US1503090A - Electromagnet - Google Patents

Description

July 29 1924.

E. R. CARICHOFF ELECTROMAGNET Filed Feb. 27.

Invent-,0 r- I Eugen R. Car-iohoff by 7 4 4 M1 His Attor-ney.

Patented July 29, 1 924.

PATENT our 1,502 can ICE.

seem a. cnsrcnorr, or scnnnscmnr, may your, issmnonro swam anaemic comm, a coaronarron or new 'romt Emcmoarnom. Application m iebruary :7, 1m. ler ial at. 1,004.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE B. Common, a citizen of the United Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electromagnets, of which the following is a specification.

: My invention relates to improvements in o ratin electronic ate for electric switc as am? the'like. ne of the objects of my invention is to provide an improved electromagnet, which shall be simple, rugged acand effective, and which can tured cheaply. 1

Gther objects of my invejr :ion will be. apparent'from an understanding of the inven tion.

For an understanding of my invention, reference is bad to the acoom anying drawing wherein Fig. 1 is'a si ciectroma etic switch embod ing my improved e ectromagnet with t e switch in the closed position; Fig. 2 is a' plan viewof the same; Fig. his a view, similar to be mean 1 with the switch in open position;

F 1g. 4 isa perspective view of the electroma net armature; and Fig. 5 is a top view of ig. 2 drawn 'to'a smaller scale of the electromagnetic operating means for the switch-with certain parts removed for the salts of cleamess.

Referring to the drawings, the switch mechanism is mounted on a suitable base 10 of insulating material. The operating winding 11 of the electromagnet is supported within a substantially'U-shaped frame 12 of magnetic material by means of a bolt 11 which secures the core of the electromagnet to the end of the frame in a midposition. The frame is stamped out of a strip of fiat metal and then bent into the shape of a U with the ends of the U bent inward to provide means for securing the frame to the support. If desired, of course, the frame may be bent metal of standard section and the ends of the U secured directly to the support witlr out being bent inward as shown. The ends ofthe U-shaped frame 12 are secured to the base 10 by means of bolts 12*, only one of which can be. seen.

The armature i3 is made of a stamping of a fist strip of metal having magnetic properties. After the armature is stamped States, residing at through the hole 20 in 0 view -of an .frame with the up from a strip. of

.wear on the 'upper periphery on the pm. The armature out of theflat strip of metal, the arms14 and 15 are bent to the position shown so as to form: a U-sha armature. The projection 16 is also looked up'to the 'osition shown so as to form a support for t e movable switch contact member 17. Before the armature is bent into the shape shown, holes 18 and l9 are punched out to provide means for ivotall supporting the armature, and the ole 20 1s punched out to rovide means whereby the switch contact fii iger -17 is secured to the armature. The contact finger 17-is given a wipin action with the stationmy contact 21. wii

means comprising the pin 22 which passes the armature and a corresponding hole in the contact finger, and a spring 23 whichbiases the contact toward the lpromotion 16.' The armature 13 is pivota y su portedwithin the frame 12, em.- brabmg t e winding 11, by meansof a pin 24 who passes through the holes 18- and 19 in the projections on the legs of the armsture and correspondin holes near the upper edges of the ends of 51s legs of the frame. The armature telescopes or nests within the legs 14 and 15 of the armature disposed opposite] to the legs of the frame in planes paralle to the planes of the: legs of the frame with suitable clearances provided between the frame and the armature. The clearances provided are maintained by means of spacers or washers (not shown). The armature is mounted withinthe'frame' so as to be biased by gravity to the position shown in Fig. 3, at which the legs 14 and 15 are out of ali cut with the axisof the magnet 11 an the parallel sides-of frame 12, since thepivoted support is at the back of the armature and the switch cantherefore be tilted to a ver great angle beforethe switch contacts wi 1 close by gravity. This feature is of great im ortance in switches for use on switch-boar for example; The armature moves away from the supporting base to make engagement with the core of the operating electroma et instead of the usual construction in w ich the armature when attracted moves toward the supporting base. It will also be observed that the. pivoted su port is at such a place. that substantial y none, of the' magnetic flux v passes through the supportand that the pivot pin 24 all comes on the en the switch closes by has no vertical movement with respect to its pivotal su port when the switch is closed or opened. Vhen thearmature is in its biased osition the legs Hand are out of the pat 1 of least reluctance for the magnetic flux set up by the winding. The part 25 connecting the two legs of the,U is adapted to come into substantial engagement with the one pole piece 26 of the 'electromagnet when the magnet winding is energized and the armature is in the attractedposition, as shown in Fig. 1 When the armature-is in its attracted position, a path of least reluc-. tance'for the flux set up by the winding is found through the U-shaped armature, the filter part of the legs of-the U-sha pfd e, and the 1 end of the frame. e broad cooperating surfaces between the armature andthe frame on-both sides of the electromagnet afford paths of low reluctance for the assage of the magnetic lines across the gap tween the armature and the frame; In order to remove the winding 11 it is necessary tomerely unscrew the bolt 11 which secures the winding andthe core there for to the magnet frame 12. The windin and its core can then be droppedout o sition and .a new winding can be readily substituted if desired.

. Means are provided for interrupting the .are formed between the switch contacts 17 and 21. This means comprises a magnetic blowout winding 27, having 'one terminal connected to the stationary contact 21'and. the other terminal connected to the terminal post 28. The other terminal post 29 of the switchis connected to the wiping contact 17 b means of a flexible conductor 30. Meta '0 plates 31 and 32 which serve as pole pieces for the windin are clamped to the ends of the windin y means of a bolt-27', and a block of insiilatm refractorv material '33, having a chute it through which the are stream passes, is removably held between the pole piecesby the clamping'acti'oriof the-bolt. The bolt is screwed into the one end of the core for the winding 27, so as to clamp the pole piece 32 to the core and the po e piece. 31 is riveted so to. the other end of the core. A pin and 1 slot connection between the plates and the arc chute is provided so asto positively hold the chute in proper ition. Thus an elongated in or projection 85 is formed on'the and o the arc chute and this projeetion cooperates with a .slot of similar shape in the pole pie'ce. A'similar pin and slot connection is provided on the other end of the arcchute. ,When it is desired to remove the arc cliute to replace the chute or to. inspect the contacts, the bolt 27 is backed off slightly andthe chute is then freely removable. In a divisional applicattion, Ser. No. 481,422, filled June 29, 1921, I have'claimed, specifically this improved magnetic blowout. A kicked up portion 36 on the armature 13 is provided as a stop for the armature, and-the position of the armature with respect to the winding and the frame 12 may be adjusted by means of T0 the bolt 37 I .What I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is z- "j.-

1. An electromagnet comprising a magnet' '-z winding, and a ma netic structure therefor v' including two similarly shaped telescoping.- members, one of which is movable into a out of a osition of alignment with reference to the ot er under the control of the mag net winding. 2 1 2. An electromagnet comprising a magnet winding, and a magnetic structure therefor including two substantially U-shaped telescopi members enclosing the winding, one of which is movable withreference to, the other under the control of the magnet .windmg.

3. An electromagnet comprising a magnet winding, and a magnetic structure therefor including two nesting members movable into' and out of alignment with each other under the control of .the magnet winding. 4

4. Anelectromagnet comprising a magnet winding, and a magnetic structure therefor including two relatively movable cooperating members one of which is ivotally mounted within and nests with t e other member. Y f

5.' An electromagnet comprising-a magnet winding, and a magnetic structure therefor including two substantially U-shaped co operating members, one of which nests with the other. 1

6. An electromagnet comprising a magnet winding, and a magnetic structure therefor including two substantially- U-shaped relatively movable cooperating members, one of which is pivotally supported in .the legs of the other U-shaped member and nests with said other member. 11 7.'An electromagnet com rising a sub stantially U-shaped frame oi magnetic material, a substantially U-sha ed armature of magnetic material pivota ly supported within the frame with the legs of the armature nesting with the legs of the frame, and an operating magnet winding positioned within said frame. w

8. The combination in an electromagnet, of a substantially U-shaped frame of mag,- netic materialto which one endof the of the electromagnet issecuredbetween legs of theframe and a substantially 13 shaped armature, the said armature pivotal ly'mounted within the said frame with the legs of the' frame andthe legs of the armature nesting and oppositely disposed to each other.

9'. The combination in an electromagnet, of'a substantially U-shaped metallic frame ,1,oos,ooo 3 to which one end of the core of the'elec tromagnet is secured between the. le of {the frame, and an armature having a motel support-in each 1 ,'of the frame an movable toward. the-o her end of thecore of I the electromagnet.

10. The combination in an electromagnet' of a magnet fpame to which one'end of the I .cor'e ofthe electromagnet-is secured, a support: for dead-frame to'which the frame is secured with the axis of the electromag-' to which one en of the core of the electro magnet is secured between the'legs of the frame, a su port for theelectroma et to which the ame is secured with t eaxis of the electromagnet at right-angles to. the support, and an armature pivotally mounted in the;frame and movable in the span? be tween the said support and the other and.

of the core of the electromagnet.

12. Thecombination in an electromagnet of a magnet frame-to which one end of the core of the electromagnet is secured, a support for the said frame to which the frame is secured with the axis of the electromagnet disposed at an angle to the support, and

ment with the axis of-the magnet, whereby a pivotally mounted armature in the space between the support and the other end'of the core of the electromagnet, the ivotal sup rt for the armature being disposed wit respect to the frame so that the armature is biased away from the said other end posed along the axis of the magnet core and out of alignment therewith so as to be movable in response to the energization of the magnettoward a' position at which its legs are in substantial alignment with the axis of the core with the part of the said armature connecting the leg: in close proximity to one ole of the electromagnet; .16.' -The combination in an electroma'gnct of a support of magnetiematerial for the eleotromagnet having legs embracing the 'electromagnet, and a pivoted vsubstantially U-shaped armature, adapted to embrace the electromagneiythe le posed lanes para el to the lanes of the egs o outof substantial alignment with'the legs of the support.

.17. The coinbinatio'n in an, electromagnet of a pivoted U-sha I armature of magneticvmaterial with ugs on the legs of the e support and mom is into and,

of the armature dis U twyrovide supporting means therefor,.a

circuit making contact carried 'by said armature, the said armature mounted so as to embrace-the of the electromagnet, biased to a position at which said oontact is in one position and movable about its pivotal support upon the energization of the winding into a position at which the flux set up byjthe winding has a path of least reluctance through the legs of the armat Y e contact is moved to another position; r I '18. The combination in an electromagnet of a frame of magnetic material having flat parallel portions, a winding for the electromagnet supported within the'frame' with the axis of the winding disposed midway beof the electromagnet by gravity and the arfitween the flat parallel portions of the frame,

mature is movable about its pivot away of the electromagnet.

13. The combination in'an ele'ctrornagnet, of a pivoted substantially U-shaped arma ture adapted to embrace the electromagnet with the legs of the armature disposed along the axis of the magnet and biased to a position at which the legs are out of alignupon the energization ofthe electromagnet the armature is operated toward a position at which its legs are in substantial alignment with the axis of the electromagnet.

14. The combination in an electromagnet of a magnet winding and a pivoted su bstan 'tially U-shape armature adaptedto emhracethe winding, the legs of the armature disposed along the axis of. the magnet so as to be movable into and out of a position at which the reluctance of the magnetic flux set'up by the winding is the least.

15. The combination in an electromagnet, of-a pivoted -substantially U-shaped armature adapted to embrace the winding of the electromagnet, the legs of the immature disa pivoted substantially U -shape'd armature from the support toward the said other end supported within the frame and a switch contact carried thereby, the said armature having flat legs disposed parallel with the flat portions of the jrame and biased to a position at which the legs of the armature are out ,of aiignment with the flat portions of tigframe, whereby upon the encrgization of said winding the armature is moved toward a position atwhich the legs of the armature and the flat portions of the supporting frame are in substantial alignment.

19. The combination in an electromagnet of a frame made up of a flat strip of magnetic material bent into U-shape, means for securing one end of the electromagnet to.

the frame so that the axis of the electromagnet is disposed midway between the legs ofzthe U-shaped frame, an armature made upof a fiat strip of magnetic material bent into U-shape with lugs-on the back of the U to provide supporting means therefor, and means .for pivotallysupporting the armature within the frame with the legs of the armature and the frame nesting'and oppositely disposed to each other, the location .of the pivotal SIIiPEOIt being snch that the armature isbiase y gravity to a position at which the legs of the armatu're are out of substantial alignment with the legs magnet, whereby upon energizetion of the winding of the electroma et the armature v 1 moved toward a position -at which the A p t 'of the armature connecting the legs of ofthe frame and the axis of the electro-' A EUGENE R. GARICHOEF; i

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