US1517380A - Valve - Google Patents

Description

Dec, 2, 1924. f O. E. OLESON VALVE Filed -July 2O 1922 M L, l. 1.,!

1ML ,OLAF E INVENTOR.

EMM/T6.

A TTORNE Y.

Patented Een. 2, 1924.

PATENT OFFIQE,

OLAF E. QLESON, OF EAST CHICAGO, INDIANA.

VALVE.

ToaZZ whom t may concern.' y

Be it known that I, OLAF E. OLEsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Chicago, in the county of Lake and State of Indiana, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Valves, of which the following is a specification. f

My invention relates to an improved form of valve particularly adapted to control the flow of high pressure steam and consists essentially of a casing containing valve me1n bers for controlling the llow of llnid through the valve depending upon whether said members are in engagement or separated from each other, said members being constructed to effectively co-operate with each other during the closing operation so as to first restrict the flow of fluid through the valve and permit the flow of a small quantity of fluid across the seating faces of said members as they approach each other; to thoroughly clean said seating faces, flanges being provided to protect the seating faces against the scoring or cutting action of the main flow of the llnid between the members before it is interrupted in part, without, however, interfering with the cleaning action of the members referred to. My present invention is an improvement on the invention shown in United Sta-tes Letters Patent No. 905,219, which were issued to me December 1, 1908, the particular features of improvement being the provision of the cleaning action of the seating faces just referred to yand in addition the disposing of the seating faces in inclined instead of horizontal position which not only better protects the seating faces against the scoring or cutting action of the fluid flow being cutoff by bringing the said n'iembers together, but also establishes a relation between theseating faces when the members are brought llrmly together such that subsequent contraction due to the interruption of the fluid flow holds the seating face of the movable .member more tightly against the seating face of the stationary member, which actionV is most prononnced when the valve is used for controlling the flowof high pressure steam or other fluid at high temperature.

My invention will best be understood by reference to the accompanying drawing showing my valve structure in vertical, central, sectional view and further advantages secured by my. improvedconstruction will- Applcation filed July 20, 1922. vSerial No. 576,175.

lappear from the detailed consideration of said drawing.

As shown in the drawing my improved valve construction consists of a valve body or casing 10 having anoutlet passage 11 and and an inlet passage 12 communicating with each other through the casing when the valve is open. Opposite the passage 12 the casing is provided with an opening to receive the bonnet 13 containing the mechanism for op, erating the valve structure. The casing has mounted in the inner end of the passageway 12, an externally threaded valve member 14 tightly screwed in place in engagement with corresponding threads in the inner end of the passageway 12 with its axis in line with the operating stem 15 carried by the bonnet 18. The member 14 is annular to permit the llow of fluid therethrough and its inner surface is provided with lugs or grooves 16 to be engaged by a suitable tool for tightly seating the/member 14 against ythe casing 10 or for removing said member when necessary. The member 14 is provided with an inclined or beveled annular valve seat 14a converging l in the direction of the lluid flow and within which radially, an annular groove 14h is formed which groove as indicated has a rounded bottom and said member carries an upwardly projecting annular flange 11iA which projects somewhat above the 'valve seat 14a and which is accurately bored to receive the inner portion of the movable member of the valvestructnre. The movable valve member of the structurel consists of a disk 17 provided with an annular valve seat 17a of substantially the same diameter as the valve seat 14a and inclined to accurately lit the valve seat 14Ca when the valve is closed. Outside of the valve seat 17 a depending annular' flange 17b projects from the member 17, said ila-nge being of slightly greater iin ternal diameter than the external diameter of the shouldered portion of the member 14.

The parts are so proportioned that with the member 17 in its closed position, there is a clearance or space between the member 17 and the casing 10 and also ,between the -llange 17h and the member 14. The lower edge of the flange 17bis preferably somewhatl below the conical surface of the seat 17a if it were outwardly extended to said flange and between said flange and said seat Van annular recess .17 is formed to insure proper engagement of the seat 17 with lil the seat 14 and a proper functioning of the lange 171 to be later described. The inember 17 is provided with a lcentral cylindrical flange extension 17d having an outer diameter slightly less than the diameter of rthe bore oi the flange 14 and between the cylindrical portion 17d and the seat 17a an annd lar groove 17e is formed in the member 17 which extends upwardly in said member and is provided preferably with a rounded bottoni. The upper portion ot the member 17 is provided with a 'lf-shaped slot 171 to be engaged by the head 15a on the lower end of the koperatingstem 15, provided with a lower spherical `surface 15C. The stem 15 passes through a stuiting box 1S carried by the bonnet 13 and above said stuing box said stem is threaded as indi-cated at 15T to engage a similarly threaded member 19 'car-4 ried by the upper end oi the bon-net 1B, and outside oi the bonn-et an operating wheel 2O is secured to the end ot the stem 15. Ribs 21 are provided on the inner surface oit' the casing 10 to engage 'the outer portion o1 the movable valve member 17 to guide the latter when it is moved to its closed position.- Above the member 17, the stem 15 is pro vided with a flange 15d having an upper conical surface for engaging and fitting a similarly shaped chafmter 15 on the lower end of the bonnet 13 to prevent fluid iiow around the stem when reaackin-e the stuffing box 18.

rlll/1e advantages secured `by the above construction and its mode o operation are as follows: When the member 17 is in its uppermost position, a iree passage is ailord ed between the inlet and outlet passages 12 and 11 and ttor this condition the lewer edge ol the tlange 17d is well above the upper edge et the nange 14.6 so that the lituid i'nay iow without substantial restriction between the valve members and through the bore in the member 14. lflearing in mind that this construction is particularly intended for use in controlling the How ot' fluid under high pressure and that the scoring or cutting eii'ect ot said fluid is great when Yforced to rapidly liow through restricted pass ges, the means I employ in my present structure to avoid cuttii'ig theI valve seats 'will be appie-- elated. .During the closing operation ot the valve, as the niova ble. ii'iember I7 approach-es the n'ieiubel.' ll, the passageway between the edges olf the flanges 17 and 1st becru'nes restricted and the velocity olf the flow at this point correspondingly increased. Any cutting or scoring oi' the flanges '17Ll and llc which occurs at this time is notl detrimental, said flanges are provided. partly for this purpose and it is not essential that Athe clearance between them shall be any exact amount. The rapidly iowing fluid delivered from between the llanges 17d and 14, enters y'the grooves 17e anu 11i-1b in which a whirling motion ot said fluid is set up and expansion thereof takes place, resulting' in dissipating its velocity and energy ot ifiow. At this time, the passageway between the valve seats is still ofrelatively large cross section and the velocity flow of the expanded fluid across the valve seats is not great enough to do any damage to the valve seats by cutting or scoriiig. As 'the member 17 continues to approach the member 14, asa result of the action of the guiding ribs 21, the member 17 is `centered relatively to the m'einber 141 and `the ia'nge 17d enters the bore in the ilange 14C thus interriip'ting the major portion of the low of the liuid through the valve fstri'icture. lt has been found impracticable in practice to malte the lit between the llanges 17 and la a tight sliding lit 'on account 'of unequal expansion and 'contraction 'due to temperature changes, wl'iich, particularly when the valve stri'icture is rused with high temperature steam, are consider-- able, the temperature ot' the valve nuinibers being a maximum when the Huid is freely flowing through the valve structurevaiul a minimum when the liow is interrupted by the closing or' the valve. I therefore find it advisable to provide a slight cleara'ice between tlre outer surface of the flange 17vd and the flange T140, which cleara'i'ice is suiicient so that for maximum expansioi'i and ront'raction of the valve members le and 17, there will never be a condition et binding of the flange 17d in the flange 111. As a result, at the time of closing the valve, there is always a certain amount oit clearance betweei'rthe two flanges which although small, is 's'iiiiicient to permit a penceptible amount olz fluid 'to How between said flanges and this ilow across the valve seats has insutlicieut velocity to cut or score them but has at the saine time siiiiciei'it velocity to carry from them any particles et dirt or foreign mattei' that may have lodged on them and thus when the closing operation is completed. the valve seats are clean and are brought into true engagenu-nit with each 'other 'to goin pletely interrupt the Huid flow. lhis true 'engagement of "the val ve seats is 'facilitated by thespherical end 15C oi the rod 15 eugaging the `bottom ot the slot 17E loosely enough to permit said sealing aud ein'i'ispomllug .necessary movement ot' tlw disk 1T relatively lo the lOCl without i'estijail'it oib any hind bythe rod 15.

It will further be observed that the iiiclijued relation of the valve sea-'ts pinduees an accurate centering ol: the valve member 17 relatively to ythe valve member 14 when the seats are brought together and further more the contraction of the member 17 immediately after the closing oi the valve tends to bring the valve seats into more positive engagement than that e'ected by the turning ot the operating wheel 20, wl'iich CIK Hill

would not be the case were the valve seats or either of them horizontally disposed. Further advantages secured by my construction are that when the valve member 17, during its closing, is still sufficiently above the member la to permit rapid flow o-f the fluid between the valve members, the flange 17J shields or protects the valve seat 17L from the action of the rapidly moving fluid and the flange 14 serves the same purpose for the valve seat 14a. Furthermore the several grooves and recesses 14:1, 17c and 17e serve during the closing operation to direct the rapidly flowing fluid for a brief interval immediately before the flange 17d enters the flange late, against and across the valve seats which action tends to remove any scale or accumulation that may have formed on or adhered to the valve seats and immediately following this when the flange 17d has entered the flange 14C the curved bottoms of the grooves are effective in dissipating the velocity of the fluid still passing` between the valve members so that the velocity of the flow across the seats is a minimum. The effect of my construction is thus to momentarily direct the rapidly flowing fluid against and across the valve seats, immediately after which, although the flow is not completely interrupted by the engaging flanges, it is sufficiently reduced in velocity across the valve seats so that it produces no harmful results but has only a cleaning action as it will be observed that before the valve seats engage each other the amount of fluid flow is further reduced on account of the length of overlap of the flanges 14 and ld being at that time a maximum thus affording a maximum resistance to the fluid flow between them. IVhile I have shown the said flanges separated an appreciable.

Vhile I have shown my invention in the particular embodiment above described it will be understood that I do not limit myself to this exact construction, as I may employ equivalents known to the art at the time of the filing of this application without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

That I claim is:

l. In a valve, the combination of a casing having a passageway through it for fluid flow, coaxial valve members in said casing for closing and opening said passageway, one of said valve members being tubular and fixed and the other of said valve members being disk-like and movable, said valve members having cooperating annular valve seats converging in the direction of fluid flow through the casing, said valve members having cooperating vcylindrical flange eX- tensions 'of smaller diameter than said valve seats and telescopically engaging each other during the closing of the valve to restrict the fluid flow through the casing before said valve seats engage each other, each of said valve members having therein between its flange extension and its valve seat an annular groove having a rounded bottom.

2. In a valve, the combinati-on of a casing having a passageway through it for fluid flow, co-aXial valve members in said casing for closing and opening said passageway, one of said valve members being tubular and fixed and the other of said valve members being disk-like and movable, said valve members having cooperating annular valve seats converging in the direction rof fluid flow through the casing, said valve members having cooperating cylindrical flange eX- tensions of smaller diameter than said valve seats and telescopically engaging each other during the closing of the valve to restrict the fluid llow through the casing before said valve seats engage each other, each of said valve members having therein between its flange extension and its valve seat an annular groove having a rounded bottom, the side walls of one of said grooves being substantially` parallel and cylindrical.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this llth day of July, A. l). 1922.

(i) LAI" E. OLESO Nt

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