US1500500A - Paper making - Google Patents
Paper making Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1500500A US1500500A US479642A US47964221A US1500500A US 1500500 A US1500500 A US 1500500A US 479642 A US479642 A US 479642A US 47964221 A US47964221 A US 47964221A US 1500500 A US1500500 A US 1500500A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- latex
- making
- rubber
- latices
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 34
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 240000002636 Manilkara bidentata Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000016302 balata Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000286663 Ficus elastica Species 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 after being beaten Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940013688 formic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N reserpine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]2C[C@@H]3C4=C(C5=CC=C(OC)C=C5N4)CCN3C[C@H]2C1)C(=O)OC)OC)C(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/35—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene
Definitions
- This invention refers to the manufacture of paper and paper-like materials, and its chief object is the production of paperor the like which is remarkably strong both with regard to tensile strength and to resistance 'to abrasion and to repeated bending While under tension. paper or the like which has a considerable bursting strength.
- A- further object is a paper or the like in which low grade fibres may be profitably used.
- any natural india-rubber-containing latex, or any indiarubber-containing latex preserved by ammonia, formaldehyde and the like, or any gutta-containing latex, or balata-containinglatex, singly or combined, is or are added to the usual paper making materials, cotton, jute, linen hemp. wood pulp or other vegetable or animal fibres, as well as mineral fibres such as asbestos, together with any mineral. fillers, such as china clay and the like.
- the said latex or latices is or are added to the paper pulp after the latter hasbeen beaten to the required extent for the qual-. ity of paper aimed at,and the quantity of latex or latices added is in proportion'to the quality of the paper to be made and the nature of the fibres, and other materials used in the composition of the paper.
- a co'a -ulative agent is added, said agent being added according to the nature and state of the latex, and being such as acetic acid, formic-acid or any other suitable organic or mineral acid, or small quantities of mineral salts.
- amount of coagulative agent should be the minimum quantity necessary which can be experimentally determined.
- coagulatiw agent may vary with the nature and character of the latex or latices employed. but such Will be easily determined by those skilled in the art.
- Hiqhlv satisfactory paper has been man ufactured by this process, using the latex of H ecea Znwsiiicnsis. and containing 0.3, g 1%, 2%, 4% and 5% of. rubber to the Weight of dried paper, ⁇ vhilst much more resinous latices have been successfully used to pro-- prise papers for special purposes containing as much as 10% of coagulative material.
- Paper containing india-rubber has a high tensile strength.
- the folding number as determined by the Schopper folding machine, of samples of paper containing 0.5% of rubber and vulcanized. has reached 5.000 to 6,000. W'ithout vulcanization, paper containing 2% of rubber often has a folding number of 2,000 and over.
- the bursting strength of many papers made from chemical Wood pulp containing rubber from the latex of Hcrca brasiZie/zsis, or from the coagulum of highly resinous latices containing rubber. gut'ta or balata, is equal to that of paper made by the Kraft process.
- the quality of paper being improved by this process the time of beating may, in many cases, be considerably shortened, thus reducing the cost of manufacture.
- fibres of low grade can be profitably used for the purpose of paper making.
- the invention may be usefully ap plied in the making of mill board andsimilar paper-like materials.
- What I claim is 2- 1.
- the process of making paper which consists in adding to the paper pulp after digestion and prior to passing the pulp through a paper-making machine, a rubbercontaining latex, mixing the mass thereby to disseminate the latex between the parafter such materials have been beaten,
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Description
FREDERICK team, or ASHTON-ON-MERSEY, ENGLAND.
PAPER MAKING.
No Drawing.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, FREDERICK KA YE, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residin at Ashton-on-Mersey, in
the county of Chester, England, have invented new and useful Improvements Relating to Paper Making, for which I have filed application for patent in Great Britain June 25, 1920, No. 17,252, and of which the following is a. specification.
This invention refers to the manufacture of paper and paper-like materials, and its chief object is the production of paperor the like which is remarkably strong both with regard to tensile strength and to resistance 'to abrasion and to repeated bending While under tension. paper or the like which has a considerable bursting strength. A- further object is a paper or the like in which low grade fibres may be profitably used.
According to the invention, any natural india-rubber-containing latex, or any indiarubber-containing latex preserved by ammonia, formaldehyde and the like, or any gutta-containing latex, or balata-containinglatex, singly or combined, is or are added to the usual paper making materials, cotton, jute, linen hemp. wood pulp or other vegetable or animal fibres, as well as mineral fibres such as asbestos, together with any mineral. fillers, such as china clay and the like. l
The said latex or latices is or are added to the paper pulp after the latter hasbeen beaten to the required extent for the qual-. ity of paper aimed at,and the quantity of latex or latices added is in proportion'to the quality of the paper to be made and the nature of the fibres, and other materials used in the composition of the paper. After thoroughly mixing the latex or latices With the pulp, which may be done in the beater, a co'a -ulative agent is added, said agent being added according to the nature and state of the latex, and being such as acetic acid, formic-acid or any other suitable organic or mineral acid, or small quantities of mineral salts.
lVhen a satisfactory coagulation has been efiecte'd the contents of. the beater are transv ferred to the cistern or pulp-holding tank of the usual paper making machine and run throu h the machine in the ordinary manl'he paper maybe sized in the usual Another object is a Application filed June 22, 1921. Serial No. 479,642.
manner, before orafter the addition of the siderable, say 1% to 0.1%, or even less ofrubber, gutta or balatu content. The
amount of coagulative agent should be the minimum quantity necessary which can be experimentally determined. i
The nature and quantity of coagulatiw agent may vary with the nature and character of the latex or latices employed. but such Will be easily determined by those skilled in the art.
Hiqhlv satisfactory paper has been man ufactured by this process, using the latex of H ecea Znwsiiicnsis. and containing 0.3, g 1%, 2%, 4% and 5% of. rubber to the Weight of dried paper, \vhilst much more resinous latices have been successfully used to pro-- duce papers for special purposes containing as much as 10% of coagulative material.
Paper containing india-rubber has a high tensile strength. The folding number. as determined by the Schopper folding machine, of samples of paper containing 0.5% of rubber and vulcanized. has reached 5.000 to 6,000. W'ithout vulcanization, paper containing 2% of rubber often has a folding number of 2,000 and over.
The bursting strength of many papers made from chemical Wood pulp containing rubber from the latex of Hcrca brasiZie/zsis, or from the coagulum of highly resinous latices containing rubber. gut'ta or balata, is equal to that of paper made by the Kraft process.
The quality of paper being improved by this process the time of beating may, in many cases, be considerably shortened, thus reducing the cost of manufacture. Further, by this invention fibres of low grade can be profitably used for the purpose of paper making. The invention may be usefully ap plied in the making of mill board andsimilar paper-like materials.
What I claim is 2- 1. The process of making paper, which consists in adding to the paper pulp after digestion and prior to passing the pulp through a paper-making machine, a rubbercontaining latex, mixing the mass thereby to disseminate the latex between the parafter such materials have been beaten,
rubber-containing latex, gutta-containing latex, or balataeontaining latex, or a com bination of any two of these latices mixing the said materials and latex or latices to; gether, adding a coagulative agent to the mixture, andafter suitable coagulation, passing the mixture through a paper-making machine, as set forth.
4. In a process of making paper of any desired thickness adding to the paper pulp, after being beaten, rubber-containing latex, gutta-containi-ng latex, or balata-containing latex diluted to contain only a small content of rubber, gutta or balata relatively to the weight of paper to be produceddmixing the pulp and diluted latex, adding a coagulative agent to the mixture, and after suitable coagulation, passing the mixture 5 through a paper-making machine, as set forth.
5. In a process of making paper of any desired thickness adding to the paper pulp after being beaten, rubber-containing, gutta- 4 containing, and balata-eontaining latices mixedwith each other in suitable proportions, mixing the beaten materials and latices together, adding a coagulative agent to the mixture, and after coagulation passing through a paper-making machine, sub: stantially as herein set forth. y,
6. The process of making paper of any desired thickness consisting in adding to the ordinary materials used in making paper, after the materials have, beenbeaten, rubber-containing latex, gutta'containing latex, or balata-containing latex, mixing said materials and latex together, adding a coagulative agent to the mixture, and after suitable coagulation, passing the mixture through a paper-making machine, and finally vulcanizing the paper, as set forth.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.
FREDERICK KAYE.
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB17252/20A GB167935A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1920-06-25 | Improvements relating to paper making |
| FR536936D FR536936A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1921-06-16 | Improvements in papermaking |
| DE1921K0078076 DE365934C (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1921-06-19 | Process for making paper |
| US479642A US1500500A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1921-06-22 | Paper making |
| NL19711A NL8878C (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1921-06-23 | |
| GB26665/21A GB191446A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1921-10-08 | Improvements in or relating to the vulcanisation of rubber-latex paper |
| US591182A US1497146A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1922-09-28 | Vulcanization of rubber-latex paper |
| DEK83494D DE379997C (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1922-10-03 | Process for making paper |
| NL22936A NL14972C (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1922-10-03 | |
| FR26927D FR26927E (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1922-10-04 | Improvements in papermaking |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB17252/20A GB167935A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1920-06-25 | Improvements relating to paper making |
| US479642A US1500500A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1921-06-22 | Paper making |
| GB26665/21A GB191446A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1921-10-08 | Improvements in or relating to the vulcanisation of rubber-latex paper |
| US591182A US1497146A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1922-09-28 | Vulcanization of rubber-latex paper |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1500500A true US1500500A (en) | 1924-07-08 |
Family
ID=26258367
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US479642A Expired - Lifetime US1500500A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1921-06-22 | Paper making |
| US591182A Expired - Lifetime US1497146A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1922-09-28 | Vulcanization of rubber-latex paper |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US591182A Expired - Lifetime US1497146A (en) | 1920-06-25 | 1922-09-28 | Vulcanization of rubber-latex paper |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US1500500A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE365934C (en) |
| FR (2) | FR536936A (en) |
| GB (2) | GB167935A (en) |
| NL (2) | NL8878C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2507827A (en) * | 1944-01-27 | 1950-05-16 | Little Inc A | Filtering material |
| US2708982A (en) * | 1947-07-08 | 1955-05-24 | Thomas J Mcguff | Filter media |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE893112C (en) * | 1943-11-29 | 1953-10-12 | Beiersdorf & Co A G P | Stretchable tape |
-
1920
- 1920-06-25 GB GB17252/20A patent/GB167935A/en not_active Expired
-
1921
- 1921-06-16 FR FR536936D patent/FR536936A/en not_active Expired
- 1921-06-19 DE DE1921K0078076 patent/DE365934C/en not_active Expired
- 1921-06-22 US US479642A patent/US1500500A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1921-06-23 NL NL19711A patent/NL8878C/xx active
- 1921-10-08 GB GB26665/21A patent/GB191446A/en not_active Expired
-
1922
- 1922-09-28 US US591182A patent/US1497146A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1922-10-03 DE DEK83494D patent/DE379997C/en not_active Expired
- 1922-10-03 NL NL22936A patent/NL14972C/xx active
- 1922-10-04 FR FR26927D patent/FR26927E/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2507827A (en) * | 1944-01-27 | 1950-05-16 | Little Inc A | Filtering material |
| US2708982A (en) * | 1947-07-08 | 1955-05-24 | Thomas J Mcguff | Filter media |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB191446A (en) | 1923-01-08 |
| US1497146A (en) | 1924-06-10 |
| DE379997C (en) | 1923-09-01 |
| FR26927E (en) | 1924-03-20 |
| GB167935A (en) | 1921-08-25 |
| NL14972C (en) | 1926-09-15 |
| NL8878C (en) | 1923-01-16 |
| DE365934C (en) | 1922-12-23 |
| FR536936A (en) | 1922-05-12 |
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