is applied to av steel box car having a roof substructure comprising metal angle-bar side plates 20, which are arranged lwith one' flange up and facing outwardly.

A steel car end 21, Whose upper portion is withl flat bottomed flanged inwardly, as at 22, and is inclined downwardly on opposite sides of the ridgev to conform to`the pitch of the roof, has its upper portion connected to the end of the angle-bar side plates in any desired manner. The flan e 22 is made wider at the eaves than at t e ridge to strengthen the end of the car against horizontal stresses, and an angle-bar end plate 23, which slopes downwardly on opposite sides of the ridge with the outwardly projecting top flange thereof flush with the to flange 22 ofthe end plate, has its vertical ange secured to the upper portion of the car end by means of rivets 24. The horizontal flange of the end plate angle 23 is disposed uppermost and projects outwardly from the car end flush with the inwardly projecting flange 22 thereof.

Transversely arranged load sustaining roof sheets 25 span the car from side plate t-o Side plate with their eaves portions suppoited on the upper flanges thereof. The roof sheets slope downwardly on opposite sides of the rid es to form a pitch (or arcuate) roof an are formed with parallel upper and lower surfaces 26 and 27, which extend erosswise of the car and are of a width corresponding to half the width of the sheets. The adjacent inner marginal portions of the vertically otl'set surfaces 26 and 27 are connected along the middle of the sheets by substantially vertical web por-y tions 28.

The upper surface 26 of each lsheet is provided along its outer margin with a dependin flan e 29,. whose lower edge terminates a iort istance above the plane of the lower surfacef27 thereof; and said lower surface is provided alon its outer side margin with an upstanding ange 30, Whose upper edge terminates a short distante below the plane of the upper surface of the sheet. Thus, one-half of each sheet is formed with a flat topped rib or inverted channel portion 31 and the other half of the sheet is formed with a flat bottomed upwardly opening channel 32, both channel and rib extending erosswise ofthe car. The sheets are Iassembled by lapping the depending outer flange 29 of the rib or downwardly opening channel 3l of a. sheet over the upstanding flange 30 of the upwardly opening channel 32 of the next adjacent sheet and securing said flanges together, throughout their length, midway between the upper and lower surfaces 26 and 27 by rivets 33. Thus, when assembled, the sheets form a single course roof having a series of flat topped ribs extending erosswise ofthe car alternately with flat bottomed channels. The web portion 28 that connects the upper surface 26, which forms the top of the rib 31, with the lower surface 27` which forms the bottom of the channel 32, forms the inner side wall of said rib and channel; and the depending flange 29 and the upstanding flange 30 form the outer side wall of said rib and said channel.

.The lower surface 27, which forms the bottom portion of the channel 32 of each sheet, rests upon. the upper flange of the side plates and is rigidly secured thereto by means of rivets 37. The eaves ends of the upstanding underla ping flanges 30 of the sheets are. flattene out over the top flange of the side plate in the plane of the lower surfaces 27, as at 34. The eaves ends of the sheets are bent downover the outer edges of' the top flanges of the side plates, forming drip flanges 35.

T he upper surfaces 26, which form the tops of the down ardly opening channel or ribs 3l of the sheets, are curved downwardly near the eaves ends of the sheets and merge into the plane of the lower surfaces 2T, which form the bottom of the upwardly opening' channels 32, at the point where the depending flanges 35 are turned downwardly. The depending outer side flange 29 of each rib' or inverted channel 31, together with the surplus metal gained by the merging of the top portion 26 of the said rib into the plane of' the bottom portion 27 of the upwardly opening channel 32, is turned outwardly over the bottom portion of the upwardly opening channel 32 of the next adja-'xent sheet in the form of' a laterally extending flange 36, which flange, together with the underlying bottom ortion of channel. 27 of the next adjacent s eet, is rigidly secured to the upper flange of the side-plate by means of the rivet 37 Running boards 39 rest on and are secured to the top flanges of angle for running board saddles 40 which have their vertical flanges arranged flatwise against the depending outer flanges 29 of the ribs 3l and are secured in position by means of the rivets 33 which secure together the lapped flanges 29 and 30 of adjacent sheets.

The end sheets 42 are each provided with an upstanding flange 43-along their inner margins, which ext-ends upwardly into the rib 31, of the adjacent sheet, alongside of' the depending flange 29 at the outer margin thereof', and is secured thereto by a row of rivets 44. The body portion of the end sheet is in the plane of' the bottoms 27 of the upwardly opening channels of the main sheets 25 and rests on and is secured to the outwardly projecting flange of the end angle 23 by rivets 45. The outer margin of the end sheet is turned down over the outer edge of the top flange angle 23 in the form of a drip flange 46.

The running boards 39 project beyond the end of the car and have an angle iron 47 extending erosswise thereof, the horizontal leo flange of which is bolted or otherwise secured to the undersides of. the running boards. The overhanging ends of the run- 'oflequal area. extendin fiur/saaie ning are braced and the steel end 21 by means of inclined strap' bras 48,-'which have their upper and lower ends riveted or otherwise secured to the-veroffth'e'heights and are connected by substantially vertical portions.` This arrangement places unequal amount of metal above and below the horizontal center line of the roof and thus locates the neutral axis along said line, thereby enabling the maximum strength of the metal employed to be A utilized. This permits lighter gage sheets to be used; and at the same time, results -in a strong and rigid roof of simple construction, which can be cheaply manufactured and easily applied; The inverted channels or ribs 31 constitute outside carlines, and the merging ofthe carlines into the lower plane at the eaves results in a maximum eaves clearance and greatly strengthens the roof against horizontal stresses at this point.

"In Figs. 9 and 10, the sheets 25 are similar to those shown in Fi l to 8, ex'- cept that the ribs or inverte channels 31 of the sheets increase uniformly in width from the ridge toward the eaves, and there is also a corresponding decrease in the height of the ribs 31a from the ridge toward the eaves. This arrangement results ina rib Aof high narrow Asection at the ridge adal ted to stiien the roof against vertical roo loads, and also results in a broad flat section of the eaves adapted to withstand the horizontal stresses caused by the racking and weaving of the car substructure. This uniform widening of the ribs 31el from the ridge toward the eaves as the height of the same decreases in the same direction enables the surplus' metal gained by the decreased height of the channels to be used for widening the same and permits the use of the sheet blank having parallel sides, thereby eliminating the expense of shearing the sheet toa special shape before pressing.

In Fig. 11 the sheets 25b are shown in the form of separate channels which extend projectin'` e hereinbefore' described sheets, whenl e quired.

In Fig. 12,"the sheets 25 are vshown provided at their middle portions with upwardly opening. channels 32 and have anges 50 outwardly from the upper edges of the si lian s of the channels, the louter marginal` portions of the flanges lbeing -thattwicel as many rows of rivets are relapped and riveted together. This arrangement results in a roof which is similar in cross-section to the I.roof shown in the n Fig. 13 the roof sheets 25d are similar to the roof sheets shown inFig. 12, except that the sheets are twice as wide and havea flat to ped middle rib 311 disposed'between two c annels 32d whose outer flanges are turned outwardly as at 50 in the plane of the top of the middle rib and lapped and riveted together.

In Fig. 14 the sheets 25c are of channelshaped section, every other one of .the sheets is linverted and their side flanges are bent outwardl midway between the upper and lower p anes'of the roof, forining langes 50", whichl are lapped and riveted together. y

In Fig. 15 the sheets 25t are similar to those sho-wn in Fig. 14 except that in Fig. 15 the sheets are twice as wide as' thosel shown in Fi 14 and are provided at their upper and lower planes of the root in the form of flanges 50 which are'lapped and riveted to-gether.

In Fig. 16 the sheets 253 are similar to the sheets 25, except that de nding outer v flanges 29E of thel ribs 31g an the upstanding flanges 30g of the channel 32g are bent outwardly midway between the top of the ribs and bottoms of the channels, forming flanges 50d, which are lapped and riveted together. l

The hereinbefore described construction permits of considerable modification without departing from the invention, therefore, I do not wish 'to be limited to the exact details shown and described.

What I claim is:

l. A single course metal carroof whose longitudinal section comprises straight portions at one elevation alternating with straight portions at a lower elevation and connected by substantially vertical web portions, said roof consisting of load sustaining sheets that have substantially vertical flanges at their side margins that are rigidly secured together. n'

2. A single course car roof whose longitudinal section comprises straight portions at one elevation alternating with straight portions at a lower elevation and `connected by substantially vertical portions, the crosssectional area of the upper portions heinir substantially equal to the cross-sectiona area of said lower portions, said roof consisting of load sustaining sheets that have substantially vertical flanges at their side margins that are rigidly secured together.

3. A metal car root' comprising an openwork frame and metal roof sheets supported thereon and spanning spaces therein, said sheets being positively attached together along their side marginsto constitute a single course roof, said root' having alternating flat topped ribs and flat bottomed channels of equal cross-sectional area thereby securing an even distribution of the metal above and below the neutral axis of the roof whereby the maximum strength ofthe metal is obtained for carrying the rootl load.

4. A metal car roof having alternating fiat topped ribs and fiat -bottomed channels of equal area formed therein, extending crosswise of the car and means for securing same in position thereby placing the neutral axis of the rooi midway between the tops of said ribs and the bottoms of said channels whereby an even distribution of the metal is secured labove and below the neutral axis of the roof and the maximum strength of the metal is obtained, said ribs merging into the plane of the bottoms of the channels near the eaves of the roof.

5. A single course car roor' comprising a plurality of metal roof sheets that have substantially vertical angies along their) side margins and are rigidly secured together through said anges, Said roof having flat topped raised portions alternating with Hat bottomed depressed portions of equal crossLsectional area, thereby securing an/ even distribution of metal above and below the neutral axis of the roof and enabling the maximum strength ot the metal to be utilized.

6. A car roof comprising a plurality of metal roof sheets having flat topped raised portions alternating with l'lat bottomed depressed portions of equal area, thereby securing an even distribution of metal above and below the neutralaxis of the rib and enabling the maximum strength of the metal to be utilized, the margins of adjacent sheets being rigidly secured together along the neutral axis of the roof.

7. A car roof comprising a plurality of metalsroof sheets having raised flat topped portions alternating with depressed flat bottomed portions of equal area, whereby the neutral axis of the sheets is located midway between the tops of said` ribs and the bottoms of said channels and an even distribution of the metal above and below said neutral axis is secured thereby enabling the maximum strength of the metal to be utilized, the raised and depressed portions of said sheets extending crosswise of the car and the side margins of adjacent sheets being rigidly secured together along the neutral axis thereof.

8. A car roof comprising a plurality of metal roof sheets extending crosswise of the car from eaves to eaves and having raised fiat topped portions alternating with depressed iat bottomed portions of equal area, whereby the neutral vaxis of the sheets is located midway between the tops of said ribs and the bottoms of said channels and an even distribution of the metal above and below said neutral axis is secured. thereby enabling the maximum of strength of the metal to be utilized, the raised and depressed portions of said sheets .extending crosswise of the car and the side margins of adjacent sheets being-rigidly secured together along the neutral axis thereof, the raised portions of said sheets merging into the plane of the depressed portions thereof near the eaves, said sheets being rigidly secured to the roof substructure lnear the eaves.

9. A earroof comprising a plurality of metal roof sheets arranged crosswise of the ear and extending from eaves to eaves, said sheets having downwardly and upwardly opening channels of equal area formed therein which extend crosswise of the car and alternate one with the other, said sheets being rigidly secured to the car at the eaves and being rigidly secured together on a line midway between the tops and bottoms ot said downwardly and upwardly opening channels, which line forms the neutral axis of the sheets.

10. A car roof comprising an openworkning the car from eaves to eaves, each ot' said sheets having an upwardly extending flange along one side margin and a downwardly extending flange along the opposite side margin and having an offset near the middle thereof, thus forming channels therein, one opening upwardly and the other opening downwardly, the depending outer fiange of the downwardly opening channel of a sheet lapping the upstanding fiange of the upwardly opening channel of the next adjacent sheet, said fianges being rigidly secured together.

11; A cnr roof comprising a plurality of roof sheets arranged transversely ot the car and spanning the same from eaves to 'eaves. and having substantially'vertical,flanges at their vside margins; eaih ofhsaid sheets hav ing two channels formed therein ot' a width equal to one-half of the width of a sheet, one of said channels opening upwardly and the other of said channels opening downwardly, the web portion of said channels being connected along the middle portion of said sheets by a Vertical Web portion which forms the inner side flange of each of said channels, the onterdepending flange oi the downwardly opening channel of one sheet lapping the adjacent outer iange of the upwardly opening channel of the next adjacent sheet and being rigidly secured together flatwise through their vertical portions,

l2. A rar roof comprising spaced parallel side plates, a plurality of metal roof sheets arranged transversely of the car and spanning the car from eaves to eaves with their eaves ends resting on said side plates and rigidly secured thereto, each of said sheets having an upwardly opening channel formed in one side margin and a downwardly opening channel formed in the opposite side margin7 said sheets being arranged with the outer depending flange of the dowmvardl).v opening Channel of one sheet lapping the'npstanding iange of the upwardly opening channel of the neXt adja cent sheet, said flanges being rigidly secured together throughout their length.

Signed at Parnassus, Pa., this 14th day of September, 1920.

`CHARLES DAVID BONSALL.

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