US1503565A

US1503565A - Lock

Info

Publication number: US1503565A
Application number: US633633A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edward R Vives
Original assignee: VESDAL CREATIONS Inc
Current assignee: VESDAL CREATIONS Inc
Priority date: 1923-04-21
Filing date: 1923-04-21
Publication date: 1924-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 1941-08-05

Description

Aug.` 5 1924,. 1,503,565 Y E. R. VIVES t Lock 'Filed Av1-11 21. 1923 2 suyas-sheer 1 @L El all@ a #Commit Aug.- 5 1924.

1,503,565 E. R. VIVES LOCK Filed Avril 21. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 e {kunnen} Patented Aug. 5, 1924..

UNITE@ srAres tenses PATENT orsica.

EDWARD R. VIVES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 VSDAL CREATIONS, INC., OF i NEW YORK,.N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEVI YOBK LOCK.

Application led'Aprl 21, 1923. Serial No. 633,633.

To all who/rit may concer/IL.'

Be it known that I, EDWARD R. VIVE-s', Aa subject of the King of Spain, and a resident of New York, in the county ofjNew York aiid'itate of New York, have invented certain new and useful improvements ,in Locks, of which the lfollowing is a specication. Y

This invention relates to locks and particularly to combination locks of the multiple-key type.

The object of my present invention is to produce a lock of the above type in which the combination can bey casi-ly and quickly changed, in which the number of possible combinations is practically unlimited, and in which the parts are comparatively few and easyl to manufacture. vA. further ob ject of this invention is to produce a lock which has provisions for adjustment to doors of different thicknesses. Other objects andl advantages of the invention will become apparent hereinafter. c

yReferring to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one practical physical embOdimento-f the invention:v

Figure l is an inside elevation of a door provided with a lock constructed in accordance with my invention.V

Figure 21s a horizontal sectional 'View through the lock, showing a vsuitable latch j adapted to cooperate therewith. 1

Figui-.e 3 is a vertical section through t-he lock and latch.

Figure @cis a Vvertical Ysectional view ofV the key operated `bolt controlling mechanism, taken on the line M of Figure 2. j

Figure 5 is a view similar toFigure showing a key inserted.

Figure 6 is a face view of the key-hole` plate.

Figure 7 is a side vie-w of one of the com sectional view of cover plate ll is secured flush with the inner vsecuring the pla-te may pass.

face of the door over the casing, the cover plate extending beyond the casing to form anges through which the Vfastening devices A bolt l2 is mounted in the casing and is adapted to be projected and retracted through a slot therein, Aas usual. Secured to yor formed with theV body of ibolt lO is an open rectangular extension l?)` which has a sliding lit with ythe upper and4 lower walls of .the casing. VThe end of this extension is spaced from theV rear wall ofthe casing, and suitable sp-rings 14 are. interposed between the casing and bolt extension tending to project .the bolt. Any suitable means may be employed for retracting the bolt after the correct combination has been made by in-v sertion ofthe proper key. The drawings illustrate for thisl purpose a cainarin l5 bearing against the inner side of the bolt extension and secured to a transverseshaftl i6 which projects on the outer side of the cover plate il andWeXte-nds through a slot formed in casing 10 and a slot inthe door registering therewith. T he outer portion of,

member 17 is slightly enlarged to form; shoulders lSawhich engage casing l0. The member V17 has machined therein a number of parallel 'bores A19 of equal diameter all .Any desired number of bores may be einployed,.in so far asthe scope of my invention is concerned. The drawings illustrate live such bores, which number will probably be sulicient for all practical pur` poses. Five holes are formed inthe cover plate 1l. These holes, which are designated b-y the reference numeral 20, have the same diameter-as that ofthe bores 19 and are locatedV in registration therewith. Secured against the inside of cover rplate 1l is a rectangular memberQ/l, which has substantiah ly the same dimensions as member 17, and is secured in alignment therewith. Memlber 21 has five cylindrical sockets22 of the same diameter as that of bores 19 and hole-s 20 and located coaxially with said bores and holes. ln each ofthe bores there is a combination plug 23, which may be of the Cil form illustrated by Figures 7 and 8. As shown, these plugs are cylindrical and have Va number of parallel longitudinal grooves Each of these small plugs have Ya threaded pin projecting from one end and a threaded hole tapped into its other end. The threaded pin is adapted to screw into a hole tapped into the end of grooved plug 23 or into a hole of another small plug. Thus the grooved plugs may be extended by fastening on to the outer ends thereof one or more of these small plugs. In Fig. 2 the plugs 23 are shown extended by one small plug. In the case of a thicker door, two or more plugs might be found necessary to extend to the outer side of the door, and where the door is thin enough to bring the outer end of a grooved plug 23 flush with the outer face of the door, no auxiliary plugs will be necessary. In each of the sockets 22 there is a coil spring 27 which bears against the inner end of the plug and normally holds it against the inner face of the key hole plate 28. Thev key-hole plate is provided with five apertures for insertion of the key prongs, these apertures being located coaxially with bores 19 and sockets 22.

ln the embodiment of the invention illustrated, each plug 23 has nine grooves and nine diainetrical holes. These diametrical holes each open at one end centrally of a groove, opening at the other end partly in one groove and partly in the adjacent groove. This is shown in Fig. 8, wherein the diametrical hole opens at one end 29 centrally of a groove and at its other end 30 partly in two grooves. The diametricai holes are arranged spirally around the plug, as illustrated by Fig. 7.

Formed in member 17 are live transverse apertures or holes 31, which are located in the same vertical plane and which intersect the centers of bores 19. Projecting from the rear face of bolt 12 are five vpins 32 which are located in alignment with the holes 31 and project thereinto. Gbviously the bolt cannot be retracted unless the conibination plugs 23 are in such positions that.,

in each of said plugs, diaiiietrical holey thereof is in alignment with its associated pin 32. Then, and then only, can the pins 32 pass through the plugs and the bolt be retracted.

The combination of the lock depends upon the positions of the diametrical holes in the grooved plugs relatively to the pins 32 and, therefore, on the distances these plugs have to be pushed in by the key prongs in order to bring the dian'ietrical holes therein in alignment with the pins.

Projecting inwardly from the periphery of each of the holes 2O in cover plate 1l there is a tooth 33 located in the horizontal plane passinO through its associated gin 32, this tooth being adapted to fit in the grooves 24e of the plug and thus lock the latter against rotational movement while perinitting it to be reciproeated longitudinally. Hence the tooth engaging in a groove of the plug holds the plug in a lined rotational position with the associated pin 32 pointing to the center of the groove engaged by the tooth. Since each groove has only one diainetrical hole opening centrally thereof, it is clear that for a given rotational position of the plug there is only one longitudinal position thereof where the vassociated pin can pass therethrough, viz, that position where the hole which opens centrally in that groove which tooth 33 engages is in alignment with the pin. lf the plug is brought to a longitudinal position wherein the-associated pin is opposite holes which open only partly in the groove, the pin cannot pass. ln order that for a given rotational position of the plug there may not be more than one longitudinal position where the associated pin can pass, the number of grooves in the plug should be odd, for a plug having an even number of grooves would have the diametrical holes thereof opening centrally of two diainetrically opposite grooves, and therefore for each plug there would be two longitudinal positions thereof, for yeach of its nine rotational positions, in which the associated pin couldA pass.

The combination of the lock, as heretofore stated, depends upon the positions of theV diametrical holes in the combination plugs relatively to the pins 32. rlherefore, in order to change the combination, it is only necessary to rotate one plug through an angle of one groove, rthus bringing the next groove opposite the associated pin. This would change the combination, since the diametrieal hole of said next groove is located at a different position with respect to said pin, requiring the plug to be moved longitudinally a different distance in order to bring the hole in alignment with the pin. Since there are live plugs and nine rotational positions of each plug, it will be readily appreciated thatl the number of possible combinations is ver;r great.

In order to permit the plugs to be set in. different rotational positions in the bores without necessitating the disassembling of the lock, each plug has formed adjacent its outer Yend the annular groove, 25, previously referred to. Hence when the member 2l has been removed, the plugs may be ro- .tated to new positions by withdrawing them inwardly until the grooves 25 are opposite the teeth 83, whereuponthey may berotated selected grooves.

to any desired positions and then pushed into the bores with the teeth 3S engaging the The memberV `21 .is se.- cured by headed cyilndrical nuts 34, which are screwed on the projecting ends of threaded bolts attached to the key hole plate 28 vand projecting through the` casing 10,

ll and through holes in end yflanges 3G formed on member 2l. The. member 2l, therefore, is removed simply by miscrewilig the nuts 34.

Latch mechanism operable from inside the door is provided to coact with the bolt mechanism above described. The latch illustrated is mounted in a casing 37 which is secured in a recess in the jambfof the door. VIt consists of a body portion 38 slid- .able vertically in casing 27 and formed with upwardly projecting bolt engaging members 39 and e0. A. coil spring 4l, bearing at one end against the bottom of casing 37 and at its other end against the top of a recess :formed in the underside; of body 28,. yieldingly holds the latch in its upper or normal position. The upwardY movement' of the latch is limited by a horizontal plate formed integrally with the face plate of casing 27 and engagingthe latch between the membersA 39 and .40. The outer\face of mem-.-

ber 40l has a cam formation so that the latch will Abe cammed downwardly by bolt 10 whenthe door is shut. kThe door can be opened from the inside by manipulating a knurled head having a Vshank attached to member 40 l' and projecting through a vertical slotrin casing 37k. The door can thus be opened from the inside by any one,.ibut can only be opened from the outside byk a key corresponding to the particular combination for which the klock is set.y o

`Now havingV particularly described one embodiment of my inventionwithout, how- Hever, intending to limit the scope of theoinvention to the specific structure disclosed,

`what I kclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1s;

lock, thecombination with the bolt, of controlling mechanism therefor comprising a plurality of plugs mounted to reciprocate longitudinally in paths transverse to said bolt, said bolt having `a plurality of pins projecting in lines which intersect said plugs, each of said plugs having a plurality of holes adapted to bebrought into alignment with'said pins, said holes being longitudinallyV and -circumferentially spaced along-said plugmeans for fiX-ingeach of 'Y said plugs -in a plurality of rotational positions to bring .any selected hole thereof into cooperation with its associated pin, and springs holding said plugs in normal longitudinal positions.

2. In a lock, the combination with the bolt, ofk controlling mechanism therefor comprising a vplurality of plugs mounted to reciprocate longitudinally in paths transverse to saidbolt, said bolt having a plurality of pins projecting in lines which inter- Vsaid bolt having'a'plurality of pins projecting in lines which intersect the longitudinal axes of said plugs, each of said plugs having a plurality of holesv passing diametrically therethrough and adapted tof be brought into alignment with said pins, said holes being arranged spirallyaround said` plug, means for fixing said plugs in a pluselected hole thereof into coo-peration with` its associated pin, said plugs being biased to assume aV definite normal position, and ay key having a plurality of prongs adapted to move said .plugs longitudinally to bring the holes thereof intoalignment with said pins to permit retraction of the bolt.

Vrality of rotational positions to bring any ico,

4. InV -aV lock, the ,combination with the bolt, ,of controlling mechanism therefor comprising a plurality of plugs mounted to reciprocate in paths transverse to said bolt, said bolt having aplurality of pins projecting in lines whiclrintersect the longitudinal axes of said plugs, each of said plugs having an odd number of parallel longitud- Ydinal grooves and having diametrical holes adapted to be brought into alignment with VYsaid pins, each of said holes opening at one end centrallyV in a groove rand at its other end partly in adjacent groves, each groove having only one hole opening centrally therein' andr said grooves being arranged spirally around said plug, means for fixing said plugs in a number of rotational positions corresponding to the' number of grooves therein` to bring any selected hole thereof Vinto cooperation with the associated pin,

said plugs being biased to assume a definite normal position, and a key having a plurality of prongs adapted tol move said plugs longitudinally to bring the `holes thereof into alignment with said pins to permit retraction of the bolt.

5 KA lock comprising a flat rectangular casing having a front plate provided With an opening, a bolt reciprocably mounted in said casing projecting through said openinO, said bolt having an open rectangular extension in said casing, a spring between the end of said extension and the end ivall ot said casing tending to project said bolt, a flat rectangular block extending through said casing at right angles to said bolt and embraced by said rectangular extension, said block projecting on the outer side or' said casing and extending flush against the inner Wall ot' the inner side ot' said casing, said `block having a plurality of parallel bores extending completely therethrough and Said inner plate of the casing having a plurality of holes registering with said bores, a bloc-k removably secured to the outside of said inner plate having a plurality or' sockets registering with said holes, a key hole plate secured against the outer end of said irst mentioned block having a plurality of holes communicating With said bores, a plug in each bore having anA oddr number of peripheral parallel longitudinal grooves, said plug having a corresponding number of diametrical holes, there being one and only one hole opening centrally in each groove and said holes being longitudinally spaced along said plug, springs in said sockets normally holding said plugs against said key-hole plate, said block having transverse apertures intersecting the centers ot said bores, a plurality ot' pins lixed. to said bolt and vprojecting in alignment with said apertures, means tor fixing said plugs in a plurality or' rotational 1positions to bring selec-ted holes thereof into cooperation With said pins, a key having a plurality ot pins adapted to be inserted through said key-hole plate to move Said plugs.

6. A lock comprising a flat rectangular casing having a front plate provided. With an opening, a bolt reciprocably mounted in said casing projecting through said opening, a flat rectangular block extending through said casing at right angles to said bolt, said block projecting on the outer side of said casing and extending flush againsttlie inner Wall or' the inner side of said casing, said block having plurality of parallel bores extending completely therethrough and said inner plate ot the casing having a plurality ofi holes registering with said bores, a block removably secured to the outside ot said inner plate having a plurality ol sockets registering with said holes, a key hole plate secured against the outer end et said lirst mentioned block having a plurality ot holes communicating with said bores, a plug in each bore having a plurality of diametrical holes circumferentially and longitudinally spaced, springs in said sockets normally holding said plugs against said key-hole plate, said block having transverse apertures intersecting the centers ot' said bores, a plurality of pins iixed to said bolt and projecting in alignment vvith said apertures, means for fixing said plugs in a plurality of rotational positions to bring selected holes thereof parallel to said apertures, and a key having a plurality ot pins adapted to'be inserted through said key-hole plate to move said plugs.

7. A lock comprising a casing provided with an opening, a bolt reciprocably mounted in said casing projecting through said opening, a block extending through said casing at right angles to said, bolt, said block projecting on the outer side of said casing kand extending flush against the inner Wall of the inner side of said casing, said block having a plurality of parallel bores exte .ding completely therethrough and said inner plate of the casing having a plurality ot holes registering With said bores, a block removably secured to the outside of said inner plate havinga plurality of sockets f registering with said holes, a key hole plate secured against the outer end of said first mentioned 'block having a plurality of holes communicating Withsaid bores, a plug in each bore having a plurality of diametrical holes ci cuinlerentially and longitudinally spaced, springs in, said sockets holding said plugs against said key-hole plate, said block having transverse apertures intersecting the centers of said bores, a plurality of pins .tixed to said bolt and projecting in alignnient with said apertures, means for fixing said plugs in a plurality of rotational positions to bring selected holes thereof parallel to said apertures, and a key having a plurality of pins adapted to be inserted through said key-hole plate to move said plugs.

8. A lock comprising a casing provided with an opening, a bolt reciprocably mounted in said casing projecting through said opening, a block extending through said casing transverse to said bolt, said block projecting onthe outer side of said casing and extending i'iush against the inner Wall of the inner side of said casing, said block having a plurality of parallel holes extending completely therethrough and the inner plate of A the casing having a plurality of apertures? registering With said holes, a plug in each of said holes comprising a main portion having a plurality ot diametrical holes cirkcumferentially and longitudinally spaced and a relatively short detachable portion, a key-hole plate adapted to be secured against the outer face of the closure. to which the lock is applied having a plurality of holes adapted to communicate with the holes in said block, a second block having a plurality of sockets registering With the apertures in said inner plate, springs in said sockets holding said plugs against said key-hole plate, said first mentioned block having transverse apertures intersecting the axes of the holes therein, la plurality of pins fixed to said bolt With an opening, a bolt reciprocably mounted in said casing projecting through'said open` ing, a block extending into said casing transverse to said bolt, said block projecting on the outer side of said casing and having a plurality of parallel holes transverse to said casing, a plug in each of said holes comprising a main portion having a plurality of diametrical holes circumferentially and longitudinally spaced and a relatively short detachable portion, a key-hole plate adapted to be secured against the outer face of the closure to Which the lock is applied having a plurality of holes communicating with the holes in said block, resilient means for holding said plugs against. said key-hole plate, said block having transverse apertures intersecting the holes therein, a plurality of pins fixed to `said bolt and projecting in alignment With said apertures, means for fixing said plugs in a plurality of rotational positions to bring selected holes thereof parallel to said apertures, and a key having a plurality of pins adapted to be inserted through said key-hole plate to move said lu s. p l A lock comprising a casing provided .vith an opening, a bolt reciprocably ymounted in said casing projecting through said open- Y ing, a block extending into said casing transverse to said bolt, said block projecting on the outer side of said casing and having a plurality lof parallel holes extending translversely to said casing, a plug in each of said holes having a plurality of diametrical holes circumferentially and longitudinally spaced,

a key hole plate adapted to be securedy against the outer face of the closure tok Which the lock is applied having a plurality of holes communicating the holes of said block, resilient means for holding said plugs against said key hole plate, said'block having transverse apertures intersecting the holes therein, a plurality of pins fixed to said bolt and projecting in alignment with said apertures, means for fixing said plugs in a plurality of rotational positions to bring selected holes thereof parallel to said apertures, and a key having a plurality of pins adapted to be inserted through said keyhole plate, to move said plugs.

11. A lock comprising a casing provided with an opening, a bolt reciprocably mounted in said casing projecting through said opening, a block extending into said casing transverse to said bolt, said block projecting on the outer side of said casing and havinga plurality of parallel holes extending transversely to said casing, a plug in Veach of said holes having a plurality of dia- 'inetrical holes circumferentially and longitudinally spaced, a key-liole plate adapted to be secured against the outer face ofthe closure to which the lock is applied having a plurality of holes communicating with the holes of said' block, said plugs being biased to rest normally against said key hole plate, said block'having transverse apertures intersecting the holes therein, a plurality of pinsfixed to said bolt projecting in alignment with said apertures, means for fixing said plugs ina plurality of rotational positions to bring selected holes thereof parallel to said apertures, and a key having a plurality of pins adapted to be inserted through l said key-hole plate to move saidV plugs.

l2. A lock comprising a casing provided with an'opening, a bolt reciprocably mounted in Vsaid casing projecting through said opening, a block extending into said casing transverse to said bolt, said block projecting on the outer side of said casing and having a plurality ofk holes extending transversely to said bolt, a plug in each of said holes having a' plurality of transverse holes circumferentially and longitudinally spaced, a key hole plate adapted to be secured against the outer face of the closure to which the lock is applied having a plurality of holes communicating with the holes of said bloclnsaid plugs being biased to rest normally against said key-hole plate, said block having transverse apertures intersectving the holes therein, a plurality of pins prising a plurality of elongated members mounted to reciprocate longitudinally in paths transverse to said bolt, saidbolt having a plurality of pins projecting in lines Which intersect said members, each of said members 'being constructed to permit the passage of its associated pin only in certain longitudinal and rotational or angular positions thereof, and means for fixing each of said members in a plurality of angular positions, said members being biased to assume definite normal longitudinal positions.

EDWARD n. vivas.