US1500871A

US1500871A - Instrument for graphically recording series of observations

Info

Publication number: US1500871A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1924-07-08
Anticipated expiration: 1941-07-08

Description

INSTRUMENT FOR GRAPHICALLY RECORDING SERIES OF OBSERVATIONS E. HOLLAND ET AL July 8 1924.

INVOLVING TWO FACTORS Filed July 27. 1923 186 v fizz/em wai 7 25 7262 ZozzaZ Patented July 8, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFECE.

EDWARD HOLLAND AND RONALD G. COLLINGWOOD, GE CAIRO, EGYPT.

INSTRUMENT FOR GRAPHICALLY RECORDING SERIES OF OBSERVATIONS INVOLVING- TWO FACTORS.

Application filed July 27,

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, EDWARD HOLLAND and RONALD GEORGE COLLINGWOOD, both subjects of the King of Great Britain, both residing in Cairo Egypt, have jointly invented acertain new and useful Instrument for Graphically Recording Series of Observations Involving Two Factors, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to means for mechanically recording the results of a series of observations involving two factors. The apparatus is specially adapted for plotting the soundings of the bed of a river or canal or the results of a survey of a district for railway or other similar purposes, but may be used for obtaining graphic records of many other series of observations.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an example of an instrument according to the invention.

Fig. 1 is an elevation part1 in section,

Fig. 2 is a front end elevation with parts removed,

Fig. 3 is a partial rear end elevation with parts removed,

Fig. l is a view partly in section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2,

5 is a s ction on the line 55 of Fig. 1, V

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the indicator.

1 is a hollow drum uniformly graduated on the external periphery by markings provided on spiral grooves or the like. A hollow spindle 2 passes axially through the drum and is supported in a bracket 3 at the front end and in a bracket 4 at the rear end of the drum. The brackets 3 and 4 are approximately triangular in form and at their bases are each provided with

bosses

5, 6 and 7, .8, through holes in which

circular rods

9, 10 pass. Flanges 11, 12 on each rod bear against the bosses and are tightened up by nuts 13 provided at the screw threaded ends of the rods.

The drum is rotated by a handle 1% inserted in a collar 15 secured to the front end of the spindle 2- and bearing against the bracket 3.

At the rear end of the drum a. collar 16 is recessed to receive a flange at the end of the spindle 2 and abuts against the front side of the bracket l.

A screw 18 having the same pitch 192-3. Serial No. 654,256.

the spiral grooves on the drum is coaxial with and disposed within the hollow spindle 2; the screw engages with a thread provided in a tubular extension 16 of the collar 16 which is journalled in the bearing 4 and is held thereon by a threaded ring 17. On the rotation of the drum in a counter-cloclnvise direction the screw is advanced to the right hand of Fig. l and carries with it a rectangular bar 19 to which it is secured by a clamping member 20 and the nuts 21. To the lower end of the bar 19 is fastened a circular rod 22 which terminates in a screwthread 23 inserted in a projecting lug 2-l (Fig. 6) of an indicator 25 which slides on the

rods

9 and 10 as it follows the move ments of the screw 18 and rod 22.

A sliding sleeve 26 fits over the drum and can be set by hand to any graduation of the spiral markings; the sleeve is also graduated on the same scale as, but in the reversedirection to, the drum. The sleeve is conveniently held against the drum by leaf springs 27 faced by rubber 28 (Fig. 3) and attached to metal strips 29 (Fig. 1) secured to the sleeve at 30. The pressure can be released at any time by means of the hand grip 31.

A counting device 32 of well-known type is connected by a. pinion 33 to a gear wheel 34 secured to the spindle 2 of the drum. The pinion is supported in the brac e and the counting wheels on a pin 35 (Figs. 1 and 2) inserted in a boring of the bracket.

A carbon ribbon 70 is wound. in close proximity to the lower surface oi the court ing wheels..

round bobbins

36 and 31.

Vertical bars 38 and 39 arranged on the opposite sides of the drum 1 normally rest on a table 40 placed below the drum on which a sheet of paper is wound over rollers to receive the records.

.The drum with the indicating and count ing devices is pivoted to the table at 4-1 (Fig. l) by an arm 42 and is depressed by hand by means of an extension 43 or the bracket 8, after the indicator 25 has been set to the required reading on the drum 1. so that a marking device, such as a stylus pencil or the like 44 is brought into contact with the paper sheet against the resistance of a spring 1-5.

At the same time the carbon ribbon 70, which is in contact with the counting wheels,

is pressed on the paper sheet and the numerical value of the corresponding ob.

servation recorded.

The bars 38 and 39 (Fig. 2) normally rest on the table 40 and when the drum and the appertaining parts are depressed pins 16 attached to the bracket 3 slide in slots 47 of the" bars 38 and 39 against the resistance of a leaf spring 48 which is attached to pins 19 inserted in these bars. The rlbbon is, consequently, only pressed in contact with the counting Wheelsv while the impression is made on the paper sheet and does not impose any frictional resistance to the rotation of the wheels. At each depression of the racket, a pawl 50 is operated to rotate a toothed wheel 51 secured to the bobbin 37, a detent 52 holding the wheel stationary during the upward movement of the bracket 3.

The gear wheel 34. can be locked at any time by a detent 53 pivoted at 54:.

The paper sheet 55 (Fig. 2) is wound over

rollers

56 and 57 having parallel longitudinally disposed axes. The paper is held in known manner against the periphery of the rollers by

spring gripping devices

58, 59 and is tautened by a spring roller 60 which presses the paper against the table 40, and a roller 61 which presses the paper against a roller 62 on the opposite side of the table. 7

Handles 63 and 6% enable the winding

rollers

56 and 57 to be rotated from either end after each record through an angular displacement of given amount and a free hand curve can be drawn on the removal of the paper sheet through the points marked.

The drum 1 and the parts associated with it can be raised about the pivot 41 into the vertical position and held by a hook 65 pivoted at 66 and engaging with a pin 67 secured to the arm 42 as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. The paper sheet can then be removed and replaced by another sheet.

In some cases, for example where preliminary and final soundings are taken of a river bed, an alternative position may be provided for the marking. device 4%, as shown in dotted lines, so that one set of observations is plotted with the marking de vice in the position indicated by the full lines and the other set of observations With the marking devicein the position indicated This enables the results of a series of observations entered in the note book of the observer 'to be afterwards graphically recorded at any convenient time and minimizes the time required for plotting the results and also the possibilities of numerical mistakes on the part of the observer, since the setting of the sleeve to the datum line on the drum enables the operator to set the index to the observed soundings or other observations without reducing these observations to the true base line.

It 'is obvious that practically the same process can be carried out in land surveying operations and with appropriate modifications can be used in many other applications in. which graphic records are required of a series of observations of two independent factors.

The drum is conveniently divided into removable sections and the drum with its gear wheel, frame and counting device can be readily removed and replaced by another of different range. 7

Having thus described the nature of the said invention and the best means we know of carrying the same into practical effect, we claim 1. A plotting device comprising a. hollow drum provided with graduations, means for rotating the drum and means for preventing axial movement of the drum, an index associated with said drum and adapted to be set to any graduation on the drum, means actuated by the rotation of said drum for moving said index longitudinally of the drum, amarking device carried by the index, and means for causing the marking device to plot av mark on a recording sheet corresponding to every setting of the index. 2. A plotting device comprising a drum having a. longitudinal screw-threaded bore and provided with external spirally arranged graduations, means for rotating the drum, means for preventing axial movement of the drum, a rod extending Within and having screw-threads engageable with the screw-threads in the drum and movable axially of the drum in dependence on the rotation of the drum, an index associated with said rod and movable longitudinally of: the drum with said rod and adapted to be set to any graduation on the drum, a marking device associated with'the index, and means for causing the marking device to plot a mark on a recording sheet corresponding toevery setting of the index.

3. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having graduations on its periphery, means for rotating the drum and means for preventing axial movement of the drum, a hollow spindle secured to the drum, brackets supporting the front and rear ends of said,

spindle, a sleeve in saidrear bracket having an lnternal screw thread, a screw threaded rod disposed axially within said spindle and engaging with the screw thread of said sleeve, an index co-operating with the graduations of said drum, and means for transmitting the axial movement of said screw to said index, a marking device attached to the index, and means for causing the marking device to plot a mark on a recording sheet corresponding to every setting of the index.

4. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum, means for rotating the drum, a hollow spindle. secured to said drum, a front and rear bracket supporting said spindle, each bracket having apertures, rods passing through said apertures and provided adjacent their ends with screw threads, nuts engaging said rods, a fixed support to which one bracket is hinged, an index associated with said drum and adapted to be set to 'any graduation on the drum, means actuated by the rotation of said drum for loving said index longitudinally of the drum, a marking device associated with the index, and means for causing the marking device to plot a mark on a recording sheet corresponding to every setting of the index.

5. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum, means for rotating the drum, a hollow spindle secured to said drum, a front and rear bracket supporting said spindle, each bracket having apertures, rods passing through said apertures and having screw threads at their ends, nuts engaging said rods, a xed support to which one bracket is hinged, a sleeve on said rear bracket having an internal screw thread, a. screw threaded rod disposed axially within said hollow spindle and engaging with the screw thread of said sleeve, a bar secured to the rear ends of said screw threaded rod, a rod disposed parallel to the axis of the drum and connected to said bar and carrying an index, said index being secured to said brackets and mounted to slide on said rods and adapted to be set to any graduation on the drum, a marking device associated with said index, a. sheet of paper moved parallel to the axis of the drum on said fixed support and receiving an impression from said marking device when the drum is moved downwards about the hinge of said bracket.

6. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having spirally arranged graduations on its periphery, means for rotating the drum, a hollow spindle secured to the drum, a rear and a front bracket supporting said drum and said spindle in fixed axial position, a fixed support to which one bracket is hinged, a sheet of paper moved on said fixed support parallel to the axis of said drum, a screw threaded rod axially disposed within said hollow spindle, an internally screw threaded sleeve in one of said brackets engaging with the screw thread of said rod, an index co-operating with the graduations on said drum, and means for imparting the axial movement or said screw threaded rod to said index, a recording sheet moved parallel to the axis of the drum, and a marking device attached to said index, adapted to impress a mark on said sheet when the drum and spindle are pressed downwards about the hinge of said bracket.

7. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having spirally arranged graduations on its periphery, a hollow spindle secured to said drum, means for rotating said spindle, front and rear brackets supporting said spindle, means associated with said brackets for preventing axial movement or" said spindle, a screw threaded rod axially movable in said spindle, an internally screw threaded nut secured to one of said brackets and engaging with the thread of said rod, an index co-operating with said spiral graduations on said drum, means for transmitting the axial movements of said screw threaded rod to said index, a marking device associated with said index, means for moving a recording sheet in close contact with said marking device, and means for bringing said marking device into contact with said sheet. 7

8. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having graduations, means for rotating the drum and means for preventing axial movement of the drum, an index associated with the drum, means actuated by the rotation of said drum for moving said index longitudinally of the drum, a marking device attached to said index, and means for causing the marking device to plot a mark on a recording sheet cm'responding to every setting of the index, and a counting device comprising counting wheels and gearing operated by the rotation of said drum to actuate said counting wheels.

9. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having spiral graduations thereon, a hollow spindle secured to said drum, means for rotating said spindle, front and rear backets supporting said spindle, means as sociated with said brackets preventing axial movement of said spindle, a screw threaded rod axially movable in said spindle, an internally screw threaded nut secured to one of said brackets and engaging with the thread of said rod, an index cot operating with said spiral graduations on said drum and means for transmitting the axial movements of said screw threaded rod to said index, a marking device attached to said index, means for moving a recording sheet in close contact with said marking device, means for bringing said marking device into contact with said sheet, and a counting device comprising counting wheels and gearing there-for operated by the rotation of said drum to actuate said counting wheels.

10. A plotting device comprising a hol- =.low drum having graduations thereon,

means forrotating the drum and means for preventing axial movement of the drum, an index associated with and movable longitudinally of the drum, means actuated by the rotation of said drum for moving said index longitudinally of the drum, a marking device attached to said index, means for causing the marking device to plot a mark on a recording sheet corresponding to every setting of theindex, a counting device comprising counting wheels and gearing oper-- ated by the rotation or" said drum to actuate said counting wheels, bobbins mounted on one of said brackets and a carbon ribbon wound around said bobbins in close proximity to said counting wheels, and means for bringing said carbon ribbon into contact with said recording sheet.

11. A plotting device comprising a hol low drum having graduations on its periphery, means for rotating the drum, means for preventing axial movement of the drum, a spindle. secured to said drum, front and rear brackets supporting said spindle, a hinge about which one of said brackets is pivoted, an index associated with and movable longitudinally of the drum, means actuated by the rotation of said drum for Vmoving said index longitudinally of the drum, a marking device attached to said index, a fixed support, means for moving a recording sheet in close proximity to said marking device, and means for depressing said drum and said marking device about said hinge to impress a mark on said sheet.

12. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having graduations on its periphery, means for rotating the drum, means for preventing axial movement of the drum, an index associated with and movable longitudinally of the drum, means actuated by the rotation of said drum for moving said index longitudinally of the drum, a mark ing device attached to said index, a counting device comprising counting wheels and gearing operated by the rotation of said drum to actuate said counting wheels, a spindle secured to said drum, front and rear brackets supporting said spindle, a hinge about which one of said brackets is'pivoted, bobbins mounted on the other of said-braclc ets, a carbon ribbon wound round saidbobbins in close proximity to said counting wheels, a fixed support, means for moving a recording sheet on said support, and means for depressing said ribbon and marking device about said hinge into contact with said recording sheet. V

'13. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum'having graduations on its periphery, a sleeve slida-ble on said drum and provided with graduations, spring means between said sleeve and said drum providing a yielding connection between said sleeve and said drum, means for rotating the drum, and means for preventing axial movement ofthe drum, an index associated with and movable longitudinally of said drum and adapted to be set to any graduation on the drum, means actuated by the rotation of said drum for moving said index longitudinally of the drum, a marking device associated with the index, and means for causing the marking device to plot amark on a recording sheet corresponding to every setting of the index.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

n. HOLLAND. n e. ooLLmeWoon.