US1501950A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Jul 22 1924. 1,501,950

w. s. HUMPHREY OIL BURNER Filed June 11, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 605 Line 1,501,950 w. s. HVUMPHREY I OIL BURNER Jul 22 1924.

Filed June 11, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 11v VENTOR A Tram/5 y Patented July 22, 1924.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed June 11, 1923. Serial No. 644,618.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER S. HUM- PHREY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson 6 and 'State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled 10 in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to oil burners and the primary object thereof is to provide an improved oil burner so constructed that the oil will be subjected to the action of an incandescent part of the burner as it is fed from the vaporizing chamber, thereby insuring a complete gasifying of the oil with marked efficiency over those types of burners in which the oil is ignited before it is generated into a relatively dry gas.

In carrying out my invention I fprovide a base for the burner consisting o a material having a high heat resistance so that the base may be heated to practically incandescence, radiating intense rays of heat through the vapor dischargefrom the generating chamber prior to having ,the gas ignited.

It is an important feature of the invention that the base be of such material that it will heat up to incandescence since it has been found that the oil vapors burn with marked efliciency in an incadescentzone and it is also important that provision be made for eliminating or at least reducing the liability of carbon forming in the passages or in the vaporizing chamber because where there is an accumulation of carbon, the efiiciency of the burner is materially reduced.

In order to provide for more perfect combustion I have provided a mixing chamber in which the heated or vaporized hydrocarbon is introduced into the mixing chamber and combined with air so that the fuel thus provided can be fed against the incandescent zone of the burner. The mixing chamberv is in the form of a nozzle, having an expansion zone so that the vaporized fuel may expand as it comes into contact with the air to effect a thorough cormingling of the two constituents of the fuel. The fuel is fed against the incandescent zone in the form of a blast so that perfect combustion will take place and the vaporizing chamber is arranged to surround the incandescent zone or to be 1n sufficiently close proximity thereto so that there will be a thorough vaporization of the hydrocarbon content" of the fuel before it 1s mixed with the air.

There are other novel features of my invention, all of which will be specifically described herein-after, reference bein had to the accompanying drawings, in w ich Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a burner ponstructed in accordance with my invenion.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged, sectional view through the burner mixing chamber and sugply nozzle and the incandescent part, an

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal view of the air supply pipe, the gas priming nozzle being shown in elevation.

Referring now to the drawings by numerals of reference:

1 designates a furnace which may be of any preferred construction. The furnace is shown as being provided with a burner base 2, the burner base being in the form of a metallic ring having a groove 3 with refractory material in it. he ring carries a central refractory member 4 having a metal oil pan 5 surroundedby a plurality of air inlet openings 6, the inlet openings being arranged in circular series. The pan 5 has an overflow port 7 in the side of the central air inlet pipe 7 connected to a pipe 8' which 91 discharges into a bucket or receptacle 9 to operate a valve 10 in the main oil supply line 11.

The receptacle 9 functions in a manner similar to that shown in my application Serial No. 635,099, filed April 27, 1923 so that when'the oil overflows to fill the bucket 9, the supply will be cut off in the plpe 11.

The oil pipe passes through the burner members: and discharges into a hollow ring or manifold 12, which surrounds a coneshaped block 13 of refractory material supported from the leg. 4: ofrefractory material carried by the member 4 so that the pipe will be heat insulated from the flame of the burner. The leg 4: co-operates with the leg 4" to support'the retort. The ring-shaped manifold 12 has an 1nverted U-shaped outlet pipe or arch provided w th two legs 16 and17 which discharge through a nozzle 18 into a spherical expansion head pump 22 driven by a suitable motor 22'.

The pipe 21 is made up of a plurality of sections with overlapping or slip joints so that the pipe sections can be readily assembled. The pipe 21 has a damper or valve 23 therein, b means of which the effective port area the pipe 21 may be controlled. There is a gas priming p1pe 2i adapted to discharge into the pipe 21 (see Fig. 3), the pipe 24 being adapted to be con-, trolled by a valve 25 so that it can be normally closed, the valve 25 being unseated only to prime the burner.

When the parts are assembled and the air pump or impeller 22 is operating, air may be forced through the pipe 21 into the head 19 to mix with the vaporized h drocarbon. The spherical form of the hea or mixing chamber 19 is important since it allows for a thorough co-mingling and mixing of the hydrocarbon and air and since it is of suificient size to allow expansion of the air and fuel within it, thorough mixing will be insured. The form of the head is such that liability of carbon being deposited therein will be eliminated.

By providing the head of spherical form, a construction is provided which insures a uniform flow of the combustible mixture in the desired direction; that is, toward the refractory cone, thereby resulting in combustion taking place in the center of the incandescent zone which prevents the burning of the vaporizing ring or retort because there will be no liability of the flame being deflected over the retort.

In actual practice I preferto locate the nozzle 18 in the top of the head 19 so as to protect it from heat and to so locate it that its discharge end will be cooled by the introduced air fed from the pipe 21. The effect of this is that liability of carbon forming in the nozzlev 18 will be eliminated.

Since the vapor pressure through the nozzle 18 is in excess of the air pressure when the pump is idle, it will be apparent that if, for any reason, the pump fails to function, the gas will siphon the air through the pipe, thereby permitting the burner to operate successfully with the additional air supplied through the openings 6 and with the air which passes throu h the material in the space or groove 3. he material which fills the groove 3 allows air to pass through it because it is coarse enough to allow the passage of air. The purpose of placing the materlal 1n the space or groove 3 is to provide a mufier so that there will be no lianeonate bility of a roaring noise due to the passage of air such as is coon in certain types of burners.

As a refinement of my invention ll prefer to construct the retort and the arch of copper because copper does not have an afinity for carbon. The copper gives ofi microscopic scales which are thrown ed by the walls of the retort and the wall of the arch, permitting the scale and the liberated carbon to e thrown out through the burner head through the gas nozzle 18. llf the gas nozzle is made of brass, there will be less tendency to scale because the brass is a harder material and since it may be provided with a smooth wall, the carbon and scales may pass throuh the constricted outlet or aperture 18', to size of jwhich should preferably be about one-eighth inch diameter.

The pipe 11 is provided with a valve 26, controlled by an arm 27 which may be connected to the damper 23 so that the air admitted through pipe 21 can be proportioned with respect to the passage of oil fed through pipe 11.

lit will be apparent from the foregoing that the device is simple in construction, that it may be readily set up and that a thorough co-mingling of the fuel constituents will be provided before the fuel is fed onto the incandescent zone and since the fuel comes in contact with the indescent zone 13, it will be apparent that a thorough combustion can take place.

What ll claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is:

1. In an oil burner, a base comprising a ring-shaped member filled with loose material to admit air through the member, an oil pan within the ring, a centrally located refractory member above the pan, a" support for said member, a ring-shaped retort above the base and about the refractory member, a hollow arch communicat with the retort, and a spherical mixing chamber communicating with the hollow arch and having a nozzle in line with the refractory member.

2. In an oil burner, a spherical air and vapor mixing chamber having a depending nozzle, a hydrocarbon vapor generating retort, a hollow arch are. with the retort, .the middle portion of the arch extending over the mixing chamber, a nozzle afiording communication between the middle portion of the arch and the spherical air and vapor mixing chamber, the second nozzle'having a restricted opening within the spherical air and vapor mixing chamber and located at the top thereof in line with the dependi nozzle. 1

3. In an oil burner, a base, a ring-shaped retort above the base, a refractory member within the ring, a support for the refractill llltl MED tory member, a hollow arch communicating with the retort, a spherical chamber above the member having a nozzle in line therewith, means for feeding air to the spherical chamber, and means affording communication between the hollow arch and the spherical chamber.

10 about the conical member, an oil supply pipe communicating with the retort, a hollow arch communicating with the retort, an air and vapor mixing chamber having a nozzle in line with the conical member, means for admitting air to the chamber, and means affording communication between the chamber and the arch.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

WVALTER S. HUMPHREY.

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