US1525141A - Muffler - Google Patents

Description

W. C. MILES MUFFLER Filed July 23, 1920 2 Shoots-Sheet 1 W. C. MILES MUFFLER 2 Shuts-Sheet 2 Filed July 23, 1920 Patented Feb. 3, 1925.

WILLIAM 0'. MILES, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

MUFFLER.

Application filed m 23,

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VvILL-TAM C. hITLES, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Mufflers, of which the following is a specification.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a muffler, particularly adapted to be used in connection with internal combustion engines, a 'means whereby the sounds or reports incident to the release of exhaust gases is reduced in audibility or eliminated without setting up back ressure to such an extent as to materially afi ect the normal operation of the engine or materially decrease the efficiency thereof. 1

Other, and more or less dependent, objects of the invention will be apparent in the course of the following description of what I at present regard as the preferred embodiment of the same.

It is a well known fact that exhaust gases released from the cylinders of an internal combustion engine do not travel through the exhaust pipe in a continuous stream or column but on the other hand pass through in a pulsatory mannerby reason of the fact that the exhaust gases, in the form of relatively short high tensioned columns or zones, are separated by relatively low tensioned zones or gases. The columns of exhaust gases of relative high tension, separated by relative low tensioned zones, when released from the exhaust pipe directly into the atmosphere by reason of sudden expansion to atmospheric pressure tend to create a partial vacuum at the point of release which partial vacuum is quickly filled in by the surrounding atmosphere, thereby producing sound waves of such intensity as to be audibly transmitted to the adjacent air strata.

The invention consists in effecting the breaking up of a stream of exhaust, which is divided into relatively high and low tensioned' zones, into a plurality-of similar streams likewise made up of high and low tensionedzones, and further efi'ecting an equalization of the densities or relative vapor tensions of the several portions or zones of the exhaust column so as to reduce the stream or column of exhaust from a condition of alternately high and low tensioned zones to that of a-relatively uniformly ten- 1920. Serial No. 398,499.

sioned stream or column of exhaust which at the final point of release is expanded and dissipated without setting up sound waves or vibrations of a distinctly audible nature.

In the drawings forming a part of this specification wherein like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view of the device embodying my invention,

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 22 of Figure 1,

Fig. 3 is a. transverse sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Figure 1,

Fig. 4 is a plan view of acorrugated blank,

Fig. 5. is a transverse sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Figure 1, and

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 6-6 of Figure 1.

Fig. 7 is a modified form of wallplate.

In. the drawings, attention being called to Figures 1 to 6 inclusive, wherein is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral 10 indicates a cylinder of, preferably, sheet metal which forms the mufiler body, within which is arranged a corrugated cylinder 11 formed from a corrugated blank 12 shown in Fig. 4. The, blank 12 may be corrugated by any conventional or suitable method and subsequently placed to a punch press equipped with suitable dies and punches to form a plurality of openings 13 and a corresponding number of tongues 14 which serve, in effect, as ejectors within the passages or conduits 15 of the corrugated cylinder 11 to relieve the pressure of exhaust at different localities within the muflier, as will hereinafter be described.

The corrugated blank 12 upon being provided with the tongues 14 is rolled into a cylinder and inserted into the cylinder or main body 10 as shown in Figure 1, whereupon divisional wall plates 16 and 17 are assembled, as shown, respectivel at the outlet and intake ends of the m er to form Within the corrugated cylinder 11 a reservoir 17". It will be noted that the wall plates 16 and 17 are substantially identical except, however, the plate 17 is provided with a relatively large opening 18, whereas the plate 16 is solid. The plates as shown are each at their peripheral edges scalloped or cut away to provide openings 19 which register with the conduits or p To insure intimate contact between the cylinder or body 10 and the corrugated cylinder 11 alternate arms 20 of the plates 16 and 17 are bent at right angles as shown most clearly in Figures 5 and 6 at 21 to engage the inner surfaceof the corrugated cylinder at points intermediate alternate corrugations, one angularly bent portion of each of the-plates being in contact with the corrugated cylinder at the abutting or adjoining longitudinal edges thereof.

As a means for retaining the plates 16 and '17 in contact with the ends of the corrugated cylinder I have disclosed tie bolts or rods 22 longitudinally disposed within the device and provided with nuts 22' which are run down upon-the screw threaded ends of the bolts and into firm engagement with the plates. These tie rods or bolts serve not only as a means for retaining the corrugated cylinder 11 together with the wall plates 16 and 17 against relative movement with'respect to each other, but serve also as a means for retaining in position the end plates or heads 23 and 24. thus forming respectively at the outlet and inlet ends of the mufiler a final expansion chamber 25. and an initial expansion chamber 26. The end plate 23 is provided preferably centrally with an outlet pipe 27 which may be relatively short as shown or relatively long as the occasion or use to which the mufiier is put may require. The end plate or head 24 is constructed particularly for the reception of the exhaust pipe 28 which is held therein by any of the conventional zneans most generally employed in such connection.

Under certain conditions it may be found desirable to substitute the divisional wall mainder passing through the several conduits or passa" es-15 and into the final expansion cham r 25 from which it passes through the outlet pipe 21ginto the atmosphere. The exhaust which enters each of the conduits or passages 15 is in the form of a stream or column of relatively low and high tensioned zones of exhaust, and the same is true also of the exhaust which enters the reservoir 17". .When the exhaust enters the reservoir 1 its velocit is decreased due to expansion and a c urnin action is setup. 111??' the obstruction ofiere by the plate 16. y reason of the churning action the difierence of tension in the successive zones entering the reservoir is destroyed and a resultant pressure is produced within the reservoir which is greater than the pressure of the low tension zones of exhaust in said conduits. Due to the presence of a pressure in the reservoir 17" greater than the pressure of the low tensioned zones in the conduits- 15, it is ap- It may be remarked here that since the exhaust which is trapped within thersrvoir 17" is maintained at a pressure somewhat greater than that of the low-tensioned zones within the conduits, its potential en ergy may be utilized when injected into the conduits to thrust the high tension zones of as forward after they have passed the openings 1-3 and to facilitatethe'travel of the high tensioned zones at the entrance ends of the conduits by the ejector action exerted thereupon'thus creating a tendency toward increasing the activity of flow of exhaust through the several conduits and re lieving excessive pressure at the inlet end of the muflier. Attention is directed to the fact that the normal tendency within the reservoir .17 is that of a reduction in pressure due to the injection of exhaust from the reservoir 17" into the low tensioned zones as they pass the openings 13 and to the ejector action set up by the high tensioned zones of exhaust as they rush through the restricted areas of the conduits 15. Should the rate of flow' of exhaust entering the conduits 15 at any time become materially accellerated. an excessive reduction in pressure within the reservoir will result due to the increased ejector actien set up by the high tensioned zones of exhaust as they rusli through the restricted areas of the conduits and this increased reduction in pressure will be transmitted through the opening 18Sto the core of the cohunn of exhaust entering the mufiier thereby checking the flow 'of exhaust entering the conduits 15. On the other hand should an excessive pressure then build up within the reservoir 17" the injector action ofthe exhaust enterin the conduits through the o enings13 will be increased to facilitate t e travel of the high tensioned zones as they pass the restricted areas of the conduits and to increase the activity of flow of' can haust entering the conduits from the chamber 26 by the ejector action exerted thereupon as before mentioned. Due to the the outlet ends of k relieve the pressure within the expansion chamber either by the ejector action set up within the conduits 15 when the exhaust is injected vth'ereinto from the reservoir or by the ejector action. upon the exhaust within the reservoir, which is set up by the rush of the high tensioned zones through the restricted areas of the conduits 15. Not only is there a tendency toward a relief of pressure at the entrance end of the mufiler at all times, but under all conditions there is produced a tendency toward building up the pressure of the low tensioned zones to that of the high tensioned zones to transform the pulsatory streams of exhaust of the several conduits into streams'of a uniform or a substantially uniform density.

It is to be understood that various changes may be made in what I have shown and described as the preferred forms of my invention without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope' of the sub-joined claims. 7

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

1. A muflier adapted for connection with an exhaust pipe comprising a plurality of conduits arranged to receive a portion of exhaust from the exhaust pipe and adapted to carry the same in the form of separate columns having relatively high and low tensioned zones, and a reservoir arranged to receive from the exhaust pipe another portion of exhaust independent of that entering the conduits, the reservoir being incommunication with said conduits whereby the exhaust of the reservoir is supplied to the low tensioned zones during the passage of the exhaust through said conduits.

2. A mufller comprising a plurality of conduits, arranged to receive and adapted to carry se arate un-uniformly tensioned streams o exhaust, and a reservoir arranged to receive a quantity of exhaust independent of that received by said conduits, said reservoir being in communicatioii with said conduits whereby the lower tensioned portions ofthe columns are supplied with exhaust from said reservoir and made to approach the tension of the higher tensioned portions.

3. A mufiier comprising a casing, a plurality of conduits grouped circumferentially about the axis thereof for carrying separate columns of exhaust, a reservoir for receiving a tension equalizing medium, and means for injecting the tension equalizingmedium into said conduits to create a tendency towards increasing the activity of flow of the columns of exhausttherein.

l. A muffler comprising a final expansion chamber, a plurality of conduits for carrying separate streams of exhaust into said final expansion chamber, a reservoir for storing an expansive medium, and means for injecting the expansive medium from said reservoir into said conduits whereby an ejectoraction is exerted upon said streams to create a tendency towards increasing the flow thereof through said conduits to said final expansion chamber.

5. A muflier comprisinga plurality of conduits for carrying separate columns of exhaust, a reservoir for receiving a tension equalizing medium, said reservoir being in communication with said conduits and means on the one hand for utilizing the tension equalizing medium to create a tendency towards increasing the activity of flow of the columns of exhaust and on the other hand for facilitating the ejection of the tension equalizing medium from said reservoir upon the increase of activity of flow of the exhaust through said conduits.

6. A muffler comprising a casing, an initial expansion chamber, a final expansion chamber, a plurality of conduits arranged intermediate said casing and the axis thereof and connecting said chambers for carrying separate streams of exhaust from the first-named chamber to the final ex ansion chamber, and a tension equalizing c amber communicating with said conduits, the conduits being adapted to receive the equalizing medium from said equalizing chamber.

7. A mufller'adapted to be connected to an exhaust pipe and comprising an initial expansion chamber adapted to receive exhaust from said exhaust pipe, a final expansion chamber, an equalizing chamber adapted to receive a quantity ofexhaust from said initial expansion chamber, a plurality of conduits adapted to receive from said initial expansion chamber a quantity of exhaust independent of that received by said equalizing chamber and to carry the exhaust so-received to said final expansion chamber, said conduits being provided with openings communicating said conduits with said equalizing chamber and having restrictions in proximity to said openings whereby the exhaust from said reservoir is injected into said conduits to create a tendency toward increasing the activityof flow of the exhaust through said conduits, said restrictions and openings being adapted to facilitate the removal of the exhaust from said equalizing chamber upon the increase of activity of flow of the exhaust through said conduits from said initial expansion chamber to said final expansion chamber. I

8. A muflier comprising a casing, a reservoir adapted to receive a tension equalizing medium, a group of conduits intermediate said casing and the xis thereof adapted to carrystreams of exhaust, said conduits being provided w1th openings commumcatmg 'the conduits w1th said-reservolr, and restrictions formed within said conduits, the restrictions being injproximity to the openings whereby the streams of exhaust in their travel by said restrictions and openings tend to eject the tension equalizing medium from said reservoir.

9. A muflier comprising a'casing, a corrugated reservoir arran ed'within said cas-y ing, the corrugations 0 said reservoir forming with said casing a plurality of conduits adapted to carry columns of exhaust, said conduits having restricted areas and provided with openings inproximity to saidrestricted areas, end plates for said reservoir,'one of which is provided with an opening through which enters exhaust to be stored temporarily therein and subse uent- 1y injected into saidjconduits to facllita-te the travel of exhaust therethr'ough,

.10. A muflier adapted for connection,-

with an exhaust pipe comprising a casing, a reservoir arranged within said casing and forming therewith a conduit. having a restricted area and provided with an openin in proximity to the restricted area, sai conduit being adapted to receive from said exhaust pipe 'a quantity of exhaust and carry the same inthe form of a streamcomposed of hi gh-and low tensioned zones,where as said reservoir is arran ed to receive vfrom said exhaust ipe an in epeudent quantity -of exhaust w 10b is tem orarily retained therein under a substantia ly uniform pressure and subsequently injected into said conduit to facilitate the travel of exhaust Y therethrough, and to increase the pressure.

- of said low tensioned zones. l

i 11. Av mufiier adapted for connection to'an exhaust pipe and comprisin reservoir arranged within sai casing, a conduit disposed intermediate said casing and the axis thereof, 'saidconduit being provided with a restricted area and having an opening adjacent the restricted area adapted to maintain communication. between the conduit and said reservoir, said conduit being adapted [55 to receive from said exhaust pipe a quantity of exhaust andcarry the same in the form of a stream composed of low and high ten sioned zones whereas said reservoir .is arranged torec'eivefrom'said exhaust ipe an independent quantity oi exhaust w ich is temporarily retained therein under substantially uniform pressure and subsequently inhaving a casing, a a 15.

jected into said conduit to facilitate the" travel of exhaust therethrou h and to increase the pressure of said ow' tensioned zones....

12. A muflier adaptedfor connection with an exhaust pipe comprising acasin a reservoir located within said casing an adapted to receive a supply of exhaust from the exhaust ipe, said reservoir having a conduit exterlorly thereof, which is adapted x to carry a stream of exhaust entering the same from the exhaust pipe, said conduit a restricted areaand an Gripening through which the ex'lfiiustis eject from said reservoir by the ejector action-set up by the onrush of exhaust through said*restricted area.

13. A mufiier adapted for connection to an exhaust pipe, comprising a casing having a reservoir arranged therein and adapted to receive a suppl .of exhaust from the exhauszdpipe, a plura ity of conduits located interm i ate said casing and the axis thereof, each of which is adapted to carry a stream of exhaust entering the same from the exhaust pipe, said conduits being pro-' vided with openings through which communication is maintained between-said conduits and reservoir, and injector elements within said conduits for utilizing the exhaust traveling through said conduits to facilitate the removal of exhaust from said reservoir.

x 14. A mufiier for connection to an exhaust pipe comprising a casing, a metallic lining for said casing, said linm being so corruated as to form with sai casinga plural- 1ty of conduits each of which is adapted to receive from the exhaust pi a stream of exhaust composed of relative y hi h and low tensioned zones, and means for in ecting into said conduits an equalizing mediums whereby the lower tensioned zones arev made to approach the tension of the higher tensioned zones.

A mufiier adapted for connection to an exhaust pipe comprising a casing, a metallic lining for said casing, said 'linm being so corrugated as to form with sai easing a plurallty of conduits each of which is adapted to receive from the exhaust pipe a stream of. exhaust composed ,of relativ y high and low tensioned zones, means forming with said lining a reservolr adapted for the reception of a quantity of exhaust from the exhaust pipe, said reservoir being in communication with said conduits whereby the exhaust within said reservoir is injected into said conduits to facilitate the flow of 190

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