US1499740A - Compressor for refrigerating machinery - Google Patents

Description

July 1 1924. '1,499,749

F. li-l. KOLBE COMPRESSOR FOR RFRIGERATING MACHINERY Filed March 17. 1919 Patented July l, 11924. l

v UNITEDA STATES Y. raam rarsu'reorncs.

FREDERICK E. KOLBE, 0F DElMIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOB TO KELVINATOR COPORA.- v'.IPIQN', OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A. CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

COMPRESSOR FOR REFRIGEBATING MACHINERY.

Application mea march 17, i919. serial iro. ass 044.

gaseous fluid particularly such as are used in refrigeratingrapparatus, and has especial reference to re domestic type although not necessarily limited thereto. While it is well known that the requirements of all refrigerating machinery are severe, owing tothe offensive and corrosive nature of the fluids employed, it is a fact that a device for domestic use has peculiarly severe requirements owing to the irregularity of its use, the lack ofI skilled orconstant aterate perfectly at the end of that time; also tention, and the high pressures to which it is occasionally subjected. Such a device is often left unused for long periods of time, such as during the winter months, yet the demand is made that it shall start instantly and opowing to temporary lvacation of premises, discontinuance of electric current, or for accidentall reasons, such apparatus is frequentthrough l revolves, lsinceit is at this point that Aleakage ly left idle for exten ed periods v,in hot weather as a result of which the refrigerant fluid, which under ordinary operating conditions exists largely in the liquefied state, becomes wholly gasiied with the roduction of internal pressure far beyond t ose which would normally occur. 'Notwithstanding these extreme drawbacks no leakage mustoccur either of air inward or of refrigerant outward, and no corrosion must result for otherwise the machine might not run when called on` .f t

One vof the most fruitful sources of trolsible `in' previous refrigerating systems has originated at the point' where the main driving shaft of`the compressor .projects the wall of the casing in which .it

of refrigerant or lubricant fluid, inlet of air,

l and corrosion'of the parts has most frequent-` ly occurred. The objects of theA resent invention are thel provision -o a coinpressor of such construction as to"over l igerating apparatus of the l 'in -vli'ijcli'isf mounted the' other bearing tofgethe'rgwitliminiproved sealing means.

while further objects and advantages ofmy invention will become scription proceeds. A n

In the drawings accompanyin and forming a part `of this applicationI' ave shown one mechanical vconstruction in which in inventive ideaA can be, embodied, althoug it will be understood that this drawing is intended to be merely'illustrative and not limiting upon me. In this drawing Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal, vertical sectional view through a preferred design ofcom-1 Eressor embodying my improvements; and

apparent as the deig. 2 is an enlarged detail view showing the bearing and seahng means.

The =particular compressor the cylinder typ two-cycle principle, these features is necessary to m In the present embodiment t e cylinder block 1 having therein the cylinders 2 and 3 is cast integral with the hollow crank case 4:. The cylinders are vshown as surniounted by the head block 5 having therein the outlet valve casings 6, 6,while one side of the crank casing is formed with the inlet aperture 7 from which the refrigerant' va or passes by means of a vertical duct 8 Jacent tothe c linders to the inlet ports 9 which open t rough thecylinder wallsat Ysuchiaapoint as to be alternately covered and uncovered by the ' pistons 10,10. One end of the case is formed with a hollow, in-

shown yis of although neither of.

"for one end oflthe shaft, while the o 'posite -e'nd of the case is formed with an axia openin .13 ''eiving the. cover plate 14 hermetiboltedthereto and carrying. a .boss l5 e and operates upon'the invention.

trowgaypeandhaszassociaad therewith he 17, 1'?.l At its rear- Ward end it is termed with an exteriorly cylindrical portion 18 journaled in a `bushing 19 located in the loess 12; at the orvvard end it is formed with a cylindrical portion 20, rotatably journaled in a bushing 21 mounted in the loess 15., Forward or the portion the crank shaft is formed vvith a reduced extension 22 surrounded loy the jahrupt shoulder 23, While the hess 15 formed vvith an internal c` i@ rounding the reduced por@ shaft the outer f a cover plate or cap place hy any suitable y c such 26, and having an aperture 27 through. which extends the portion 22 the cranl; shaft, 'inside the cavit 2- reduced sh t portion 22 is sur l I fitting collar 30 'to Whose outer f cally attache-d a longitudinallv-enpansihle sheath di of circumferentially-corrugated fierihle sheet metal, the opposite end or said sheath losing hermeti# cally attached to the vzall et the boss 15 as i hy having its margin tlared andA clamped underneath the cover 25.. lVhile l do not limit myseliin this regard, l have *found the corrugated metal as manufactured by the Fulton Company oilinorvillc, Tenn., tolse very satisfactory for this purpose, although li do not limit fselif to this or even to a cylindrical orrnation oi derihle plateo Between the "collar and the shoulder 23 l have shown a heariheand sealing ring 32 made et seine composition vvhich will maintain a tight joint at this point preferably Without the necessity fot' luhrication and Without corrosion or sticking; and hetvveen bthe collar 30 and plate 25, inside thesheath 31 l introduce a compression s ring 33 tend- 0 ing to torce the collar toward the shoulder 23. For withstanding the pressure oli this spring l have illustrated the hess 12 as provided With a thrust hearing 35, which may take any desired form, against `which the end of the shatt shuts; and li have also found it advisable that the shoulder .23 should project outwardly he ond the end of the hushing 21' so that neit er the rin nor the shoulder can come in contact Wit this bushing.'

ref

' 5,@ "lhe projecting end et theshailt 22 is prof vided with driving means'oii any suitable or desired type, such for example as the drive Wheel 36. ,l i

Within the scope ot my invention the ring 32, when used, may loe made of any material; contour,'or arrangement, although ll prefer to make the same-of some sort and antirictioncomposition which may adhere to .the one part and ruh upon the other `with Q10/sealing contact. The composition Whichfll refer ils that described and claimed in the etters Patent oil Emery G. Gilson.,A No.A 1,071,044, dated August 26, -1913, and No. 1,17 7 ,407 dated March 2S, 1916, `which composition is at present sold hy the` General insegno Electric ompany under the name tieneg1 lita?s This substance vvill run against cerr4 tain bronzes and against hard steel 'Without perceptible Wear and Without sticking, even at` high temperatures, As an example n composition orp such metal which l have found very satistactory, the following he talrenrm Per cent. 68 to 7d Tin y 18 to lil tl to l@ Graphite 6 to l although these are not invariahle, and a smanfamount ot other sulostances, such as Zinc, could also he employed1 lin use a sealing ring ot this composition hecomes coated on its Wearing surtace with a smooth, soit, adherent coating which looks and feels as though it might 'consist oil graphite, and which ofters little friction, is seli-luhricating7 and permits no leakage even though run at a rather high temperature.

The collar 30 can lilrevvise loe of any desired metal Within my invention, hut in case oi the use ot a sealing ring such as li have descrihed l prefer to malte that collar of hind el bronze, as tor example:

. Percent.V @opper 79 toi lin 1d to 18 Zinc 2 to 1 Lead 2 to '1 `With this arrangement it 1` is immaterial Whether the-'ring' 32 rotates vvith the one memher or stands still. with the other memher. The composition ot the bronze collar will orevent this from cuttingP or scoring t e shalto Vlhis collar can also he lubricated upon the outside occasionally it desired, although it 'will he noted that it doats freely on the shaft and carries no load and hence does not oder much opportunity for' friction, 1

' llt will he understood that, lubricant may `or may not he employed inside fthe conneriese sor depending upon the metals used and the temperatures and' frictionfceecient permitz ted, hut that when used and ot suycient viscoslty it may he considered as a part of the sealing means though not always a neces-z sary part. 1t will also he understood that the embodiments here shown constitute only a small' numloer out of the many constructions invvhich my inventive ideav may he utilized, Wherefore ll donot limit myself to the details herein shown except as the same.

are 'specically recited in the claims hereto annexed or rendered'. necessary hy the prior t Having thus described my invention, what ll claim isiw v 1. A, compressor for retrigerating machin ery ,etnm-prising,"4 inl combination, a casing havingan opening, a shaft `projectinpr,P

ier

Lacanau' through said opening and having an abrupt shoulder, a bearing surroundingthe larger portion of said shaft, a collar surrounding the smaller portion of said shaft, a longitudinally expansible, circumferentially corrugated flexible metal member hermetically joined to said collar and casing, a sealing ring of self-lubricating metal separate Ifrom said collar and interposed between said shoulder and collar, and a spring forcing said collar toward said shoulder to compress said ring.

2. A compressor for refrigerating machinery comprising, in combination, a casing having a bearing, a shaft journaled in said bearing and lhavin a shoulder, a collar surrounding said sha facing said shoulder, a longitudinally expansible, circumferentially corrugated flexible metal member hermetically joined to said collar and casing, a sealing ring of graphite-containing bronze interposed between said shoulder and collar, and a spring forcing said collar toward said shoulder to compress said ring.

3. A compressor for refrigerating machinery comprising, in combination, a casing having a bearing and a cavity outside said bearing, a shaft journaled in said bearing and having a reduced portion projecting' through said cavity, said shaft having a shoulder within sald cavity, a collar surrounding the reduced portion of said shaft,

a circumferentiallyfcorrugated, longitudinally-expansible cylindrical, sheet metal sheath hermetically joined to said collar and to the wall of said cavity, a sealing ring between said collar and shoulder, and a compression spring inside said sheath forcing said collar toward said shoulder.

4. In a compressor for refrigerating apparatus, a closed casing having a bearing, a drive shaft jo-urnaled in said bearing and `having formed thereon an integral shoulder,

having a bearing and a' cavity into which said 'bearing opens, a shaft journaled in said bearing and havin a shoulder, a collar surrounding said sha and facing said shoulder, a spring interposed between said collar and a part of said casing and tending to move said collar toward said shoulder, and a longitudinally-expansible, cylindrical sheath located inside said cavity and hermetically joined to said collar and casing. l

In testimony whereof, I. hereunto aix my signature,

' FREDERICK H. KOLBE.

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