US1524902A - Rubbing machine - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 3. .1925. L v1,;-', 24,902

s. F. ANDERSON RUBBING MACHINE Aug. 14, 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 3. 1925.

S. F. ANDERSON RUBBINGMAGHINE Filed A'ua. 14, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Feb. 3, 1925.

UNITED s OFFICE.

SWAN F. ANDERSON, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO C. PAUL PARKER, TRUSTEE, QF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

RUBBING MACHINE.

Application led August 14, 1920. Serial No. 403,442.

To all whom t may4 concern.'

NBe. it known that I, SWAN F. ANDERSON, a

- citizen of the United States, residing at Vprovide a novel and improved universal rubbing machine which is adapted forl a wide range of use, such` as for abrading, finishing or polishing in the furniture, cabinet or automobile body industries, or as for sanding and finishing metal parts in the machine tool and analogous industries.

A further ,object is to provide a bearing slide of advantageous construction especia-1- ly conducive to the longevity and'efciency of the machine, provision-being made for enclosing the bearing surfaces and preventing the entrance of foreign matter thereto.

Machines of this type which have been placed on the market have a tendency, due

to their inherent design, to vibrate and wiggie when in operation. This tendencyl is most pronounced in machines having rubbing elements arranged to reciprocate side bvside'instead of toward and from each other. It has heretofore been attempted to neutralize the vibration and side wobble by sufficiently increasing the weight and bulk of the machine to absorb thevibration, and b v operating the rubbing pads towardl and from each other. An object of the present invention is to provide a machine which will be free from vibration in all sizes, light in weight, and in which the rubbing pads are arranged to reciprocate either side by side or toward and from'/ each other.

Another object is to provide an improved connection between the different: slides and the vpistons Afor actuating them whereby these elements are maintainedin balanced .relation vthroughout their reciprocation.

A further object is to provide a machineof the character described which can be economically produced, and which will be efiicient and lpractical under all conditions of operation.

Further objects and advantages will become apparent as the description proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rubbing machine of that type in which the pads reciprocate toward and from each other in a common plane, embodying my invention;

Flg. 2, a cross sectional View through the machine taken substantially on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

y Fig. 3, a longitudinal sectional view taken substantiallv on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. L1, a sectional view taken on the line 1 -i1 of Fig. 1; Figs. 5, 6, 7. 8 and 9, horizontal sectional views taken substantially on the lines 5 5, 6 6. 7 7, 8 8 and'9 9, respectively, of Fig. 3, with the bearing-inclosing structure removed in the latter figure. Fig. 10, an end view of an end plate detached from the machine. v

F igs. 11, 12 and 13, end views of thel cylinder head, slide bearing plate, and'bearinginclosing structure, respectively;

Fig. 14, a. perspective view of one of the parts connecting the slides and pistons;

Fig. 15, a perspective view of one of the slides; i Fig. 16, is a cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 2, through a machine of another form of my invention, in which the. rubbing elements reciproca-te side by side as distinguished from toward and from each other;

Figs. 17, 1,8 and '19, horizontal sectional views taken substantially on the lines 17 17, 18- 18 and 19-19, respectively of Fig. 16, with the be-aring-inclosi'ng structure removed in the latter figure. Figs. 20 and 21, end and side elevations of the pad holder slide such as is used in a machine of the type shown in Fig. 16;

Fig. 22, ya cross-sectional View through the cylinder hea-d of this machine; `and Fig. 23, a perspective view of one of the pad holder slides used with this machine.

It will be noted that some of the principles employedl in the presen-t machines form the subject matter of my co-pending application VSerial No. 189,563, and its divisional appli- -so A to a pneumatically operated machine, all of the novel features are not necessarily limited to use in a machine of such character, inasmuch as certain features might be employed equally as well in mechanically or electrically operated machines.

Reference will be had first to Figs 1 to 15 inclusive, illustrating one working example of a rubbing machine embodying the present invention in which the rubbing elements reciprocate toward and from each other. The machine body, that is, the main stationary parts, comprise generally stated, a cylinder portion 2G, a slide bearing plate 27 and a bearing-inclosing structure 28, rigidly joined together in superposed relation, and end plates 29 and an upstanding handle 31 de- -tachably .secured tothe cylinder portions.

The cylinder portion as shown in Figs. 6 and 11, forms a `pair of parallel laterally spaced cylinders 32 and 33 in which are respectively reciprocable double-end or doubleacting pistons 34 and 35. Eachpiston centrally between its ends is medially bored for the reception of a bearing post 36, rigidly attached to or formed integral with a slide member towhich a rubbing pad or element is attached. These slides designated generally by characters 37 and 38 for the pistons 34 and 35 respectively, are of similar construction and'a detail description of one will suffice. They are also similar in certain respects to the slides disclosed in my applica tion Serial No. 189,563. In the present case, however, it will be particularly`V noted that the only bearing relied upon for carrying the weight of the machine and for slidably associating the rubbing elements withv the machine structure is thetop surface of the slide member, which surface cooperates with an undersurfa-ce on the machine body. This VAbearing constitutes one of the particular objects of the present invention and is designed to carry the load of the rapidly reciprocating parts most efliciently considering the limited space available for bearing purposes. By shaping the top of the slide to provide what might be termed a saw-toothed or serrated surface39, as shown best in Fig. 15, I not only obtain a maximum bearing sur face, but also one which vvery effectually absorbs the side thrust inherent in a machine of this kind. This bearing surface 39 tits and` is slidable upon a complemental surface 41, Fig. 8 on the underside of the cylinder head, such surface 41 being in the present instance formed on a steel plate 27 which is hardened suitably for the purpose in mind. The plate 27 secured to the underside of the body 26 by screws, is formed with openings 43 for the passage of the bearing posts 36 therethrough.

Means is now provided operable between the reciprocating parts for maintaining them in balanced relative relation through out their reciprocation. rlhis means is preferably pivotal about an axis between the pistons and substantially midway of the ends of said pistons, and has slidable connection therewith, as disclosed in the above-mentioned applications. 1n the present instance, I have improved such connection with the view to obtaining greater strength and bearing area for the parts involved, and also to promote simplicity and eiiiciency. This connection between the pistons and the slides is effected by means of a circular part 44 Fig. 14 having peripheral bearing in the cylinder portion 26, such peripheral bearing including that of its reduced shank 45, and being further confined between and bearing against the underside of the cylinder portion 26 and the top of the slide bearing plate v 27. This part 44 has a diametrical slotway 46 in which is movable in such diametrical plate, a pair of bearing blocks 47 Fig. 7, each having a bearing opening for the re c eption of the bearing or slide post 36.

From thenforegoing, it will be apparent that when the pistons areJ reciprocated in opposite directions by the proper admission of fluid pressure to the cylinders (which action will be presently described), `the member will be oscillated and serves..to maintain the pistons and consequently the pad-holder slides, in proper co-operat'ive and balanced relatlon. During this action, two positions of which are shown in-1Figs. 7 and 9, the blocks 47 move radially with respect to the member 44, as will be obvious.

Each slide has a high and low portion 48 and 49 respectively, at opposite ends and at opposite sides of its longitudinal center,

.which operate above and beneath the similar maye be attached to each slide, and in the present instance I have equipped each with a pad holder 51. The slide bearing is' inclosed by a suitable structure such as parts 28 mentioned above, which parts also hold the slides in operative position and prevent displacement thereof when the machine is carried about.

Any suitable means may be provided for governing the fluid pressure to the cylinders for elfecting the desired reciprocation of the pistons, and` that shown in the present case is similar to the valve mechanism and motor construction claimed in my application Serial No. 401,232. That is, I employ an oscillatory valve designated generally by 52 supported co-axially above the part 45 and seated for oscillation in a bushing 53, the

valve having a bifurcated lower end fitting over the reduced end 54 Fig. 14.0f the part 44, so as to be oscillated by the latter. The valve is removable through the top of the cylinder portion and held against displacement by the handle 31, which is likewise re` movably attached to the cylinder portion. This handle has a central conduit 55 and spaced conduits 56 through which the air pressure is delivered to the distributing valve. The air passes downwardly through passages 57 and 58 Fig. 5 in the valve and by oscillation of the latter will be admitted either through -the passages 59` and 61 or passages 62 and 63 to diagonally opposite ends of the cylinders 32 and 33 for the purpose of reciprocating the pistons in opposite directions. On the exhaust strokes the air in the respective cylinders will pass through the valve ports 64, the passage 65 in the cylinder portion and the passages 66 in the end plates, to a air of dischargeI mouths 67 Fig. 13 formed)` in .the bearing-inclosing structure 28 flanking both sides of the vertical passageway through which the slide members reciprocate. This exhaust air is directed in a continuous stream downwardly and inwardly from these opposed mouths 67 so as to prevent. any foreign matter from passing upwardly into the working parts of the machine' when in operation. This discharging air is subsequently deflected laterally by a plate 68 Fig. 3 to prevent it from striking the active working faces `of the rubbing elements and the immediate surface being worked. The subject matter of the air control and discharge is also covered by my prior applications.

In Figs. 1, 2 and 4, I have shown a flushing attachment incorporated in the machine for delivering water to the surface being' worked when the machine is used for polishing or rubbing down finished Vsurfaces with pumice or other abrasive or polishing agents. For this purpose, I have bored the handle longitudinally as at 69 Fig. 2 for the reception of a hose 71, and I have lfurther bored the cylinder head at 72 and the bearing-inclosing structure 28 at 73 for accommodating the hose and to protect and hold it in proper operative relation to the machine. I have also equipped the handle with a shut-off device (see Fig. 4) comprising a member 74 passing diametrically through the handle between the' air passages 56 and shaped at its end 75 to embrace the hose and at its opposite end equipped with a press button 76 which is normally urged by a spring 77 in a direction to pinch the hose and shut ofl'- the water supply. The handle is slotted at 78 Fig. 1for the reception .of the head 75 which latter is confined in the slot against turning. It will be readily seen that as the operator manipulates the machine, that is, moves it backand forth over the work, by grasping the handle he has at the same time by reason of the press button 77, immediate control of the water supply, so that he may very conveniently apply water to the surface at any time. 70 Referring now to Figs. 16 to 23 inclusive, these illustrate another important phase of my invention in respect to the rubbing elements reciprocating side byside. The machine shown is similar in practically every respect to that described above with the exception of suc-h changes as are necessary for the use of the different type of pad-holder slide. According to the present invention, I propose to employ a pair of relatively long and narrow pad-holder members arranged side by side to reciprocate in their respective planes. Asshown in Fig. 23, the elongated plate 79 is equipped with a plurality,D three in the present instance, of rubbing pads 81, which are articularly adapted for polishing since t ey allow a thorough agitation and distribution of the polishing agent. However, innthe event that the machine is to be used for sanding, the` rubbing element would be equipped'with a continuous abrasive facing of the required grade. It will be seen, therefore, that any *suitable facing o r rubbing device might be employed and that by the use of relatively long rubbing elements of this type, reciprocating side by side, the machine may be very effectively used for working curved surfaces.

Viewing Fig. 16, it will be seen that ,the rubbing devices 82 and 83 are located below 100 and in vertical coplanar relation with .the pistons 34 and 35 respectively. In prior machines embodying this relation of parts each rubbing device moved along withl and in the same direction as the piston directly 105 above it which resulted in sidewise vibration or wiggle when the machine was operating on the work. This objectionable sidewise movement I have entirely overcome by connecting each rubbing device with and 110 operating it the piston above the opposite rubbing device. Thus the alternating side' thrust is counteracted and the machine is exceptionally smooth running and free from vibration.

Fig. 23 shows very clearly the construction of the connection between the rubbing device 83 and the piston 34. This connection comprises longitudinally spaced parts 84 connected to the plate 79 centrally be- 120V interfere with the of screws to provide a thoroughly rigid and substantial connect-ion between said parts, which connection prevents side thrust on the fastening screws such as might tend to loosen the same. The slide. has a lateral extension 89 equipped with an upstanding hearing post 91vwhich fits in the piston 3-1, as shown in Fig. 16. l

The slides of both rubbing devices S2 and 83 are constructed in the same manner, e;\'- cept for differences in being left and right hand parts and also of the lateral extension S9 for the rubbing device 82 being attached to its slide portion 87 at the opposite end The thereof from that shown in Fig.

purpose of so arranging the parts 89 is toprevent interference when the parts are in the extended position at the end of the stroke, shown, in Fig. 19. The posts 91 also pass through the bearing blocks 4-7 and the latter are guided in the diametrical guideway of the oscillating part 44. The bearing plate corresponding to the plate 2T described above, is in the present instance formed in two parts 92 attached to the underside of the cylinder portion 26.

As shown in Figs. 16 and 20, the parts S9 of the slides are disposed above the p-lane of the parts 87 and consequently arel located above the bearing plates 92 so as not to continuity thereof. To accommodate these parts .89, the underside of the cylinder portion 26 is cored or recessed at 93; By reason of the present slide construction, the slide portions 87 have a bearing throughout their length and the slide structure is so shaped as to be of minimum weight and yet provide a very strong and durable connection between the long rubbing device and its piston. ln this slide construction as in the former, the saw-tooth bearingsurface absorbs and distributes the uneven side thrust and thus serves to eliminate vibration. The bearing-inclosing structure 28 is shaped to suit the particular c011- ditions of this t-ype of slide and isrigidly attached along with the bearing plates 92 to the cylinder portion 26, as in the former case. The valve action and likewise the course of the exhaust air may also be the Same as described above, although it should be understood that such features are not material to the present invention.

In further regard to the slide bearing surfaces, it should be observed that my invention contemplates broadly a saw-tooth or serrated bearing surface comprising a series of interrupted or offset surfaces extending longitudinally in the plane of travel of the slides and jointly constituting a bearing surface on which the body of the machine rests so that the weight is carried by the slides and which also takes the lateral thrust, such series of surfaces being arrangedbetween the side edges of the slides realices as distinguished from side thrust surfaces located at the extreme outer edges thereof. It should be understood, therefore, that l have in the claims used the .term saw-tooth surface in both a generic and speciiic sense as describing both the particular construction which the name implies and also any equivalent construction of bearing surface.

It is believed that the foregoing conveys a clear understanding of the objects prefaced above and of the principles of construction contemplated by my invention. lt should be further understood that the invention is in no way limited to the particular constructions shown for purpose of illustration, but that it is capable of embodiment in various constructions and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims, in which- I claim: y

1. In a rubbing or polishing machine, in combination, a pair of parallel cylinders, two driving pistons, one in each cylinder,

means connecting said pistons to maintain` them in balanced relation throughout their reeiprocation, two rubbing devices one below each piston, and a separate connection independent of said above mentioned connecting means between each rubbing device and the piston directly above the opposite rubbing device. v

2,. In a rubbing or polishing machine, in combination, a pair of parallel laterally spaced driving pistons, two rubbing devices, one below each piston, said rubbing devices being reciprocable side by side, and means for independently connecting each rubbing` device with the piston above the other rubbing device, whereby each rubbing device and the piston directly overhead are reciprocated in opposite directions.

3. In a rubbing or polishing machine of the character described, a body equipped with reciprocable rubbing devices and pneumatically operated mechanism for reciprocating said devices, an upstanding handle on the body having a hose-receiving recess extending lengthwise of the handle, and a spring-pressed Ameans extending through the handle and shaped at one sidethereof to normally pinch a hose in said recess for stopping passage of fluid thereto and adapted to be manually operated at the opposite side for opening said passage.

4. In a rubbing or polishing machine of the character described, a body equipped with reciprocable rubbing devices and pneumatically operated Y mechanism for reciprocating said devices, an upstanding handle on the body having a hose-receiving recess extending lengthwise of thehandle, an air inlet passage extending downwardly through the handle and separated into sepa- Vrate air channels, and means extending lll@ through the handle between saidV separated channels and operable on said hose for stopping passage of fluid therethrough.

5. In a rubbing or polishing machine, in combination, a body, a motor in lsaid body, bearing plates substantially closing the lower side of said body, said plates being formed with longitudinally serrated bearing surfaces and defining a narrow longitudinal slot, a pair of rubbing devices each having aY plate formed with a serrated bearing surface slidable on one of said first mentioned surfaces, and driving connections for said rubbing devices extending through said slot to said motor.

6. In a rubbing or polishing machine, in combination, a motor carrying body, plate means secured to and substantially closing the lower side of said body said plate means being formed with serrated bearing surfaces, a pair of rubbing devices mounted below said body and having serrated hearing surfaces in sliding engagement with said first mentioned surfaces, and means for operatively connecting said slides with said motor.

7. In a rubbing or polishing machine, in combination, a motor carrying body, a pair of horizontally disposed' and parallel laterally spaced hearing plates attached to and substantially closing the under side of said body, each plate-cn its under side having a serrated bearing surface, a pair of rubbing devices having complemental serrated bearing surfaces on their upper sides 'slidable on those of said plates, and means extending upv from said rubbing devices through the space between said bearing plates for effecting a driving connection hetween the motor and said rubbing devices.

8. In a rubbing and polishing machine, in combination,l a body having a pair of opposed cylinders, a piston in each cylinder and having a transverse bore, plate means mounted on-the underside of said body ,and having serrated bearing surfaces, reciprocable slides mounted below said plate means and each havingV a complementary serrated bearing surface engaging said plate means, and hearing posts extending up' from said slides into said transverse bores whereby said slides may he reciprocated.

V9. In a rub ing and polishing machine, in combination, a motor containing body, a plate having a serrated bearing surface mounted on the under side of said body, a slide having a complementary serrated hearin surface mounted for reciprocation on sa1d plate, means for enclosing said bearing surfaces, and means on said slide extending into said body for connecting the motor to said slide tov reciprocate the latter.

10. In a rubbing or polishing machine,

[parts reciprocable side by in combination, a body, a pair of parallel and oppositely moving elements, two serrated bearing surfaces on the under side of said body, said hearing surfaces being separated by a longitudinal slot leading to the interior of SaidL body, a pair of rubhing devices having complementa] serrated hearing surfaceslon their upper side in sliding engagement with those on said body, a lateral projection on each rubbing device extending through said slot and over the other rubbing device for engagement with the movable element above the latter, and means for enclosing" said hearing surfaces.

l1. In a rubbing or polishing machine,

in combination, a. body, a motor in said body, a. horizontally disposed serrated bearing surface on the under side of said body, a rubbing device having a complemental serrated hearing surface on its upper side in slidableengagement with the said first mentioned surface,K means for connecting said motor and said device, and means secured to saidvbody for completely enclosing y said hearing surfaces. n

12. In a rubbing or polishing machine,

in combination, a body, a motor in said body, a horizontally disposed bearing surface on the under side of said body, a hearing slide having a'bearing surface onr its upper side in slidable engagement with said first mentioned hearing surface and havin an extension projecting into said body and connecting operatively with saidmotor, means carried by said body for enclosing said bearing surfaces, said means defining a narrow longitudinal space, dependin means projecting from said slide throug said space, and laterally spaced parts car` ried by said depending means-for supporting a rubbing element.

13. In a rubhin -or polishing machine, in combination, aody, a pair of driving side in laterally spaced planes, a slot'in the lower surface of said body, a Apair of rubbing devices reciprocable in similar planes von theV under side of said body, and a lateral 4extension on each rubbing device extending into said body through said slot and above the opposite rubhin device lfor attachment with the opposite riving' part.

14. In a -rubbing or olishing machine,

incombination, a pair o driving parts reciprocable side by side in laterally spaced planes, a pair of rubbing devices reciprocable in similar planes, each rubbing device having a narrow lateral projection extending over the o posite device, means on each projection having a driving connection with the overhead driving part.

SWAN F. ANDERSON.

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