US1503569A - Heating system for mammoth incubators - Google Patents

Description

` Aug. 5.,'1925.

l H. L. WATSON- HEATING SYSTEM FOR Mmgo'rx rincusnons Filed Feb l l l l l l l l Wl TNESS TTOFNEYS Au'g". 5, 1924. Y' 1,5o3g569 H. L. WATSON HEATING SYSTEM Fon muauo'ra ucfsanon;

med Feb. 20, ,.1922 Smm-snm z IN VEN TOI? Patented Aug. 5, 1924.

essere Para AFinca.

HAROLD It WATSON. OE NEW BRUNSWICK, NEWJERSEY.

HEATING svs'fraivi roaiuAnMorH rNcU'BAToRs.

n' Application filled AFebruary 20, 1922. Serial No. 537,679.

To all whom t may comme?. Y

Be; itrknown that I, HAROLD L. WATSON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Highland Park, New Brunswick, county of Middlesex, 4State of New Jersey, have 'inf vented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating Systems for Mammoth Incubators, of which the following is a specification, reference beinghadf t`o the accompanying drawings. A i

My invention is more especially adaptable to that class of incubators generally known as mammoth incubators which embody a pluralityofv egg containing sections orv compartments arranged in superposed tiers one above the other. Incubators Iof this class generally embody' lheat radiating means extending through 'the several lcompartments in each tier and connected with a suitable water heating unit through the medium of which warm water is supplied thereto to heat the compartments. It is requisite vforthe successful operation of such an incubator, that the different compartments be maintained duringmost of the hatching period kat substantially luniform temperatures, and i Y the incubator at substantially the same tem- Y perature as those in the upper tiers. A further object'of the invention is to so arrange the heating unit and the circulating piping extending therefrom to the incubator that the heated water will pass from the unit to the several tiers in the incubator at different temperatures commensurate with the requirements of each particular tier,y

thereby enabling the compartments in all of thetiers to be maintained at *a substantially uniform degree of heat. xA still further Vobject of my invention is to provide a heating unitof novel'form and construction particularly adapted for use in connection with heating systems for incubators and embodying means whereby the piping may be 'readily led therefrom iii euch liriaiiiier that the heated water will be supplied to dierent parts of the incubator at varying temperatures in accordance with the respec- Vtive location thereof or supplied to a given v,point at a suitable temperature.

My invention further includes all of the other various objects and novel features of construction,` and arrangement hereinafter more particularly specified and described.'

In the accompanying drawing Fig.Y 1 is a sideelevation partially in fragmentaryven tical section of a preferred embodiment of the-heating'unit;vFig. 2V is a centralrvertical section thereof on the line 2--2 in Fig. 1

Alooking in the direction of the arrows, and

Fig. 3 is a transverse horizontal section thereof on line 3--3in Fig. l looking in the direction of the arrows, while in Fig. 4C I have illustrated a preferred manner of arranging the heating unit and piping in connection with a mammoth incubator having three tiers of compartments, only a portion of the incubatoritself being shown. Like numerals are used to indicate. similar parts in' the several figures. y

I 'have found that when employing a heater of ordinary desigii'in connection with ra mammoth incubator comprising a plurality of superposed tiers, the compartments vof the lowerinost tier havev a tendency to become too coldand those of the uppermost -tier ,to become Y"too, hot when the heating 'wateriissupplied at a temperature to keep the center tier, assuming thveincubator to embody three tiers,v at substantially the desired temperature. This difficulty probably arises from the fact that the lower tiers give oif' a certainamount of heat which rises and, impinging on the upper tier, tends to raise the temperature of the latter, and, additionally, as incubators of this class are .ordinary placed in rooms oi' cellars having relatively low ceilings, the upper tier is therefore generally located in a Warmer atmosphere than the lower so that when the heating water isi supplied tothe several tiers at the same temperature thereis a consider- Y able dierence between the temperature of the 4compartments in the lowertier and those in the upper.

I therefore prefer, inthe carrying out of my "invention, to employ a heater of the form best shown in Figs.V l to 3,' and which embodies means for permitting the heating waterto be suppliedV from vthe same-heating unit ifo-'the several tiere a@ iiferelit tema ico" peratures. To this end my preferred form of heater comprises a preferably substantially circular base 1 having an ash door 2y carrying a draught regulating plate 3. Superimposed upon the base is the body 5 which is substantially circular in horizontal section and closed at the top. This body comprises inner and outer spaced walls-7 and 8 connected at their lower' extremities, the space 9 between the walls forming a water heating reservoir and the space 10 within the wall 8 forming the combustion chamber of the heater. Within the upper portion ofthe base and beneath the combust'ion chamber are a plurality of suitable grate bars 12 preferably provided with inte-rin-eshing gear wheels 13 whereby the bars be simultaneously agitated by partially rotating .the center bar through the medium of a suitable crank in the ordinary manner. A port 15 which forms a smoke flue is provided adjacent the upper rear side of the combustion chamber and an elbow klpreferably of lighter metal than the walls of the body is secured, as by bolts 17, in such position as to registerwith the port and provide a convenient point of attachment for the smoke pipe 18 through which the products off-,combustion are discharged, a fuel door 1 9 provided with a .draught regulating plate 2.0 being arranged adjacent the upper part of the heater on the ffront side thereof and communicatingwith a port extending through the reservoir and through which fuel may be supplied to the upper part of the combustion chamber.

To afford a point of convenient attachment for certain of the pipes of the water circulating system, the outer wall 7 of the body of the heater is preferably formed at one side of the heater with a vertically extending boss or extension having a flat face v26 as best shown in Fig, 3 which is provided with a plurality lof vertically spaced, preferably pipe-threaded apertures 28, the uppermost of which is preferably near the top of the heater and the lowermost adjacent the bottom of the reservoir. Conveniently these apertures ymay be laterally staggered as shown in Fig. 1 or, if desired, may be arranged inthe same vertical line, and I preferably arrange the two lowerrnost apertures 28 in the same horizontal plane lt will be understood that apertures 28, 28 entend entirely through the wall of the heater so that the water contained in Ythe reservoir 9 may freely flow into any pipes threaded in the apertures.

For attaining certain of the objects of my invention, a heater of the character just described may preferably be installed and connected with a mammoth incubator having a plurality, for example, three, tiersrof compartments 'in the manner best shown in Fig. e and which will now be described. It

taining a plurality of compartments and eX- tending through. each of which are radiating pipes P, P, the heater being preferably placed adjacent one end of the incubator, and a pipe 34 extended from the uppermost of the apertures 28 to connect with the pipe P of the rlower-most tier 31, the pipeP, through which the heating liquid returns after passing through the several compartments, being connected with one .of the *oper- -ings 28 through a return pipe 35. Similarly ,vthe pipe P of the intermediatetier 32 of the incubator is connected by a pipe 3a with one of the'apertures ,'28 about midway be tween the top and bottom of theheater and .the return pipe P of that tier connected by a pipe with another aperture 28 adjacent the base of the water reservoir, while the pipe P of the uppermost tier 33 is connected by pipe 3 with an aperture in the face 26 relatively near the bottom thereof and the pipe P of the upper tier through return pipe Y35r `with an -aperture 28 adjacent the bottom of a reservoir, this latter aperture for convenience merely being shown at the back of the heater instead of adjacent the apertures 28.

As incubators are frequently built with more than three tiers of compartments, I preferably provide the face 26 with several more apertures than those required to effect the connections just described, so that if a greater number of tiers are used .these additional apertures may be employed for the necessary piping. Of course if they are not utilized these additional apertures will be closedwith suitable plugs 38 as shown.

It will thus be observed that in the preferred lform of installation the heating water as indicated by the arrows flows to the lowermost tier of compartments from a `point adjacent the upper part of the water reservoir where the water is naturally the hottest and having given up its heat is returned to a point adjacent the bottom of the reservoir; Ythat the water flows to the intermediate tier from a point about midway between the points where the rwater is hottest and coldest within the reservoir and is. thus supplied to that tier at a little lower temperature than to the bottom tier, and that in a lilre manner the water supplied to the uppermost tier is taken from. a point in the reservoir where it is of still lower tempera* ture, the returns from all of the tiers being to the lower or coldest part of the reservoir. Under 'these conditions a substantially uniform Vtemperature may be readily maintained in the several tiers, since the hottest water is supplied to the tier normally the coldest and the coldest water to the tier which is normally the hottest, so that a very even and 4uniform temperature may be maintained in the diiierent compartments in the several tiers, thus obvia-ting constant opening or closing of the dampers or other heat controlling devices with which incubators of this class are ordinarily supplied and also resulting in a material saving of fuel over that consumed in the ordinary heating sysn tem in which it is necessary to maintain the water sufficiently hot to supply the requisite heat to the lowermost tier and to permit heat to escape from the upper tier to avoid overheating.

It has been found in practice that in order to satisfactorily maintain a ire for considerable periods of time in a water heater of the type ordinarily utilized for sup-plying hot water to incubatore and the like, it is necessary to avoid undue restriction of the size of the lire pot, or, in other words, 1t 1s requisite to have the fire pot of sutiicient size to contain a relatively considerable body of burning' fuel, which of course results in the giving off of a considerable amount of heat, with corresponding rise in temperature in the water in the heating reservoir, even with the ire reduced to the minimum at which it will remain alight. In consequence, when the water is conducted from the upper part of the water reservoir to a small incubator, such as one of the single deck type, the temperature of the incubator is raised beyond the desired point, it being practically impossible o-n account of the size of the fire pot to supply the watereat a sufficiently reduced temperature to produce the proper heating effect. An advantage of my improvedform of heater, however, resides in the fact that under suoli conditions the water may be readily led to the incubator from a point adjacent the lower part lof the heating chamber instead of from the upper part thereof and thus introduced to the incubator at a lower temperature than is ordinarilypossible with the forms of coal heaters hitherto in use, thus avoiding overhea-ting of the incubator and assisting in maintaining a constant predetermined temperature therein.

While I have shown and described my invention in connection with a mammoth incubator having three tiers of hatching compartments it will be understood that it is equally applicable to incubatore having a greater or lesser number of tiers, the piping in each case being so arranged that the water will be caused to flow from substantially the point in the heating reservoir `where' it is hottest to that tie-r of compart` ments which is normally the Vcoolest and from a point in the heating reservoir where it is relatively cooler to that tier of compartments which is normally the warmest and to intermediate `compartments from points in the waterreservoir between these two eX- tremes, the return from all of the tiers being preferably brought to the same, on substantially the same, level adjacent the lowest point of the heating jacket, and I therefore do not desire yor intend to limit myself to the installation of the invention in connec- -tion with an incubator of any particular form or design or having any specic number of tiers or compartments or of compartments in a tier. Furthermore, while I have described with considerable particularity a preferred form of heater it will be understood that changes may be made in the details of construction and arrangement of the parts thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States: v

l. A heating system for a mammoth incu bator having a plurality of tiers of hatching compartments each tier having heat radiating means, comprising a heating unit for supplying hot water and piping eXtending from the unit to the radiating Vmeans in each tier, said piping being so arranged as tovconvey the hottest water from the heating unit to the tier which is normally the coolest and relatively cooler water to the tier which is normally the hottest.

2. A heating system for a mammoth incubator having superposed tiers of hatching compartments each tier having independent heat radiating means therein, comprising a heating unit for supplying hot water and piping extending from said unit to each of said radiating means, said piping being so arranged as to convey the heating water from a point in said unit where it is normally the hottest to the radiating means in that tier which is normally .the coolest and to convey relatively cooler water from'said unit to the radiating means in that tier which is normally t-he warmest.

3. A heating system for a mammoth incubator having superposed tiers of hatching compartments, comprising a heater for supi plying heated water and piping extending from said heater to each tier of compartments and arranged so as to convey water` jacket to the radiating means 'of 'the lowermost tier, a pipe extending rom'a relatively lower point in said jacket to the radiatinscg means in the uppermost of said tiers and return pipes extending from each of said radiating means to a point adjacent the bot tom of said jacket.

5. The combination 'with a mammoth incubator having superposed tiers of hatching` compartments and heat radiating means in each tier, of a water heater having a water jacket surrounding a combustion chamber, a pipe extending from the upper 'part of said jacket to the radiating means in that tier of 'compartments which is normally th coolest, a pipe extending from a relatively lower point in said jacket to the radiating means in that tier of compartments which is normally the warmest and return pipes extending from each of said means to a point adjacent the bottom of said jacket, whereby the hottest water will flow from said jacket through said rst vmentioned pipe and relatively cooler water through said second mentioned pipe.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my 'hand this 16th day of February, 1922.

HAROLD L. VATSON.

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