US1525223A - Apparatus for making balls - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 3. 1925.

F. M. CANDA APPARATUS FOR MAKING BALLS Original Filed April 25. 1924 W L w w HUM/v5 z m H H U 90MB 2 ,JT zw z 0/ w ,n. z a! M45 WP$ ..||.|..|HM w H 7 WW ,ZJfbra 020226261 F. M. cmxp APPARATUS FOR MAKING BALLS Original Filed April 2 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Z fra/ Oa/rwZa/ PATE'T OFFIGE.

FERDINAND MOEA sienna, or NEW YORK; N. Y.

menus FOR MAKING Barns.

Original application fi led April as, 1524, Eerial No. 708,996. Divided and this ppnatiohffiid lq'ove'mher 6, 192 1.

To all whom it ma concern:

Be it known that I, FERDI AND Mon'A GAN'DA, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Making Balls, of which the following is a specification.

7 My invention relates to machines for forming metal balls for use especially in grinding or pulverizing machines, this case being a division of m applicatiomS erial No. 708,990, filed April 25, 192 1.

In ball rolling machine's usually employed, a series of balls are formed simultai'ieo'usly from a heated rod by passing the rod tween a grooved roll and a correspondingly grooved shoe or die plate. ridges between the grooves cut intothe hot rod-blank, the metal displaced by the ribs is caused to flow into the s 'ac'es of the grooves and each ball section 'egins to assume a spool shape. Under these conditions it is diificult to form a b-al'lv'vithout leaving an annular groove. Again, if the metal of the rod-blank is very hot, the metal has a tendency to spin, with the result that a central cavity is formed in the ball.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved means for rolling balls from rod-blanks which will overcome the defects of prior methods above produce balls having solid CGIS and substantially free from surface irregularities, sash as grooves, creases and other defects.

In the following detailed description I shall refer to the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure 1 is a vertical transverse sectional View of a ball rolling machine embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail view on the line 33 of Fig. 1; Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 are fragmentary views to illustrate the various stages in the formation of the balls as viewed respectively on the lines 4L4, 5-5, 66, and 77 of Fig. 1; Fig. 8 is an illustrative View to show the partially formed balls in the blank as it is about to emerge from the upper roll; Fig. 9 is an illustrative view showing the blank just after it has entered the second pass between the lower roll and its shoe; and Fig. 10 is an illustrative view showing the finished ball as it is about to emerge from the second pass.

As the ribs or Serial No. 748,261.

In rolling balls from rods, it is evident that the rods must be smaller inpdiameter than the dian'ieter of the balls. To a'cc'omplish the proper finishing and perfecting of the balls near the end of the rolling operation, the material from which the ball is rolled should a proxim tevery closely to the diameter of the finishedbail and necessarily the grooves of the roll and the shoe must be confined to a semi-circularshape. I have found that I can eliminatethe causies which have heretofore resulted in the iniperfeetions in the finished balls and can produce much more perfect balls by providing a preliminary or roughing pass in which the rod is formed into connected series of ball elements to the finishing opera-- tion between a second roll; and shoe. I am thereby enabled to en'iploy grooves of an entirely different shape in the? roughing pass from those of the finishing pass. Moreover as the rod is grooved about two tliir' ds' of the way through in the preliminary p as's, less space is required between tlie roll and the shoe in the finishing pass and the progres's tl'irough the latter may tl'i ere fore be made more gradual which centributesto greater accuracy and perfection in the finished product. I V

The grooved rolls wand 12 oft-he upper and lower passes respectively are carr'ijedjby shafts 14 and 15 which are suitably driven and are geared to otate in 6ppQSlt 'ClifC tions. 7 In the methods of rolling spherical heretofore employed the rod or bar from which the balls formed, is subject-ed throughout the entire rolling operation to the action of grooves that are substantially semi-circular with the resulting defects and imperfections in the finished balls above pointed out.

I have found that I can compact the metal and maintain it solid throughout, free from internal flaws when it is forced to flow into the grooves as the ribs cut into the metal, by so shaping the grooves in the roll 10 and shoe 16 of the preliminary or roughing pass that the sides of the grooves exert pressures toward the center of the ball element. To this end I make the groove V-shape with the apex cut off or flattened so that the pass is substantially hexagonal, as shown in Fig. 4 It will be seen that as the ribs cut or bite into the hot metal rod or bar 20, the displaced metal which flows up into the grooves is constantly pressed toward the center of the ball element 2O by the inclined sides of the grooves. This prevents any tendency of the metal to spin and maintains the metal solid throughout.

As the metal continues to flow into the grooves under the impelling action of the entering ribs, there is a tendency to cause the ball elements to become spool shape with a central annular groove which is diflicult to remove in the subsequent rolling and which has heretofore caused imperfections in the finished balls. To obviate this difliculty I so proportion the grooves that the flat central portion bears against the central part of the ball-element While the metal is still flowing into the groove and also position the oblique sides of the groove within the circumference which will be assumed by the finished ball. I have indicated in Fig. 5, by broken lines the circumference of the finished ball 20. It will be observed that the slanting sides of the groove encroach upon the space which would be occupied by the finished ball. This causes the metal to be pressed around the central belt and prevents or eradicates any groove that would otherwise form in the ball. Accordingly as the blank emerges from the preliminary or roughing pass, the ball elements 20 form substantially double cones with their bases joined by a circular band. The metal of the rod orbar has been out about two-thirds of the way through so that the ball elements are connected into a longitudinal series by short core parts 20 as indicated in Figure 6. Inasmuch as the metal fills the groove as it nears the end of the roughing pass the centered sides of the groove of the roll exert a kneading action upon the metal tending to push a surface ridge around the ball element and consequently there will be a slight crease 20 in the ball elements as they roll over the transfer slide 23 between the two passes. When the blank enters the second shape, the initial space between the finishing roll 12 and its shoe 18 is only sufficient to receive shaped series of ball elements and the variation throughout the second pass may be very gradual. After the balls have separated from each other in the latter part of the finishing pass they are still subjected to the smoothing action of the, grooves in which they then fit closely. This is an important improvement in ball rolling machines and contributes materially to the excellence of the finished balls.

I claim 1. A machine for forming balls from a rod or bar, comprising a roll and a cooperating shoe having grooves of substantially truncated V-shape forming a preliminary or roughing pass and a second roll and cooperating shoe having substantially semi-circular grooves forming a finishing pass.

2. A machine for forming balls from a rod or bar, comprising a roll and a cooperating shoe having grooves provided with angularly arranged walls forming a prelimi nary or roughing pass and a second roll and cooperating shoe having substantially semicircular grooves forming a finishing pass.

3. A machine for forming balls from a rod or bar, comprising a roll and mating member having grooves forming a pass sub stantially hexagonal in section and a second roll and mating member having grooves forming a pass substantially circular in section. 7 p

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

FERDINAND MORA OANDA.

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