US1514732A - Electromagnetic signaling apparatus - Google Patents

Description

ELECIQROHAGNETIC SIGNALIWG APPARATUS Filed Jun@ 2l. 1921 3 Shams-Sham. l

P. J. RUDDY LIELECTHOMAGUEITIC SIGNALING APPARATUS Filed June 2l. 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 N. M i924. LSEQ P.J.Runm

ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNALING APPARATUS Film! Jun@ 2l. 19?] 3 Sheets-Shea?, 3

nummmmmuf Patented Nov. ll, 1924.

UNETED STATES PATRICK J'. BUDDY, OF CENTRALIA, PENNSYLVANI,

ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNALING APPARATUS.

Application filed June 21, 1921.

To all whom t 'may cof/wem.'

Be it known fthat l, PATRICK J. BUDDY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Centralia, in the county of Columbia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Electromagnetic Signaling Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

One object of my invention is to provide an improved electromagnetic signaling apparatus' which can be used without aerial or ground wires, and for this reason my imp roved apparatus is not subject to t-he disturbances and disadvantageous conditions present in electromagnetic signaling apparatus now in common use.

Another object is to provide signaling apparatus which can be made in compact form and which can be used without permanent ixtures and for this reason my improved apparatus can be readily transported.

These objects, and other advantageous ends which will be described hereinafter, l attain in the following manner, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a view partly diagrammatic showing improved receiving apparatus made in accordance with my invention,-

Figure 2 is an enlarged section of the tuningztube illustrated in Figure 1,

igure 3 is anenlarged view of one of the ma etic impulse receiving tubes illustrated in igure 1,

Figure a is an enlarged view of a modified form of one of the magnetic impulsetubes shown in Figure 1,

Figure 5 is an enlarged Vview showing a modified form of the tuning tube shown in Figure 1,

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view showin l a modified form of resistance device whic Serial No. 479,299.

larly constructed and are preferably made of glass and have at their opposite ends metallic pole members 11 and 12; said pole members having disk portions 18 which are arranged adjacent the opposite ends of the tubes and have stems projecting out of the ends of the tubes. The stems 14 of the pole members 11 are connected with electric generators illustrated in the form of batteries 15. One or more coils 16 having magnetic cores 17 are in circuit with the generator 15 and the pole membersll of the magnetic impulse tubes. rlhe coils 16, as shown in Figure 1, present a constant resistance. However, if desired, I may use a coil such as shown at 16a in Figure 6 in which the resistance can be varied as will hereinafter be described. As illustrated in Figure 1 the magnetic impulse tubes 10 contain balls of different substances. Forexample the portions of the tubes adjacent the pole members 11 and 12 as shown at 18 and 19 contain lead balls; the portions 20 of the tubes immediately adjacent the portions 18 contain magnetized steel balls and the portions of the tubes between the parts 2O and 19 contain soft iron balls 21.

l have proved by actual demonstrationv that the arrangement ci these balls can be varied as will be described in connection with other ligures of the drawing and that the apparatus is operative under the dierent conditions hereinafter described.

A magnetic tuning tube 22, which is preferably made .of glass, contains adjustable pole members 23 and 2t which are connected by wires 25 and 26 through the medium of a switch 2'? to the respective pole-members 12 of the magnetic impulse tubes 10. lt will be noted that the pole members 11 and 12 can be moved inwardly if desired to vary the contact pressure oi' the balls one upon the other and also that the pole members 23 and 24 of the magnetic tuning tube 22 can be moved inwardly and outwardly if desired. The tube. 22 inthe form illustrated in Figure 1 contains lead balls in the portions 28 and 29 respectively adjacent the pole members 23and 24.. The central portion 30y of the tube contains mavnetzed steel balls in the form shown in Figure 1. l

preferably use rods 31 and 32 which passA through the pole members 23 and` @and into the mass ci the balls within the tube 22 so that ii there is any cohering action the balls may be agitated by the reds or these rods may be used for urpose of short-circuiting certain of the Balls to vary the resistance through the mass of balls. The pole pieces 23 and 24 through the medium of the rods 31 and 32 are connected to a receiver 33 or any similarly acting device. I preferably place adjacent the portions 21 of the magnetic impulse tubescontaining the soft iron balls the plus'and minus poles of a magnet 34 so as to magnetically influence the soft iron balls when the latter are employed as in the form shown in Figure 1. The poles of these magnets can be moved toward or from the respective impulse tubes to vary their magnetic action on the soft iron balls to suit various' requirements in the action of the apparatus.

Referring to the transmitting or sending portion of the apparatus as shown in Figure 7, I employ a tube 35 which will hereinafter be termed a magnetic or transmitting tube; said tube being preferably made of glass and of substantially the same construction and arrangementof parts as the magnetic tuning tube 22 described in connection with Figure 1. This magnetic tube 35 includes pole members 3.6 and 37. The parts 38 and 39 of the tube respectively adjacent the pole members 36 and 37 contain lead balls' While the intervening central portion 40 contains magnetized steel balls. Agitating and short-circuiting rods 41 and 42 preferably extend through the pole members 36 and 37 into the mass ofY `balls Within the tube 35.-

The pole members 36 and 37 through the medium of the rods 41 andv 42 are connected to the primary coil 43 of a transformer 44 in the .form of an induction coil; electric generators 45A being included in this circuit and are illustratedin the form of electric batteries. The pole members 36 and 37 are also in circuit with sending apparatus illustrated both in the form of a tele hone transmitter 46 and a telegraph key 4 rEhe seccndary .coil 48 of the transformer is in circuit with a 'number of coils 49 preferably having magnetic cores 50.

I have found by actual use and demonstration of the apparatus above described that upon operation of either the telegraphic key 47 or speaking into the transmitter 46 electro-magnetic waves Willbe established and that said electro-magnetic waves will be transmitted and received in the apparatus described in connection with 1 so as to be rendered audible in the receiver 33.

, By having the coils with magnetic cores in circuit with the batteries and ma etic receiving tubes 10, the wave length Wil harmonize `with the incoming vvave from the transmitting apparatus described in connection with Figure 7 when the iatter is positioned as a distant station or in other words is located at a f from the above mentioned apparatus. The magnetic cores of either the coils 16 or 16a cause the operation with a less number of coils than if ythe cores are not present. It will be noted that by having the lead balls adjacent the pole members Ain the magnetic impulse tubes the same serve as means for storing up current which is liberated When the magnetic impulse tubes are affected by the incoming Waves so that When'the other poles such as the magnetized steel and soft iron balls are moved, the current thus stored will be liberated to augment or increase the intensity of the current and action upon the receiver. Also the provision of these lead balls` causes the balls more nearly adjacent the middle of the length of the magnetic impulse tubes to be more active which is the desirable 'condition in order to receive the incoming wave from the side of the magnetic tubes.

As shown in Figure 4, I have illustrated another arrangement of the ballswithin the magnetic tube in which soft iron balls are placed adjacent the poles of the tube as shown at 51 and 52; the central and major portion 53'of the tube between the soft iron balls being made up of magnetized steel balls mixed with lead balls. In this construction `I preferably use approximately 7 0 per cent of magnetized steel balls mixed with 20 per cent of lead balls and 5 per cent of soft iron balls adjacent the opposite ends of the tube. I have foundthat this latter mentioned arrangement is also advantageous in the construction of the magnetic tuning tube of the receiving apparatus and the-magnetic transmitting tube of the transmitting apparatus.

In Figure 5, I have illustrated the magnetic tuning tube of the receiving apparatus including the portions 54 and 55 adjacent the poles as containing 5 per cent of soft iron balls and the central portion 56 of the tube containing a mixture of per cent steel balls and 20 per cent lead balls.

In Figure 8, I have illustrated the portions 57 and 58adjacent the poles as containing 5 per cent Vof soft iron balls and the central portion 59 containing a mixture of 70 per cent of magnetized steel balls and 20' per cent of lead balls. I have also found that by mixing the magnetized steel balls and the lead balls there is less possibility of the magnetized steel balls adhering to each other and the device can be operated without constant shaking of the tubes to separate the magnetized steel balls after the impulse is received. By moving the rods 31 and 41 inward or outward, the radius of the signaling apparatus may be varied. When these rods are drawn out to their limit of movement, the radius is" iong. When they are pushed in the radiusis short. lit `will befurther noted that when the soft iron balls are employed the latter take up some of the magnetism 'when used in combination with the magnetized steel balls mixed with lead balls and I have found that there' is no need when said latter combination is used to short-circuit the magnetic tubes or to shake them to get them in operation. I have also found by actual use and demonstration that the receiving apparatus described in any of its forms is capable of receiving impulses, which are audible in the receiver, from transmitting stations other than that described in connection with Figure 7 so that I can employ my receiving apparatus for receiving electro-magnetic signals emanating from stations equipped with transmitting mechanism now in common use.

lVhile I have described my invention as taking a particular form, it will be understood that the various parts of my invention may be changed without departing from the spirit thereof, and hence I do not limit myself to the precise construction set forth, but consider that I am at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. Radio apparatus including a tuning member consisting of a tube of non-conducting material; pole members in the tube; a group of lead balls within the tube adjacent each pole member, and a group of maggetized steel balls between the group of lead alls.

2. Radio apparatus including a timing member consisting of a tube of non-conducting material; pole members slidable in the tube; a group of lead balls within the tube adjacent each pole member, and a group of magnetized steel balls between the groups of lead balls.

3. Radio apparatus including a tuning member consisting of a tube of non-conducting material; pole members in the tube; a group of lead balls within the tube adjacent each pole member; a group of magnetized steel balls between the groups of lead balls, and rods extending through the pole members and into the groups of balls.

4. Radio apparatus including impulse members consisting of a non-conducting tube; pole members in the ends of the tube; a group of lead balls within the tube adjacent each pole member; a group of iron balls adjacent each group of lead balls, and a group of magnetized steel balls between thev groups of iron balls.

5. Radio apparatus including vimpulse members consisting of a non-conducting tube; pole members in the ends of the tube; a group of lead balls within the tube adjacent each pole member; a group of liron balls adjacent each group of lead balls; a

group of magnetized steel balls between the groups of iron balls, and magnetic poles at opposite sides of the impulse members.

6. Radio apparatus including an electric p circuit; a source of current therein; magnetic impulse members in series; magnetlc poles disposed at opposite sides ofthe impulse members; receiving means in series, and a ytuning member in parallel.

7. Radio apparatus including an electric circuit; a source of current therein; receiving means in series therewith, and a tuning member consisting of lead and steel balls in parallel.

8. Radio apparatus including an electric circuit; a source of current therein; mag-I netic impulse members consisting of lead, iron and steel balls in series with the cir cuit; receiving means in series, and a tuning member in parallel.

9. Radio apparatus including an electric circuit; a source of current therein; magnetic impulse members consisting of lead,4 iron and steel balls in series with the circuit; receiving means in series, and a tuning member consisting of lead and steel.v balls in parallel.

In testimony whereoilz I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. y

PATRICK il. RUDDY. 1Witnesses:

RAYMOND B. Tontas, LYDIA Tontas.

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