US1506374A - Stabilizer - Google Patents

Description

J. C. LUNCQLN STABILIZER Aug@ 26 V 192%.

Filed Allg. 29 1919 2 Mees-Sham l J. C. {..HNCQLN STABILIZER Aug. Z6 1924. 1,506,374

Filed Aug. 29. 1919 2 shun-shut z .www

Patented ug. 26, 1924.

UNITED STATESv .PATENT OFFICE.

JoiIN o. LINCOLN, or CLEVELAND, OHIO, AssIeNoR To 'ran cI'rIznNs SAVINGS AND 'raps'r COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, omo, A CORPORATION. or OHIO.

. srABILIznn.

Application illed August29, 1919. Serial No. 320,655.

To all whomA 'it may concern: y

Be it known that I, JOHN C. LINCOLN, a citizen of the United States, 'resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State ofOhio, have invented new and useful Im- .provements inStabilizers, of which the following is a speciication, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

My invention relates to stabilizers and particularly to apparatus of this character utilized as arc controllers in arc welding machines. The electrical principles underlying my invention, and forming the basis for the use of a paratus of this character, include the wellown law that in all cases of electro-magnetic. induction, the induced currents have such a direction that their reaction tends to stop the force which produces them. Particularly, my invention comprehends a design of stabilizer by which, because voi'. the new relative arrangement of the parts, better results are',l produced than with any other apparatus of this character with which I am acquainted.

The annexed drawings and the following descri tion set forth in detail certain means embo ying my invention, the disclosed means, however, constituting but one of the p various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be employed.

In said annexed drawings:

Figure 1 re resents a plan View of my new` and improve arrangement;

Figure 2 represents a side elevation;

Figure 3 represents a fragmentary vertical longitudinal section, taken in the plane indicated by the line III-III, Figure 1;

Figure 4 represents an end elevation, taken from the plane indicated by the line IV--IV, Figure 3;

Figure 5 represents a vertical transverse section taken in the plane indicated by the line'V-V, Figure 3; and

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic representation of the arrangement, including conventional representations of the generator, the weldingpencil, and the parts to be welded.

tilizing the well-known law statedl above, I have then relatively arranged the elements entering into the make-up of my apparatus, so thaty the design is more compact, cheaper, and acts more quickly than other apparatus of this character. In general, this result is efected by providing an assembly in which the return magnetic circuit is an open one, the lines of force col- ,lapsing more quickly in such a design.

with certain resistance for the purpose of.

cutting down the current, may be out into the circuit in series for light duty, as hereinafter fully described. Other improvements in my mechanical arrangement and the purposes and results thereof will fully appear 1n detail from the accompanying drawings and the following description.

Referring tO the annexed drawings, and particularly to Figure 6 thereof, a circuit for, direct current of low Voltage and high amperage from the generator 2 is indicated by the ordinal l, into which `circuit in improved stabilizer isintroduced throng the medium of the binding posts 3 and 4. A pencil for arc welding is indicated by the ordinal 5 and the parts to be welded, plates for instance, are indicated by the ordinal 6. Suitable resistance 7 is connected into this circuit l for the' pur e of acting as a ballast for the arc. improved stabilizer which is connected into this circuit comprises two coils 8 and 9 adapted by the switch 10 to be connected into the circuit either in parallel or in series, suitable resistance 1l being also connected into the circuit or the purpose of cutting down the current when the coils 8 and 9 are connected in series for light duty. The general purose of this stabilizer is, of course, to help in the control of the arc by reducin to a great extent dependence upon the a ility, dexterity and experience of the Welder. The stabilizer permits variations in the length of the arc and particularly enables the use of a short arc without the are breaking off. Not only does the apparatus tend to prevent the ultimate blowing out of the arc,- but all the variations in the main current, less than such a maximum variation as would result in the blowing out of the arc, are compen- Vso one. layer of bare copper wire.

sated for by the influence of the ux of the stabilizer. These variations are caused by diiferent agencies, such as for instance, rapid changes in resistance occasioned by the exy plosions of hydrogen occluded in the welding area. The range of the apparatus, within which its compensation featurevis edsctive, is determined, of course, b the number of lines of force, the number o turns in the coils, and the frequency. This result is ob-V tained by a specific Working of the general well known law above stated, because, when the current in circuit 1 drops,'the voltage generated in the coils 8 and 9, due to the change in the ux in the reactance 12, tends to keep the main current flowing in the same direction; and when the main current rises, the voltage generated in the coils, due to the change in the flux in the reactance, tends to keep the main current down. Now, I have designed my stabilizer .so that the lines of force are broken down very quickly. I accomplish this by providing a non-magnetic return circuit or an open return magnetic circuit, Specifically, a return magnetic circuit through the air. To this end, I have provided a straight laminated paramagnetic core 12, separated from the coil 9 by the insulation sections 14, the coils 8 and 9 bein contained one within the other and separated by the insulation sections 13.- These separated insulation sections 13 and 14 permit thorough cooling. As plainly shown in Figure 5, each of the coils 8 and 9 consists of nated core 12 is supported by means of rods 15 and two lateral stiii'ening plates 2O welded to said rods. These holding rods 15 cons tit-ute partof the core 12, as plainly shown in Figure 5, and are secured at their respective ends in end lates 16 which are further strengthened and) spaced by corner' rods 17. `The end plates 16 are substantially greater in area than the cross section of the core 12,

resulting in decreasing the reluctance of the magnetic lines in escaping into the air. Although not desiring to limit myself in any particular with regard to the comparative areas of the plate' 16 and the cross section of the core l2, for purposes of illustration, Iv

Wish to point out that the Stabilizer shown in the accompanying drawings, upon a reduced scale, is equipped with plates 16 about 7 inches square or 49 square inches and with a core 12 whose cross section is about 9 square inches. The connections 3 and 4 between the stabilizer and the main circuit, and the switch 10 and resistance `11 for controlling the circuit as to heavy and light duty, are mounted upon the upper pair of said rods 17 by means of an le iron :trames 18. A base plate 19 for sai circuit 'connections and said switch is mounted upon one end of said angle irons 18. The resist- The lamiance 11 is mounted upon the other end ot said angles 18.

The arrangement described provides an apparatus of this character which is very cheaply produced, an assembly which is very compact, as plainly shown in Figures 1 and 2, and one in which the reactions, due to changes in the main current, take place very quickly.

What I claim is;

l. In are welding apparatus, a circuit; a pair of coils forming parts of said circuit; a common core for said coils; each coil being made of one layer of bare copper wire, the said coils being insulated one from the other and from the core; means for connecting the coils in series or in parallel; and two plates materially greater in area than the cross-Section of the core and bolted respectively to the ends of the latter, whereby the reluctance of the magnetic lines in escaping into the air is decreased. i

2. In arc welding apparatus, a circuit; a pair of coils forming arts of said circuit; a common core for saidp coils; two platesy materially greater in'area than the cross-section of the core and bolted respectively to the ends of the latter, whereby the reluctance of the magnetic lines in escaping into the air is decreased; and means for cutting said coils into said circuit either in series or in parallel.

3. In are welding apparatus, a circuit; a pair of coils forming parts of said circuit; a common core for said coils, each coil being made of one layer ci' bare copper wire, the

`said-coils being insulated from one another and from the core; means for connecting the coils in series or in parallel; two plates materially greater in areal than the cross-section of the core; and bolts forming part of the core and securing said plates to the respective ends thereof.

4. In arc welding apparatus, a circuit; a pair of coils forming parts of said circuit; a common core for said coils; means for cutting said coils into said circuit in series or in parallel; two plates materiallyv greater in area than thev cross-section ot the core; and bolts forming part of the core and securing said plates to the respective ends thereof.

5. In arc welding apparatus, a circuit; a pair of coils forming parts of said circuit; a common substantially straight core for said coils; two plates materially reater in area than the cross-section of tie core; bolts forming a part of the core and securing said plates to the respective ends thereof; a Switch 'for cutting said coils into said cirA .cuit either in series or in parallel; and a re-

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