US1507545A - Process for the manufacture of artificial meerschaum - Google Patents

Description

izen of the German Republic, residing at have invented certain new' Patented Sept. 2,1924.

UNITED: STATES PAUL nnussmc, or R-UHLA, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR 'rofrrnn m iewms m & oo.,

'01 FRANKFORTON THEMAIN, GERMANY.

Paocnss was THE MANUFA TURE or ARTIFICIAL mnnnsoiianivr.

No Drawing.

T 0 all to ho m it may concern.

Be it known that 1, PAUL DnUss'INo, a cit- Ruhla, Germany, and useful Improvements in Processes "for the Manufacture of Artificial. Meerschaum,

of which the following a specification.

This invention relates to a process'for the manufacture of artificialmeerschaum which on the one hand combines the excellent qualities of real meerschaum and on the other hand possesses certain advantages over the natural product. .The objects made from the artificial meerschaum produced according to this invention are of the same colour as similar objects made from 'real meerschaum, have approximately the same weight and the same porosity as these. Pipebowls made from the artificial massare quite as nice in use as pipe-bowls made from real meerschaum as the artificial meerschaum manufactured according to this invention absorbs the tobacco juice quite as completely as this isdone by real meerschaum, so that in both cases the smoke reaching the mouth of the smoker is dry, of an agreeable and mild taste and absolutely free from biting and disagreeable effects.

The special advantages ofiered' by the artificial meerschaum compared with the natural substance consist in this that. objects made from the artificial product possess greater strength and durability, and areeasier to make and cheaper, than similar objects made from real meerschaum. It may be mentioned that real meerschaum and also the mass which is commonly used-in pipemanufacturing and which is madefrom the waste of real meerschaum becomes gradually soft or mellow in the course of time through the influence of the air, so that their resistance to external influences diminishes more and more and they become less fit'for service.

The artificial meerschaum produced according to 'this invention is'however absolutely insensitive to the above mentioned influences of the time, ofthe air, of the smoke and the like so that the durability of the objects made according to the new process is much greater than the durability of similar ornamental or useful objects made from real Application filed. June 1, 1921.

to be partly in raw quartz Serial No. 474,225."

' meerschaum or from a mass produced from waste of real 'ineerschaum. I

The process according to this invention consists in intimately mixing preferably in a ball mill-Hallie earth'and Meissner clay, or Meissner clay alone which in this case has pulverized state andin roasted state, with whiting and dust, after the several substances have been finely pulverized and in adding water until allthe granular substances have been partly ground, so that a semi fluid paste is formed,-*-

which is'filtered if paper, whereupon desired, through filter the paste or residue left on the filter (the filtrate being discarded) is slowly poured into moulds of gypsum and left to stand (several minutes will generally be sufficient) in these moulds for some time so that a layer of the mass settles upon the inner surface of the mass which has become thinly liquid (so called slip) is poured out of the mould and the moulded article is carefully removed from the mould after it has sufliciently dried, whereuponthe moulded article is baked in the oven at a temperature of about 800 (1, oiled and Waxed, mounted osier and lacquered.

1It is necessary to let the moulded article c ry tied in the required thickness upon the wall mould. The remaining I in bamboo or in in the mould as the mass which has setof the mould is still very soft and sensitive after the remainder of the liquid has-been poured oif so that it could be easily damaged when taken out-of the mould at once.

.Hallic earth'consists of 56.68 S10 30.63 A1 0,, 1.09 E6203, 0.10 Gail-0.31 MgO, 0.59

KNaO, 10.82 H20, andis obtained in the neighbourhoodof Halle,

Hallie Hallie on the-"Saale. The melting point of earth is about 32-34 Seger cone.

earth is a form of kaolin while Meissner clay consists of f 59.10 810,, 27.31

CaO, 0.22 MgO, 0.43 KNaO, 11.85 H 0, and

is obtained in the neighbourhood of Meissen, v

The meltingpoint of Meissner Meissner in Saxony. clay is about 31-32 Seger cone. clay is a form of kaolin.

A mixture of the following'composition is to be recommended 30 parts by weight of Hallie earth, 10

14: parts by weight of Meissner clay, well 7 roasted, pulverized,

6 parts by weight of-quartz dust, washed,

7.5 parts by weight of whiting,

0.8'parts by weight of feldspar,

50 parts by weight of water.

The articles produced from the special means, must be capable to be worked subsequently the biscuit baking, and the material must be-of such a nature that it can v tioned be cut or scratched with the knife Although the material, as regards composition has a strong resemblance to earthenware and more specially to limestone-ware it differs, owing to the special manner of baking, from earthen-ware or limestone-ware by the capacity to be cut or scratched with the knife, as earthenware or limestone-ware is hard and clinkering and cannot be cut with the knife. The special manner of baking menabove consists merely in maintaining a comparatively low temperature at the baking. \Vhile earthenware is submitted to a temperature from 11.00 to 1300 C. the material is in this case only baked at a temperature of 800 to 1000".

In order to produce a considerable reduction of the weight of the finished product and in order to ensure certain advantages in manufacturing e. g. in so far as the manufacturing of pipe-bowls and the like is carried out more rapidly than with the composition of the mass as stated: above.

and with a View to increase still further the resisting capacity against stroke and shock and consequently the durability, infusorial silica is either substituted for the washed quartz or it is used as special addition. In the latter case the quantity of infusorial silica added can vary according to the required reduction of weightv of the finished product, resulting fromthis addition.

- To one kilogramof the mixture composed as stated above 200, 300,. 400 and even up to 700 grains of infusorial silicacan be added.

Magnesia could further be added in order to increase the flexibility of the mass, or carbonate of potassium whichis generally used for this purpose.

Thearticles to be produced are obtained directly in the desired shape so that it is,

not necessary to bore out the mass as must be done in the manufacture of articles of real meerschaum, the cost of manufacture being thus reduced considerably so that the articles made from artificial meerschaum according to this improved process are much cheaper than those made from real meerschauin or from the well known meerschaum mass.

The casting processitself is not new and is known in the manufacture of artificial masses which contain waste of meerschaum and show a certain likeness with ineerschaum. I am aware that masses are known which are adapted to be cast and which contain clay, chalk, quartz and feldspar.

I claim 1. Process for the manufacture of artificial meerschaum consisting in finely grinding a substance commonly used for the manufacture of earthenware, composed of Hallic earth and mass, in filtering the same to form a paste, in bringing the paste into well dried moulds, in letting the mass dryin the moulds, in

removing the dry mass from the moulds and in giving the same the biscuit baking known in the manufacture of porcelain,

2. Process for the manufacture of artificial meerschaum consisting in finely grinding a substance commonly used for the, manufacture of earthenware, composed of 30 parts by weight of Hallic'earth and 10 parts by weight of Meissner clay, in admixmg this substance withlO parts by weight of finely ground whiting and with 4 parts by v ground quartzdust, in add 3. Process for themanufacture of artificial meerschaum consisting in finely'grind ing a substance commonly used for the manufacture of :earthenware, composed of Hallie. earth. and .Meissner clay with whiting and quartz dust, in adding water tosaid mass, in filtering the same to form a paste, in adding infusorial silica to the mass, and

in adding magnesia and carbonate of potassium to the mass 111 border to increase the malleabihty of the same, in bringing the paste into well dried moulds, in letting the mass dry in the moulds, in removingthe dry mass from the moulds and in givingv the same the biscuit baking known in the manufacture of porcelain. i

In testimony whereof I affix ture in presence of two witnesses.

' PAUL DEUSS-ING; lVitnesses: BERNHARD R. REISER,

SIeMUNn Lewmmm,

Meissner clay with Whiting, and quartzdust, in adding water to said in removing the driedmass,

Cal

my signa-