US1516913A

US1516913A - Rotary grinding machine

Info

Publication number: US1516913A
Application number: US186423A
Authority: US
Inventors: Cramm Harro
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-08-15
Filing date: 1917-08-15
Publication date: 1924-11-25
Anticipated expiration: 1941-11-25

Description

1516,913 H. CRAMM ROTARY GRINDING MACHINE Nov. 25,1924.

briginal FigedAuz. 15' 191'? s Sheets-Sheet 1 witness p. 1 v Juvenrorf Jffm Uramn;

W- I I by% g NOV. 25,

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Aug. 15 1917 wil ness M Nov. 25, 1924- I 1 1,516,913

H. cRAMM ROTARY GRINDING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 15 1917' 3 sheets sheet 5 wilnesS flnveulor flzrra a ty/rm crosssection.

Patented Nov. 25 1924.

"UNITED. STATES HARRO CRAMM, OF NEUKOLI'N, GERMANY.

Romany GRINDING MACHINE.

Application-filedaugusiz 15, 1917, Serial No. 186,423. Renewed October 21, 19 24.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRO GRAMM, a citizen of the German Empire, and resident of Neukolln, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Grinding Machines, for which patents have been applied for and obtained as follows: Germany, filed May 15, 1914, Patent No. 290,409, issued February 26, 1916; Germany, filed September 22, 1916, Design-Patent (Gebrauchsmuster) No. 659,47 8, issued March 3rd, 1917; Germany, filed October 20, 1916, Design-Patent (Gebrauchsmuster). No. 695,567, issued January 15, 1919; Switzerland, filed August 14, 1916, Patent No. 73,937, issued December 16, 1916; Czecho- Slovakia, filed February 4, 1920, Patent No. 2,162, issued December 15, 1918; Great Britain, filed June 29, 1920, Patent No. 145,599, issued March 17, 1921; France, filed July 1, 1920, Patent No. 518,552, issued May 27 1921; Austria, filed August 11, 1916, Patent No. 7 8,07 8, issued September 10, 1919, and of which the following 1s a specification.

My invention relates to a rotary machine for comminuting, mixing, kneading and otherwis'etreatin materials, particularly such that are granu ated or in the form of pieces, as aniline colours, grain, fruit-shells, minerals, resins, salts, etc.

My improved machine comprises a rotary barrel like that of a tube mill. The inside of the barrel is smooth, that is, without openings and without ribs or other projecting parts. Where the machine is to be used for comminuting purposes, I provide a barrel of polygonal, e. g., triangular, quadrangular,

Loosely running in said barrel is a stamper (or a plurality of stampers) which extends approximately over the en tire length of the barrel. The comminuting or grinding action of this machine is accomplished by carrying up said stamper to a suitable height and then allowing itto fall over under the action of gravity. It is desirable that the inner surface of the barrel should be smooth, not only in order to simplify the' construction of the barrel but also to facilitate its cleaning, which latter item is important where various materials are successivelymtreated that must be prevented from getting into contact.

The amount of power required to operate my improved machine is comparatively small and the material is thoroughly comminuted.

I have found that my machine is particularly suited for the treatment of chemical substances as its smooth inside can readily be cleaned and may without difficulty be pro- 'vided with a lining that is proof against the action of acids, alkalies, etc. It may be desirable to heat 'or cool the contents of the barrel, for instance, Where the machine'is" used for treating material which becomes heated during the comminuting and mixing operations or gives off vapours or gases, so that the barrel is liable to become deformed. In order to avoid this, I provide an additional shell around the shell of said barrel, and

introduce a cooling medium into the chamber formed by the inner and outer shells. Obviously, I may also, where the contents of the barrel should be heated, employ a heating medium'in said chamber. This is, for instance, effected if the machine serves for the comminution of mussels which, during the grinding operation, must be dried or roasted so as to obtain a dry powder which may be used as fodder or manure.

Instead of circulating a heating or cooling medium in a chamber surrounding the barrel, I may also make arrangements for introducing the heating or cooling medium into the barrel so that it acts directly on its contents.

Where it is desirable to remove the vapours or gases which may form during the process, I provide a-valve or a plurality of valves communicating with the interior of the barrel, and means for automatically actuating said valve or valves.

As material which clogs at a relatively high temperature might adhere to the inside of the barrel, I preferably provide the stamper or Stampers with projections, ribs or the like so that it is able to disengage such adhering matter in the manner of a scraper.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings in which I have illustrated several embodiments of my. invention.

Fig. 1. is an elevation of one form of my improved machine, Figs. 2 to 5 are cross-sections through its barrel illustrating several relative positions of the barrel and the stamper running in it, Figs. 6 and 7 are, respectively an elevation and cross-section of a preferred form of stamper, Fig. 8 is a crosssection of .ab'arrel having a double shell for heating or cooling, Fig.9 is a cross-section of a machine the barrel of which is heated or cooled by means of a fixed apparatus, and

Fig. is an elevation, partly in section, of a machine in which the heating or cooling agent is introduced into the interior of the barrel. i

Referring now to Fig. 1, it-will be seen that the barrel 3 is rotatably carried on standards 1, by means of trunnions 7, and

. cated in Fig. 8.

I through fall back into the position shown indotted" which the barrel rotates arrow, the material in the barrel alternate raising motion may be imparted to it by any suitable means, in the machine illustrated is heart-shaped in cross-section, see Figs; 2 to 5. Runnin loosely in the barrel is a stamper 4 whic 1 extends approximately over the entire length of the barrel and is here shown in the form of a cylinder.

Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate a stamper 14 provided with projections or bosses 13 Which enable it-to act like a scraper and to} remove triangular or adhering matter from the inside of the bar-.

rel. If desired, such a stamper mayco-operate with a plain cylindrical one 4, asindi The barrel has a feed opening adapted to be closed by a door or cover 5. Through this opening, about two thirds of the barrel are filled with the material to be treated. After the cover 5 has been see Figs. 3. and 1in which the .barrelis at" an angle of 15 or 125, respectively, to its position in Fig. 2. en the stamper has been raised to such a height that it is wholly or partially free from to material, which will be the'case after the arrel has turned an angle of 180, see Fig. 5, it will lines in Fig. 5, thereby comniinuting the material between it and the barrel. This and dropping of the stamper 4 is continuously repeated as the .a comparatively small carried up being a triangle or barrel rotates, causing a very expeditious and efi'ect1ve reduction of thematerial with amount of power, as, owmg to the triangular or heart-shaped cross-section of the barrel, the stamper is ing-down, without necessitating an increase in the velocity of revolution, -as would be one case in a cylindrical barrel.

e cross-section of the barrel, instead of trated, may; also be such as a pulley 2. The barrel" to a considerable height and so f enabled to exert an efir'ective action on fallb 60 heart-shape as illusa quadrangle or any other polygon,.but in each case I prefer to have the entire inner surface of the barrel concave towards the axis of rotation, which extends within-the barrel. If it is desired to heat or cool the material in the barrel, I may provide an additional shell 6 around the shell. of barrel 3, see Fig. 8, so as to form a chamber in which a heating or cooling medium may circulate- Preferably, such medium is introduced into the chamber and discharged from it through the trunnions 7 of the barrel 3, which are made 1101- low for the purpose, and connected with supply and

discharge pipes

9 and 10, respec--' tively, see'dotted lines and arrows in Fig. 1. In order to facilitate the heat-exchange, I may provide the opposing faces of the

double shell

3, 6, (that is to say, the faces in contact with the heating or cooling medium) with corrugations or grooves extending lengthwise of the axis of rotation,- as illustrated in Fig. 8. These corrugations not only increase the area of the surface in contact with the said heating or cooling medium, but also intensify the whirling motion of such medium during the rotation of the barrel and thus insure a more powerful heating or cooling action.

The barrel may also be heated or cooled by a fixed apparatus-past 'which it rotates.- Such an arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 9.

The barrel 3, mounted to rotate on standards 1 as before described, is here, by way of example, shown quadrangular in crosssection. In one side of this quadrangle is formed a feed-opening adapted to be closedby a cover or door 5 which is hinged to the barrel at 5 and adapted to be locked by a bolt or lever 5".

- Below the barrel, and so that the barrel partly projects into it, .I

11 which, at or near its bottom, provided with a plurality of pipes 12 WhlCll mav either be spray as it is rotatin If material is comminuted, mixed, ed, etc., which gives off vapours or gases, spring-loaded valves 20 are provided which are in communication with the interior of the barrel, see Fig. 10. Lugs 22 are secured to a rod 22" arranged above the barrel 3 and supported on the standards 1 by up pipes for cooling the barrel arrange a casing or gas burners'for heating it.

kneadrights-23. These lugs periodically open the 4 valves by means of spindles 21, as the barrel rotates, so that the vapours. or gases will periodically escape and no excessive'pressure can occur in the barrel. I have illustrated our valves which are distributed over the arrel in a helical line, so that vapours, etc. are discharged successively from several parts of the barrel, as the spindles 21 of the valves are successively engaged by the corresponding lugs 22. The area of the valves and their distribution over the barrel are such that the pressure in the barrel can not exceed a predetermined limit. If the pressure in the barrel were allowed to rise too high, it might occur that the material would be partly ejected through one of the valves on its being opened. The valves should be so distributed over the barrel, that the excess pressure escapes successively at several places along the axis of the barrel,

periodically escape through the valves 20' while the barrel is continuously cooled and a Stamper 4, preferably of the scraper type illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, detaches those particles of soap, that may adhere to the inside of barrel 3.

The machine illustrated in Fig. 10 is so constructed that the heatin or cooling medium is introduced into t e barrel instead of being applied to its outside.

One ofthe trunnions of barrel 3, say trunnion 15, is made hollow and has a hoodshaped extension 16 in which is arranged a ventilator 17. The shaft of this ventilator is carried in bearings 18 on a standard 19, and motion is 'imparted to it by the drivin shaft 24 which is carried in bearings 25 an 26 on standardsv 1 and 27, respectively. Mounted on this shaft is a gear wheel 28 which meshes with a corresponding gear wheel on trunnion 15 Motion is imparted to shaft 24 by means of fast-a'nd-loose pulleys 29. A belt 31 passes from further fast-and-loose pulleys'30 on shaft 24 to a pulley 32 on the shaft of ventilator 1.7. In this manner, a heating or cooling'medium is compressed by the ventilator 17 and forced into the barrel 3.

I claim:

1. An apparatus of the class described, comprising a rotary barrel which in cross section perpendicular to the axis of rotation has smooth surface rtions alternately approaching and recedmg from, the said axis, which is located within said barrel, said cross section being uniform throughout the operative length of the barrel, and a crushing roller located 'in said barrel and extendin substantiallv the entire length of the barre with the axis of such roller parallel to that of the barrel.

2. An apparatus of the class described, comprising a rotary barrel having a chamber provided with means for supplying it with a medium under pressure, a series of valves controlling outlet from said chamber and located in a spiral series at different points of the length of the barrel, and a stationary bar extending lengthwise of the barrel exteriorly thereof to engage and open said galve? successively during the rotation of the arre 3. An apparatus of the class described,

comprising a rotary barrel formed at one end with a trunnion held to turn with said barrel, a fan located within said trunnion, and means for rotating said fanrelatively to said trunnion.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

HARRO