US1502121A - Hydraulic hoist - Google Patents

Description

C. DE L. RCE- HYDRAULIC HOIST Filed Feb. 15. 1923 2 Sheets-5heet 1 Patented July 22, 1924.

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HYDRAULIC HoIsT.

Application led February 15, 1923. Serial No. 619,245.

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, CHARLES I). RICE, a citizen of the United States, residing at West Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hydraulic Hoists, of which the following is a specification. Y

This inventionv relates to those hydraulic hoists which are more particularly ladapted to be placed on ships for transferring freight from ship to dock or lighter o-r from lighter or dock to ship, and which are so designed that a relatively short movement of the hydraulic plunger gives a long travel to the package carrying hook.

In prior apparatus of this character where the cable passes back and forth around a plurality of pulleys mounted relatively on the lifting plunger and on a fixed part of the apparatus so` that the movement of the plunger is multiplied at the hook end of the cable, in order to keep the cable taut on the pulleys and cause the hook to lower properly when idle, it has been necessary to add a very heavy weight to the hook end of the cable and such weight makes it difcult and laborious for the freight handlers to carry the hook around and engageit with and disengage it from the packages of merchandise.

rIhe objectief the present'invention is to provide an apparatus of this nature with means for feeding the cable outward when the plunger is lowered, and -arrange such means so that it is idle and performs no work or offers no resistance when the plunger is raised for lifting the hook, whereby the employment of al heavy weight at the hook end of the cable is obviated and the manipulation of the hook is made easy.

rThisY object is attained in the apparatus illustrated by arranging mechanism which is actuated by the up and down movement of the plunger in such manner that it will be engaged with the cable beyond the operating pulleys and feed the cable outward when the`V controlling valve is released and the plunger descends, and be disengaged from the cable when the controlling valve admits pressure to the cylinder and the plunger rises.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 shows a side elevation of a hoist constructed according to this invention, with the cable omitted. Fig. 2 shows a front elevation of the hoist. .Fig 3 isa top view. V'F.ig. t is a transverse section on" the plane indicated by the dotted line 1 4 on Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a side view of the upper end of the control valve rod, its support and the valve operating lever. Fig. 6 is a section of one of the frame beams, showing the clamp for holding the fixed end of the' cable, on plane indicated by the dotted lined-6 on Fig. 2. Fig. 7 shows, on larger scale, a side elevation of the mechanism that is actuated yby the movement of the plunger for feeding the cable outward. Fig. 8 is a section on the plane indicated'bythe dotted line 8 8 on Fig. 7, looking down. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the contro-l valve. Fig. 10 is a horizontal section of the valve on the plane indicated by the dotted line 10-10 on Fig. 9, looking up. Fig. 11 is a section of the valve on the plane of the dotted line 11-11 on Fig. 9, looking in'fthe direction indicated by the arrows. Fig. 12 isfa section of the valve on the planeindicated by the dotted line 12-'12 on Fig. 10. Fig. 13,is a section of the cable pulleys: carried on the upper end of the plunger. Fig. 14f`is a section of the lower end of the cylinder.

The frame of the apparatus illustrated comprises two T-beams 15 which are ar'- ranged vertical and parallel, with their lower ends fastened to a lowerl deck 16 of the vessel and their' upper ends extending up through the upper deck 17 the necessary dis-- tance to provide a track of suitable length for guiding the upper end of the hydraulic plunger 18. The plunger is capable of Ymovement up and down in the cylinder 19 that has outwardly extending forked wings 20 which embrace and are fastened tol the frame beams so as to support the cylinder vertically between the beams.

F astened to the lower lhead of the cylinder is a yoke 21 carrying, in the form shown, four pulleys 22, 23, 24 and'25, and fastened to the upper end of the plunger is ayoke 26 carrying four pulleys 27, 28, 29 and V30, Fig. 2. The number of stationary pulleys attached tothe cylinder andthe number of travelling pulleys carried by the plunger may of course be varied according to desire. The pulleys may be mounted on anti-friction bearings 300 arranged on a tubular axle suitably packed so they can all be lubricated from a common source. The plunger yoke has outwardly extending forked wings 31 which embrace the webs of the T-beams and guide the upper end ofthe plunger in its travel up and down. VBlocks 32 preferably of water-proofed wood are desirably inserted in the opening in the wings yand iitted to the beam webs so as to provide eilicient bearing surfaces between the fixed beams and the movable plunger yoke, Figs. 2, 7.

Mounted on one of the frame beams near the lower end of the cylinder is a drum 33 attached to which is a ratchet wheel 3st-, Figs. 2, 4l. The aXle 35 of the drum Ihas squared end for the application of a crank and a lpawl 36 is mounted on the bracket 37 that supports the drum, in position to be engaged with the ratchet wh-eel and prevent the drum from rotating backward. Attached to the same frame beam near the upper end of the cylinder is a clamp 38, Figs. Q, 6, which comprises two plates that are adapted to be forced tog-ether by the screw and nut 39 for gripping the lined end of the lifting cable. Mounted on a bracket fastened to the frame beam on the other side of the cylinder near the `lower end is an idler pulley l0 and above this is an idler pulley ll, Figs. l, 2.

Connected to the yoke which is mounted on the upper end of the plunger is the upper end of a rack bar 42. This rack bar is movable up and down in a trough-shaped guide that is connected by brackets 44tto the frame beam. Engaging with this rack is a pinion e5 mounted on an arbor i6 that is supported by a bracket 47 attached to the frame beam. A roll 48 mounted on a bracket 49 holds the rack in proper mesh with the pinion, Figs. 7 8. Fastened to the outer end of the arbor 46 is a wheel 50 the peripheral surface of which is desirably covered with leather. As the plunger travels up and down the rack moves with it, and by engagement with the pinion rotates this wheel in one direc-tion as the plunger goes up and in the opposite direction as the plunger goes down. Pivotally mounted on a bracket 51 fastened to the frame beam near the top of the cylinder is an arm which carries a wheel 53 that also desirablv has its peripheral surface covered with leather. This small wheel 53 is located opposite the large wheel and the .space between them is in line with the outer periphery of the idler pulley il, Fig. 8. F astened to the swinging arm is a spring plate 54 the lower end of which is connected by a link 55 with an angle lever 56 which is mount-ed on a bracket 57 fastened to the side beam. Hinged to the angle lever is a rod 58, the outer end of which is normally drawn up by a spring 59, Fig. 7. The spring tends to lift the rod and turn the angle lever in such direction that the spring plate swings the arm in and causes the small wheel to press against the large wheel, or the cable which passes between them.

The upper end Vof the valve rod 60 is con nected above the upper deck with an angle lever 6l that is pivoted on a bracket 62 fastened to the frame beam, and that has a handle 63 by means vof which the lever may be rocked for raising or lowering the valve rod, Figs. l, 5. Mounted on the valve rod is a roller 64:0, Figs. 7, 8, which extends over the rod 58 that is drawn up by the spring 59 and that tends to hold the little wheel in contact with the large wheel. When the valve rod is depressed by means of the operating handle this roll engages and pushes down the rod 53 and swings the angle lever 56 in such manner as to carry the little wheel away from the large wheel. Clamped on the valve rod near the upper end oft thc cylinder is an arbor carrying a roll (S-it and clamped on the valve rod below the lower end of lthe cylinder `is an arbor carrying a roll 65. Extending from the rack bar near the lower end is a pin 66 which when the rack is near the lower limit of its travel engages the lower roll V55 mounted on the valve rod so as to move the valve rod down, and which when the rack bar is near the upper limit of its travel engagesthe upper roll 6e in such manner as to lift the valve rod. The clamps are adjustable on the valve rod so that the time of engage-ment of the pin with these rolls maybe varied for altering the time of the shifting of the valve rod. The upper end of the valve rod passes loosely through a housing 67 and a cap 53 which lits on the housing to close the openinff therethrough without obstructing the lateral movement of the valve rod, Fig. 5. The lower end of the valve rod is connected with the valve lever 39, 9, l0, which is fastened to the arbor 70 that has an arm 7l within the valve casing 72, which arm carries the valve The valve has a recess 74.- in its seating face, and it is adapter. te be swung across the ports 75, 73, Fig. as the valve rod is moved up and down. rlhe power supply pipe 77 from the source of power, communicates with the valve chamber 7 3 'back of the valve. A pipe 79 connects the port with the lower end oit' the cylinder below the plunger, and a discharge pipe 80 leads from the port 7G to any suitable point. When the valve is at one limit the port 75 is open and power is admitted from the pipe 77 to the cylinder through the pipe 7 9. When the valve is at the other limit the port 75 is cut off from the power but open-ed to the port 7S, and then the power beneath the plunger er1- hausts through the pipe 79, valve recess and port 76 to the discharge pipe 80. ln Fig. 1l the valve is shown in neutral position. Above the upper deck mounted on a pedestal 81 is a pulley 32 with its inner periphery in line with the opening between the large wheel and small wheel en ree the side of the frame, and depending from this pedestal is a tube 84 in which is fittedV through the clamp 38 which is tightened s0 as to firmly grip the cable and relieve the drum from strain. From the clamp the cable passes over the pulley 27 on the plunger,

Y down Varound the pulley 22 at the lower end of the cylinder, up around the pulley 28 on the plunger, down around the pulley 23 on t-he cylinder, up and around the pulley 29 Von the plunger, down around the pulley 24 on the cylinder, up around the pulley 30 on the plunger, and down around Vthe pulley 25 on the cylinder. It is then carried up on the inside of the lower idler pulley 40 and around the outside of the upper idler pulley 41 and between 4the largeY and small wheels and through the guide tube 83 and over the guide pulley 82 above deck. From there it is led by the usual means to the commonly used boom. With the particular design illustrated the travel of the plunger multiplies the travel of the work or hook end of the cable eight times so that if the plunger has a travel of nine feet the hook end of the cable will be carried seventy-two feet.

Then the handle is turned by an operator so as to lift the valve rod and open the valve the fluid under pressure, which may be oil, is allowed to enter the cylinder and lift the lunfre'r the exhaust at this time beino" p b 7 D closed. 'Ihe downward movement ofv the valve rod for this purpose through the mechanism described moves the small wheel away from the large wheel on the side of theframe so that as the large wheel is rotated it performs no work, that is, the cable is not gripped between thesel wheels when the plunger vis raised and the hook end of the cable is being drawn up. When the operator moves the handle in the opposite direction the valve is turned so as to shut oif the pressure and open the exhaust, and then the uid escaping from beneath the plunger allows the plunger to lower and the hook end of the cable to pay out. As the valve rod is moved in this direction for this purpose the roll carried by the valve rod is lifted from the rod which is connected with the swinging arm that carries the small wheel, and allows the spring to draw the rod so that the small wheel will move in and cause the cable to be gripped between the wheels. `With the parts in this relation as the large vwheel is rotated by the downward movement of the rack, the cable fbeyond the operating pulleys is fed up just as fast as the descending plunger slacks the cable, so that be used with the cable is kept tight on the pulleys and the hook end of the cable is free to drop without the addition of a weight. When theV valve is turned for again admitting pressure and the plunger is moved upward, the movement of the valve rod causes the little wheel to be carried away from the large wheel and releases the cable. In other words when the plunger descends and the cable is paid out the large and small wheels co-operate to keep the cable taut and feed out the free end, but when the plunger is lifted for raising the free end of the cable this auxiliary feed mechanism is released from the cable. Should the cable take-up mechanism fail to 'properly function, owing to wear or other cause, the cable is retained on the lower pulleys by bars 200 held by arms 201 fastened to the lower yoke, Figs. 2, 4.

The operator, of course, can shift the valve at any point of the travel of the 'plunger for stopping or changing its move- However, should the operator not operate the valve the stop pin on the rack ment.

will engage the wheels that are mounted on the valve rod, near the limits of movement of the rack and move the valve rod so as to turn the valve into neutral position and stop the movement of the plunger.

In the preferred construction the cylinder is of cast iron bored from end to end and the plunger is tubular and slightly less in diameter than the bore of the cylinder. A

flexible packing 180 held in placeby a ring Y 181 closes the joint between the plunger 'and the upper end of the cylinder. end of the plunger is closed by a plug 182 to which the upper pulley yoke is fastened, Fig. 2. At the lower end the plunger has a head 183 which is fitted to the cylinder, Fig. 14. The plug at the top and head at the bottom of the plunger are held together by a rod 184. In the periphery of the head are spiral grooves 185 which permit the passage of oil or other pressure lubricant up into Vthe cylinder about the plunger. With this construction the plunger is guided at rIhe upper the lower end by the head and at the upper Y end by the wings 31 that'extend from the upper yoke to the upright T-beains so that the plunger can be readily centralized and for causing the approach of the traveling pulleys. A

2. A hydraulic hoist having' sets of cooperating pulleys 'for paying out and drawing up cable, a hoisting cable passing around said pulleys, means for causing the pulleys to approach and recede with relation to each other,` and rotatable auxiliary means adapted to grip said hoisting cable between them for paying out cable, operated in conjunction with the relative movements of the pulleys.

3. A hydraulic hoist having co-operating stationary and traveling pulleys for paying out and drawing up a hoisting cable, a movable plunger carrying the traveling pulleys, and auxiliary means actuated by the movements of the plunger adapted to grip and pay out the hoisting cable when the traveling pulleys are moved toward the stationary pulleys. I

1l. A hydraulic hoist having co-.operating stationary and traveling pulleys 'or paying out and drawing up hoisting cable, and auxiliary means adapted to engage and grip a hoisting cable between them and lie-ep the cable taut on the pulleys when thetraveling pulleys are moved toward the stationary pulleys.'

5. A hydraulic hoist having co-operating stationary and traveling pulleys tor paying' out and drawing up cable, a hoisting cable passing around said pulleys, and auxiliary pulleys on the work side or' the operating pull ys adapted to grip the hoisting cable between them and pay out said cable when the traveling pulleys are moved toward the stationary pulleys.

(3. A hydraulic hoist having a plurality of stationary pulleys and a plurality ot traveling pulleys movable toward and 'from each other for paying out and drawing up cable, a hoisting cable passing around said pulleys, and auxiliary pulleys on the work side oit the sets or co-operating work pulleys adapted to grip between them and pay out said cable when the traveling pulleys move toward the stationary pulleys.

7. A hydraulic hoist having a cylinder, plunger movable into and out of the cylinder, stationary cable pulleys, cable pulleys movable with the plunger, a hoisting cable passing around said pulleys, and auxiliary means operatively controlled by the movements of the plunger for paying out cable when the movable pulleys approach the stationary pulleys.

8a A hydraulic hoist having cylinder, a plunger movable into and out of the cylinder, a yolre supporting a plurality of cable pulleys attached to the cylinder, a yolre supporting a plurality .of cable pulley-s mounted on the plunger, a cable passing around said pulleys and auxiliary means for paying out cable when said plunger pulleys approach said cylinder pulley-s.

9. A hydraulic hoist'having a cylinder, a plunger movable into and out of the cylinder, stationary cable pulleys, cable pulleys movable with the plunger, auxiliary pulleys and mechanism operably connected with the plunger for rotating the auxiliary pulleys and causing them to pay out cable when the movable pulleys approach the stationary pulleys.

l0. A hydraulic hoist having a cylinder, a plunger movable into and out of the cylinder, stationary cable pulleys, cable pulleys movable with the plunger, auxiliary pulleys, and a rack movable with the plunger for rotating the auxiliary pulleys and cansing them to pay out cable when the movable pulleys approach the stationary pulleys.

11. A hydraulic hoist having a cylinder, a plunger movable into and out of the cyling der, cable pulleys attached to the cylinder, cable pulleys mounted on the plunger, and auxiliary means operated by the movements of the plunger to pay out cable when the pulleys on the plunger approach the pulleys connected with the cylinder.

12. A. hydraulic hoist having a. cylinder, a plunger movable into and out of the cylinder, cable pulleys attached to the cylinder` cable pulleys mounted on the plunger, auxiliary pulleys adapted to pay out cable when the pulleys on the plunger approach the pulleys connected with the cylinder, a valve and connections for admitting pressure to and exhausting pressure from the cylinder, means for operating the valve, connections between the plunger and auxiliary pulleys for rotating the auxiliary pulleys, and connections between the valve operating means and the auxiliary pulleys for rendering them operative and inoperative according to the condition of the valve.

13. A hydraulic hoist having a cylinder, a plunger movable into and out of the cylinder, a valve for admitting pressure to and exhausting pressure from the cylinder, means for actuating the valve, stationary and traveling cable pulleys for paying out and drawing up cable, auxiliary pulleys adapted to grip and pay out cable when the main pulleys operate to pay out cable, and means for controlling the operation of the auxiliary pulleys actuated. from the plunger and valve actuating means.

14. A hydraulic hoist having a cylinder, plunger movable into and out of the cyliir der, stationary and traveling cable pulleys for paying out and .drawing up cable, and auxiliary pulleys operated by the movements of the plunger and adapted to grip and pay out cable when ,the main pulleys operate to pay out cable.

l5. A hydraulic hoist having a cylinder, a plunger movable into and out of the cylin der, fa valve and valve actuating means :tor controlling pressure in the cylinder, stationary cable pulleys, pulleys mounted on llfi the plunger, and auxiliary pulleys actuated by the movements of the plunger and controlled by the valve operating means for gripping the cable When the plunger carries its pulleys toward the stationary pulleys.

16. A hydraulic hoist having a cylinder, a plunger movable into and out of the cylinder, a valve and valve actuating means for controlling pressure in the cylinder, stationary cable pulleys, pulleys mounted on the plunger, auxiliary pulleys, a rack connected with the plunger for causing the rotation of the auxiliary pulleys, means on said rack adapted to shift the valve actuating means, and means connected with the valve actuating means for causing the auxiliary pulleys to move into and out of operative position.

17. A hydraulic hoist having a cylinder, a plunger movable into and out of the cylinder, a valve for admitting pressure into and exhausting pressure from the cylinder be neath the plunger, stationary cable pulleys, cable pulleys movable with the plunger, auxiliary pulleys, means connected With the valve actuating means for causing the auxiliary pulleys to move toward and from each other, and means connected With the plunger for causing the rotation of one of the auxiliary pulleys.

18. A hydraulic hoist having a cylinder, a plunger movable into and out of the cylinder, a valve and valve actuating means for admitting pressure into and exhausting pressure from the cylinder, stationary cable pulleys, cable pulleys movable With the plunger, auxiliary pulleys, and means operatively connected With the valve actuating means and With the plunger for causing the auxiliary pulleys to move into and out of Working relation. i

19. A hydraulic hoist having a cylinder, a plunger movable into and out of the cylinder, a valve and valve actuating mechanism for admitting pressure into and exhausting pressure from the cylinder, a plurality of stationary cable pulleys, a plurality of cable pulleys mounted on the plunger, auxiliary pulleys adapted to grip the cable on the Work side of the main pulleys, means connected With the valve actuating means for causing the auxiliary pulleys to move into and out of operative relation, means connected with the plunger for causing the rotation of one of the auxiliary pulleys, and a drum for Winding the cable and clamp for gripping the cable on the fixed end side of the main pulleys.

CHARLES DEv LOS RICE.

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