US1501207A - Manufacture of cellulose derivatives - Google Patents
Manufacture of cellulose derivatives Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1501207A US1501207A US500159A US50015921A US1501207A US 1501207 A US1501207 A US 1501207A US 500159 A US500159 A US 500159A US 50015921 A US50015921 A US 50015921A US 1501207 A US1501207 A US 1501207A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alkali
- grinding
- cellulosic body
- cellulose
- soluble
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title description 26
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 24
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 86
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 26
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012084 conversion product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- -1 aralkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940106135 cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS(=O)(=O)OCC DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B1/00—Preparatory treatment of cellulose for making derivatives thereof, e.g. pre-treatment, pre-soaking, activation
- C08B1/06—Rendering cellulose suitable for etherification
Definitions
- the cellulose or cellulose conversion product with the alkali without water it may be used with the addition of some water, but the amount of water present during the etherifying operation is preferably kept within the limits mentioned in my said previous specifications, that is-to say it should not exceed four times the weight of the cellulose or conversion product and preferably should not exceed from one halt to one and a half times this weight (disrelose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid with alkali to be used as base, andsubjecting the ground material to etherification.
- the amount of water present during the etherifying operation is preferably kept within the limits mentioned in my said previous specifications, that is-to say it should not exceed four times the weight of the cellulose or conversion product and preferably should not exceed from one halt to one and a half times this weight (disrelose ethers by treatment of a cellul
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Description
Patented July 15, 1924.
T a s HENRY DREYFUS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.
MANUFACTURE OF CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES.
No Drawing.
To all whom it may canoe m:
Be it known that I, HENRY DREYFUS, a citizen of the Swiss Republic, of London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Cellulose Derivatives, of which the following is a specification.
. This invention relates to the manufacture of alkyl or aralkyl ethers of cellulose by etherification of cellulose or cellulose conversion products not soluble in alkali, hereinafter included in the term a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali.
In the specifications of my previous applications Serial No. 401381, S. No. 401383 and S. No. 401385 filed August 5, 1920, and in the corresponding British patent specifications Nos. 164374, 164375 and 164377 proc esses have been described for the manufacture of such cellulose ethers by treating cellulose or cellulose conversion products not soluble in alkali with etherifying agents in presence of alkali, and in these specificai 1 version products.
tions and more particularly in S. No. 40138 the best conditions are indicated for producing the ethers of cellulose,.from the point of view of qualityand yield, and in particular it was pointed out that restricted quantities of water, not exceeding four times the weight of the cellulose or conversion prodnot and preferably not exceeding from onecellulose or celluloseconversion product to v be etherified is first ground with a portion of the alkali,' preferably employed in powdered form, until a homogeneous mixture has taken place and the alkali has entered into combination to a greater or less extent with the cellulose or conversion product. The grinding is performed in admixture with organic liquids or diluents such for instance as benzol, as already mentioned Application filed September 12, 1921. Serial No. 500,159.
in the said previous specifications S. No. 401381, S. No. 401383 and S. No. 401385. By employing such liquids in grinding the cellulose with the alkali, one can avoid overheating of the cellulose, which is more liable to occur when the cellulose is ground alone with the alkali, in which latter case the heat whichfmay be locally generated by the grinding is much less readily dispersedor transmitted through the mass. the diluent or liquid likewise tends to prevent or reduce the oxidizing influence which the alkali is capable of exerting on the cellulose or cellulose conversion product. Cooling is preferably applied during the grindmg. I v I According to another form of execution, the cellulose or conversion product, suspended in the benzol or other diluent such as referred to, is passed through a Hollander, beating engine or equivalent machine, with or without cooling, and ground to a fine state, similarly to cellulose in paper making, in the liquid or diluent. which prevents or reduces liability to overheating byfriction. When the grinding is finished, the cellulose or conversion product is ground together with a portion of the alkali, preferably employed in powdered form, the, alkali being added gradually as the grinding proceeds, or though less advantageously, it may be added all together at the commencement. Before grinding with the alkali the ground cellu lose or conversion product may be separated from the benzolor other diluent, or the ground mixture of cellulose and diluent may be ground with the alkali, or a portion of the diluent may be removed, for example so that the quantity of diluent present or remaining is about equal to the quantity of diethyl sulphate or other etherifying agent employed for the etherification as mentioned in my said previous specifications.
The products obtained as hereinbefore referred to are submitted to the etherifying reaction with the etherifying agents. such for instance as diethyl or dimethyl sulphate,
The use of I fibe'nzyl. chloride and so forth, by addingv these agents and the necessary further alkali in stages or otherwise, proceeding as explained in my said previous specifications, the etherifying reaction being also preferably conducted in presence of diluents or liquids not subject to undergo etherifi'cation, which diluents or liquids may be already contained in the alkalised cellulose coming from the foregoing treatment or be wholly or artly added, the quantity of diluent use in the etherification being preferably restricted, for instance about equal in amount to the etherifying agent employed, though I do not confine myself in this respect.
Instead of grinding the cellulose or cellulose conversion product with the alkali without water, it may be used with the addition of some water, but the amount of water present during the etherifying operation is preferably kept within the limits mentioned in my said previous specifications, that is-to say it should not exceed four times the weight of the cellulose or conversion product and preferably should not exceed from one halt to one and a half times this weight (disrelose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid with alkali to be used as base, andsubjecting the ground material to etherification. I
2. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with ethei'ifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid with alkali to be used as base, cooling being applied during the grinding, and subjecting the ground material to etherification.
3. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body 4 not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid and of water, with alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification.
4. In a proces'sfor the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid and of water, and while cooling, with alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification.
5. In a process of the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body to a fine state in presence of a nonetherifiable organic liquid, grinding the ground cellulosic body in presence of nonetherifiable organic liquid with alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification.
6. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body to a fine state in presence of a nonetherifiable organic liquid, while cooling, grinding the ground cellulosic body in presence of non-etherifiable organic liquid, and while cooling, with alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification.
7. In a process for the productioi. o. cellulose et'hers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body to a fine state in presence of a nonetherifiable organic liquid, grinding the ground cellulosic body in presence of nonetherifiable organicliquid and of water, with alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification.
8. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body to a fine state in presence of a non- 1 etherifiable organic liquid and of water, grindingthe ground cellulosic body in presence .ofnon-etherifiable organic liquid and of water, with alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification. v
9. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body to a fine state in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid and of water, and while cooling, grindin the ground cellulosic body in presence 0 nonetherifiable organic liquid and of water, and while. cooling, with alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification.
10. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid with a portion of the alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification with addition of further alkali.
11. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying aso'iaao? 11 body not. soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid and of water, with a portion of the alkali to be used as base, and
subjecting the ground material to etherification with addition of further alkali.
13. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid and of water, and while cooling, with a portion of the alkali to. be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification with addition of further alkali.
14. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid, grinding the ground cellulosic body in presence of non-etherifiable organic liquid with a portion of the alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification with addition of further alkali.
15. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali,,with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid, while cooling grinding the ground cellulosic body, while cooling,
in presence of non-etherifiable organic liquid with a portion of the alkali .to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification with addition of further alkali.
16. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding-the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid and of water, grinding the ground cellulosic body in presence of non-etherifiable organic liquid with a portion of the alkali to be used as base, and
subjecting the ground material to etherification with addition of further alkali.
17. In -a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatmentof a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of a non-etherifiable organic liquid and of water, grinding the ground cellulosic body in presence of non-etherifiable organic liquid and of Water,
with a portion of the alkali to be used asbase, and subjecting the ground material to etherification with addition of further alkali.
18. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of benzol with alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification.
19. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presence of benzol and of water, with alkali'to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification.
20. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic 'body in presence of benzol and while cooling, with alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification.
21. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body,-in presence of benzol, grinding the ground cellulosic body in presence of benzol with alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to-etherification. I
22. In a process for the production of cellulose ethers by treatment of a cellulosic body not soluble in alkali, with etherifying agent in presence of alkali, grinding the cellulosic body in presenceof benzol and of water, grinding the ground cellulosic body in presence of benzol and of water, with alkali to be used as base, and subjecting the ground material to etherification.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.
HENRY DREYFUS.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US500159A US1501207A (en) | 1921-09-12 | 1921-09-12 | Manufacture of cellulose derivatives |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US500159A US1501207A (en) | 1921-09-12 | 1921-09-12 | Manufacture of cellulose derivatives |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1501207A true US1501207A (en) | 1924-07-15 |
Family
ID=23988292
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US500159A Expired - Lifetime US1501207A (en) | 1921-09-12 | 1921-09-12 | Manufacture of cellulose derivatives |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1501207A (en) |
-
1921
- 1921-09-12 US US500159A patent/US1501207A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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