US1516003A - Artificial tooth - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 18, 1924. 1,516,003

J. B. DAVIS ARTIFICIAL TOOTH Filed D ec. 51,. 1914 atent g ran STATES" PAT Nr QFFma-Q I come 1;. DAVIS, or msnownn, rnnnsvnvmm, assrenon To man s. s.

mammarmmacrunnve conrm, a eonrona'rron or rnnnsnvama.

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Application Med December 81, 1914. Serial No. 879,877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN B. DAvIs, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Lansdowne, in the county of Delaware, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Artificial Teeth, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accom anying drawings.

y invention relates particularly to that class-ofartificial teeth which are commonly designated as, interchangeable facings' or crowns, and is esgecially directed to the are, to provi e a porcelain tooth-crown so shaped and proportioned as to be rigidly mounted in suitably shaped complementary socket members forming a cap, bridge or of the patient.

plate, affording a maximum rigidity in the support of said tooth-crown with a mini- 'mum amount of metal, and permitting replacing of the tooth-crown without removing the metallic framework from the mouth Other objects of my invention are, .to provide a tooth-crown having means for attaching it to a metallic support, so disposed as to permit of its being ground or otherr wise altered for short bite cases or for any other purpose, without impairing or in any way weakening its means of attachment to said support; and to provide a tooth-crown whose means of attachment afford reinforcements in the backing so disposed as to ofier substantial abutments in oppositionto the possible" stresses, for the supporting shoulders or ledges of the porcelam tooth body. v v ,M invention comprehends a tooth-crown in w 'ch' thebody, including. the cusps and the front are integrally-formed of'porcelain, and which may be removably'engaged with suitably formed metallic on s providing sockets therefor, having rein orcing abut- 'ment ridges or ribs connected by relatively thin webs, and so disposed that when said cups are laterally joined to-form a bridge or plate, the tooth supporting structure Wlll comprise-a shell having a skeleton frame whose reinforcing bars or ribs are braced .byb relatively thm' interposed connecting we 8.

. My invention further includes all of the various novel features of construction I and arrangement hereinafter nore definitely.

specified. In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevational view of-a porcelain tooth-crown embodying a convenient form of my invention, fitted into its complementary metallic mounting cup; Fig, 2 is a side v elevational view of the tooth-crown shown in Fig. 1, showing the metallic mounting cup invertical longitudinal section for convenience of illustration; Fig. 3 is a rear elevational view of the tooth-crown shown I in Figs. 1 and 2, per se; Fig. 4 is a vhori-.

zontal sectionalviewof the tooth-crown and its mounting cup, taken on the line 4-4 in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is a side elevational view'of' a modification of the tooth-crown shown in Fig. 1, showing its mounting cup in vertical longitudinal section for convenience of illustration; Fig. 6 is a rear elevational view of the tooth-crown shown in Fig. 5, per se;

Fig. 7 is a vertical. longitudinal sectional view of the mounting cup such as is associated with the tooth-crown shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 8 is a transverse dia onal sectlonal view of the mounting-cup s own in Figs.- -5 and 7, taken on the line 8-8 in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a side elevational view of another modified form-of tooth-crown, showing its mounting in vertical longitudinal section for convenience of illustration; Fig. 10 is a. horizontal sectional view taken through the porcelain tooth-crown and its mountingon the line 10-10 in Fig, 9; and Fig. 11 is a rear elevational view of the tooth-crown shown in Figs. 9 and 10, per se.-

Inhe form'of my invention shown in Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, the tooth-crown bo y ory whichis preferably formed of celain, comprises the integrally formed uccal facing 2, cusp facing 3 havin the one s 4, and In '5 projectin finwar ly in t e angle of t e respective acings and of such extent as to form a substantially horizontal marginal ledge 6 extending along the sides and back of the tooth-crown near.-the cusp end and terminating at the rear surface of the buccal facing, and the vertical marginal.

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vertical rooves or recesses 9 and 10, extending t erethroughand respectively terminatin at the ledge 6 upon the respectively opposite sides of said lug 5.

As best shown in Fig. 2, the rear surface of the buccal facing 2 slopes obliquely outward toward the gingival edge from its intersection with the gingival surface of the lug 5, which preferably slo es from said intersection rearwardly, 'inc ining toward stantially forming a continuous groove exsides thereof with its edges abutted againstv tending horizontally across the tooth-crown body and vertically'upon opposite sides to the ledge 6. As shown by a comparison of Figs. 2 and 3, said ledge 6 is broader along the back of the tooth-crown body than at the sides thereof.

The tooth-crown above described is ar-- ranged to be detachably engaged with its complementary mounting cup 13,'wh-ich provides a socket therefor and comprises a thin shell conforming to the inner surfaces of said tooth-crown and extending over the the ledges 7 and 8 adjacent to the lateral edges 0 the inner surface of the buccal facing 2, and the ledge 6 extending around the edge of the cusp facing 3.

he mounting cup 13 is provided with ribs 15 and 16, pro'ectin into the grooves 9 and 10 and exten ing from the occlusal ed 0 which abuts against the ledge 6 along t e vertical forward edges, and merges into-the transverse rib 17 which extends transversely across the mounting cup 13 intermediate of its front and rear edges and enters the groove formed b the an le '12 in the toothcrown body. T e broa ened ledge at the back of the tooth-crown adords s ace for a reinforcing rib 19 at therear e ge ofthe mountin cup, 7

It wil be obvious from the foregoing description that the mounting cup 13 may 0 at ca which may be permanently secured to t e'natural tooth root in any wellknown manner and provide a mounting in which the porcelain tooth-crown may be cemented, or said mounting cup may form a unitqjof a bridge or late in which a plurality of such unitso suitable conformation may be joined to form a unitary structure having a series of sockets for the reception of tooth-crowns of the desired form suitable to complete the dental arch.

It will be seen that when a plurality of mounting cups of the form contemplated are soldered together side by side t form a bridge or plate, the chened rediedge intense forming the reinforcin rib 19 serves to form a continuous rein orcing'bar substantially conforming to the dental arch. Likewise, the transverse rib 17 serves to form a similar bar extending substantially parallel with the bar formed by the ribs 19 and connected by relatively thin webs of metal extending over the inner surfaces of the toothcrown and turned over the sides thereof, and reinforced by the transversely extending spurs comprising the lateral ribs 15 and 16.

By thus forming the tooth-crown mounting, such bridge or plate comprises a skeleton frame or network of reinforcing bars or ribs extending in'the directions of possible stresses and connected by relatively thin webs which tend to brace said skeleton frame and prevent its distortion, whereby the greatest possible strength is attained with a minimum amount of metal.

In the form of my invention shown in Figs. 5 to 8, inclusive, the tooth-crown body comprises the buccal facing :20, the cusp facing 21 having the cusps 22, and the lug 23 extending rearwardly in the angle of the respective facings, and forming the substantially horizontal ledge 24 extendingaround the opposite sides and back thereof near the cusp end and the substantially vertical led 'e 25 extending along the lateral edges of t e buccal facing 20.

In this form of my invention, the gingival surface of the lug 3 is provided with the angularlydisposed urfaces 26 and 27 forming the interior angle 28, providing a transverse oove parallel with but spaced somewhat gdhind the plane of the rear surface of the buccal facing 20.

Said lug 23 is also provided in its opposite sides with grooves 29 and 30 connected at their inner ends with the groove formed by the angle 28 and extending therefrom obliquely forward and terminating at the intersection of the ledge 24 and rear surface of the buccal facing 20. I

The mounting cup 33, complementary to the form of tooth-crown shown in Fi 5 to 8, inclusive, comprises a thin shel 0 metal gle 28 in the tooth-crown, and merges into the lateral reinforcing ribs 40 and 41 respecin te tooth-crown. v h

It will be noted that the mounting cup 33 is all rwpects ar to the mounting llllO lld tivel. projecting into the grooves 29 and 30 cup 13 shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, except that its lateral ribs and-41 instead of extending vertically, as in the mounting cup 13, extend obliquely with respect to the occlusal plane of the tooth-crown, so that the engagement of the tooth-crown with the mounting cup 33 will be effected in an ob-r lique direction.

In the form of my invention shownin Figs. 9 to 11, inclusive, the porcelain toothcrown comprises the buccal facing 43, cusp facin 44 having the cusps 45, and the inwardl y projecting lug 46 forming the substantially horizontal ledge 47 near the cusp end of the tooth-crown, and the substantially vertical ledge 48 along the lateral rear edges of the buccal facing 43. Said lug 46 is provided upon its o grooves 49 and 50 extending along the ledge 47 and terminating at the rear surface of the buccal facing 43. v a

The mounting cup 51, which is complementary to the form of tooth-crown shown in Figs. 9 to 11, inclusive, comprises a thin shell of metal overlVing the inner surfaces of the tooth-crown, with its forward edges 52 and 53 of its opposite sides abutted -against the ledge 48 at the rear surface of the buccal facing 43, and the incisive edge of the opposite sides and back abutting against the ledge 47 and having a continu-' ous reinforcing rib 54 extending along. said led e and projecting into said grooves 49 an 50.

It will be obvious that a tooth-crown constructed in accordance with this invention may be ground to any desired depth withosite sides with said le out in anyway weakening its means of support. This is especially advantageous in short bite cases.

Although I have specificially referred to the tooth-crown body as being formed of facing, a cusp facing, and a lug in the angle thereof forming a marginal ledge along-the inner surfaces of said facings, and having lateral (grooves extending along the ledge,

ge being relatively broader at the back than at the sides.

2. An artificial tooth, comprising'a buccal facing, a cusp facing, a lug inthe angle thereof forming a ledge along the innersurface of said facing, and having lateral grooves directed outwardly or labially towardsaid angle, and a transverse groove connecting said lateral grooves.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 30th day of December, A. D. 1914. i

JOHN B. DAVIS. Witnesses; I

WILLiAM J. RUssnLL, Cm'rorr C.

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