US1499593A - reiss - Google Patents

Description

July I 1924'. Y 1,499,593

P. RElss CALCULAT I NG MACHINE Filed April 1a, 1922 sheezs-shen 1 P. REISS CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 18 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 luie/daf; Paal Reiss,

`Lnumerical value of the Patented July l, 1924.

1,499,593 PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL Reiss, or DANZIG (FREE CITY or),

e. M. is. H.,

ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM GUTSCHOW & C0.

OF DANZIG.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

Application led April 18, 1922. Serial No. 555,321.

T 0 all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, PAUL Rniss, acitizen of Germany, residing at Danzig (Free City of), have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating' Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to key operated calculating machines for figuring with several rows of numbers, and especially to automatically recording adding andv subtracting machines of that type in which the transferring of the several numerical quantities which are set by the keys to the counting f and printing means is effected by means of reciprocating rack bars or the like the ratio of movement of which corresponds to the particular key operated.

In accordance with this invention the ratio "of movement of the rack bars or the like which operate the numeral members or wheels of the counting mechanism is determined by means of dogs or coupling inem- "ibers adjustably tocbe connected to said rack zbars or the like, in several positions by the operation of the keys, the said dogs or coupling members being adapted to engage with a projection or stop rigidly secured tothe frame of the calculating machine and limiting the movement of the said rack bars or the like. The distances of the positions to which the dogs or the like are adjusted on 'the rack bars or the like from the stationary 'movement limiting stop referred to in the .inoperative position of the rack bars or the :like correspond to the numerical values of `the keys corresponding to the respective dogs or the like. The said keys are positively connected to the adjustable dogs or coupling members of the rack bars or the like without, however, causing this connection to interfere with the possibility of displacing the rack bars or the like.

The reciprocation of the several rack bars or the like is preferably effected from a common sliding member adapted to be reciprocated with unchanging stroke, and which may be coupled to the rack bars or the like by means of the adjustable dogs or the like referred to.

The invention has reference also to improvements in the particular means of connecting the keys to the adjustable dogs, and it also provides for improved means of arranging said dogs, and for improved means accompanying drawing showing a calculat- Y ing machine by way of example as an enibodiment of my invention, in which:

Figure l is a vertical section through the keyboard portion with adjoining parts, all the parts not absolutely necessary for the understanding of the invention Ahaving been removed from the drawing.

Figure 2 is a section on the line Ill-II of Figure l.

Figure 3 is a partial elevation of the parts of machinery illustrated in Figure 1, seen from the opposite side (in the direction of the arrow of Figure l).

Figure al is a horizontal section on the line IV*IV of Figure l.

Referring particularly to Figure l. of the drawing a row or column of keys of the key board of the calculating machine are indicated at l to Qand 0. The said keys are arranged as usual in rows or columns one behind the other transversely to the direction in which the numbers for which the machine is to be set will have to be read. Of such numbering rows the machine possesses as many will correspond to the amount of characters for which the machine is intended. In the drawing 'for the sake of simplifying the explanation of the parts of machinery only one such row of keys has been represented with the adjacent operating mechanism, the drawing illustrating by way of example the keys at the extreme left of the machine. The several keys correspond to the numerical characters by which they are designated in the drawing. Each separate key is provided with a stein 21 constituted. by a flat. bar, and guided in slots 3l of a flange 33 at the upper end of a sheet metal wall 32 provided for each row of keys, the stems being also guided by lugs 3e obtained by the punching out of parts of the wall 32, and bending the cut-out portions inwards. Springs 35,- attaclied with their upper ends to the flange 33 and with their lower ends to pins 36 of the key stems 2l keep the keys in the raised position. Below the pins 36 another pin 37 is secured yto each of the stems 2l adapted to engage behind a locking tooth or shoulder 38. The said shoulders 38 of all the, keys are provided on lli) a common locking bar 39 guided by means of slots 40` and pins 44 provided Vin the wall 32 and longitudinally displaceable. Y The locking bar 39 is drawn to the leftof the drawing (Figure 1) by a spring 41 oneend of which being attached to the wall v32, while the other end of the springacts upon the locking bar 39. The top parts of' the locking teeth or shoulders 33 are slantedoff, so as to cause the respective pin 37 upon the depression of the corresponding key to laterally displace the locking tooth andconsequently the bar 39 itself. The zero key is not provided witlia locking tooth, but instead o that the bar 39 vis provided Vat the particular point with an inclined face 42 corresponding-to the inclinedtop surface of the teeth 37.

Below each partition wall 32 a rack bar 61 is arranged the teeth62 of whichengage in the well knownmanner with the teeth of a pinion secured Vin the numeral wheel 116 of the counting mechanismofthe Inachi'ne. In the case of self-recording:calculating machines with printing mechanism the operatingineans for the printing mechanism may be connectedat this point. VThe rack bars 61 are guided in the slots 64 (Fig. 2) of twov indented plates68 arranged in transverse relation thereto. The rack bars 62are also supported onrollers 67. VThree Ygroups of slots a are ,provided in the rack bars 62, the said groups vbeing distributedV along the respective longitudinal row of keys. Each of theslo-ts corresponds toone of the .nine keys. In order'to assistfin the determination ot Vthe particular key co-rresponding to each of the-slots ,the reference characters@ -or the slots have been provided with the corresponding index marks 1 to 9 in the'drawing. The position` of the rack bar lillustrated in Figure :1 Vcorresponds to its -position ofrest, that is tosay to the position in which the zero.V willappear in the ywindow of the corresponding number wheel; this position will Vhe'referred vto hereinafter as the zero-positionfV In the bottomedge of vthesheet inetalfwall 32 .oppo-V site tothe upper side of the rack bar 61 nine notches or recesses b are -provided'which register exactly with the slots a` in the'zero position of the rackbar. The lower edge of the sheet metal v,partition 32 4is situateddi? i rectly above thev upperedge othefrack bar 61. The .recesses bY which are provided in the drawing with index marks Vcorrespondling tothe'slots ato indicate the keys cor-Y responding thereto7 are engaged laterallyby dogs Vor, couplingpins c (Figure 2) provided upon the lower Vends of oscillatable or rock?V ingarms cZfthe upper ends of which are pivoted `at e' to horizontalVV arms f Yrigidly r Y connectedto the key stems 21.A This kind of' connection, however, Y applies Yonly. to Ythe rocking or goscillatable 'arms corresponding Y rack bars.

ing arms corresponding to the keys 2, 5 and Y 8 are pivoted to the stems of the keys 2, 5 and 8 by means-of brackets g2, g5 and g8l respectively (Figs. V3 and4). The rigidly secured arms f oi' the keys 1, 4 and 7 and, onV the other hand, the rigid arms f of the keys 3, 6 and 9 are alternatingly arranged in dierent directions, andV they are of such length that theV particular pivoting points e1, e3, e4, e6, c7, e9 are .in substantial alignment with the pivotingpoints e2, e5, es. Vrlhe rigid 'arms f belonging to the keys .1, 3, 4,6, 7 and 9 extend through recesses or slots V70Y of the wall 32,7and projectfupon the other side of the wall32 opposite the-key stems 21, where they are Vbent toward the central key stem. Other recesses or slots 71 in the wall 32 permit the passage ofthe brackets, g carrying the rocking bars d2, Z5 and (ZS, corresponding to the keys 2, 5 and 8 respectively (compare Figure Y4). The manner of connecting the dogs or pins c to theV corresponding key stems isillustrated in Figure 3, it being lassumed thatrthe three keys 7, 3 and 9have been depressed to diffe-rent degrees. As appears from Fig-ure 1,'thekey 7 is in connection with the pin c7 which is lodged in the recess 57 at theeXtreine right of the group, whilethe pin 08 in the central recess bs is connected to the key 8,.andthe pin e9 in the recess at the extreme left of the group is connected to the key 9. Theposition of the gro-ups of slots a in the two eX- tremepositions of the rack'bar 61 issubstantially: symmetric .relatively to an imaginary vertical line to .be drawn through Vthe pivoting axis commento the three rocking arms of the respective group.' Y f Y The distance of the several slots a of each' group from each other in the form of construction herein shown in Vwhich the counting or numeral. wheels 116yhave a number Y of numberingcharactersV equal to the nurnber lof teeth of the gearV wheels 63, correllO sponds tothe pitchV of these toothed gear Y wheels or to tliepitch'ofthe rack bar 61. In the case ofV counting wheels lwith repetitions of rows ofnuinberingcharacters, Vor in Vthe case of; the insertiono'f'motion-transmitting Vgearing intermediate thefrack bar and the Acounting wheel .the distance referred to is a Vthe movements ofthe rack bar towards theV right.V i'lhese'movein'entsV of the rackV bar are efected by means of a slide member or a carriage .111 mountedinlateral guides V112 of the Vframe 113; of the machine belowv the The saidfslide niember or car-VV riageis operatedbyfineans of a pitman rod 114 from a'crank 115 which islmounted upon the driving shaft 161 of the calculating machine, and which may either be operated manually or by means of a suitable motor. Upon the carriage 111 brackets 110 the number of which corresponds to the number of the longitudinal rows of keys are provided and each of which possesses three projections or catches 18a, 18h, 18c which project between the rack bars 61 (Figure 2).

The operation of the device is as follows z` By depressing one of the keys, the key 9 for instance, against the action of the spring 35 the key remains in the depressed position, after the locking tooth 38 has been forced sideways by the pin 37, the locking tooth having again become engaged behind the pin 37 by the operation of the tension spring 41 acting upon the locking bar Upon the depression of the key 9 the corresponding coupling pinor stop c is positively moved by the actuation of the key. The said pin becomes disengaged from its recess or notch b9, and enters the opposite slot a to such an extent as to become situated in the path of movement of the catch 18e. Thus, this catch 18c upon the neXt movement of the carriage or slide member 111 which is caused by the rotation of the crank in the direction of the arrow, is adapted to 'become engaged with the coupling pin cf. By this means the carriage 111 is coupled to the rack bar 61, resulting in the rack bar being moved to the right until the pin 09 abuts against the rigid stop 15C. This eXtreme position of the rack bar 61 corresponds to the right hand dead center position of the crank 115. During this movement the rack bar 61 will have rotated the counting wheel 116 through a distance corresponding to the numerical value of the key that has been depressed, that is to say, in the particular case under consideration,` through nine points as an instance. In order to produce this result the dist-ance of the coupling pin G9 in the zero position of the rack bar 61 from the stationary stop 15',

should correspond to nine multiples of the pitch of the rack bar 61, while the distance between the catch 18C in the left hand deadcenter position of the crank from the coupling pin 09 in the zero position of the rack bar 61 should correspond to the single pitch value. As a general rule, the distance of the particular adjustable dog or pin c which is set in its position relatively to the rack bar by the depression of one ofthe keys from the corresponding stationary stop 15a, 15b and 15C respectively should be equal to a multiple of the pitch of` the gearing corresponding to the numbering character of the respective key, while, on the other hand, the distance of the lugs or catches 18a, 181 and 1SC respectively from the dogs o in their adjusted positions should correspond to a multiple of the pitch in accordance with the complement of the respective numbering character.

Upon continuing the rotation of the crank 115 the carriage 111 is returned while the rack bar 61 for the time being remains in its extreme position, until it is again withdrawn by the lug or catch 18b which, during the return movement, engages with a pin 16 laterally projecting from the rack bar. Upon reaching the zero position in which the slots a register again with the recesses b the locking bar 39 may be released by means of a suitable mechanism not shown in the drawing so that the previously depressed key 9 is free to return to its inoperative position. During this return movement the key carries the coupling pin c with it causing it to become disengaged from the slot c and to enter the opposite recess b9. 'Ihe machine will then be again restored to its normal position ready for operation. In a similar manner the stop pins corresponding to the other keys are operated.

Itis not absolutely necessary for the rack bars to be positively operated by means of the catches 18 through the medium of the carriage 111; in the practise of my invention I may also proceed to cause the movement of the rack bars by the carriage by means of yielding connecting members which may comprise for instance springs, sliding clutches or the like. In such cases the stroke ofthe carriage should preferably be larger than the distance between the two extreme positions of the rack bars, while in the case of the form of embodiment herein shown and described the stroke of the carriage is substantially equal to the distance referred to,

The division of the slots in several groups may, of course, be diii'erent from the one herein shown, but the division in three groups is preferable in view of the keys being arranged infsets of nine. Under certain conditions the division in several groups may be entirely dispensed with, and in such case thel slots would be arranged in direct succession. Such a form of construction, however, is less recommendable, because in this case the rocking arms cl which connect the stems 21 ofthe keys to the coupling pins c would have to cross each other at frequent points and would be compelled to projectexcessively and consequently must be extremely long. Furthermore than that, the angular movements imparted to the rocking arms upon the displacement of the rack bar from one extreme position into the other, would become considerably larger than heretofore shown.

I claim 1. In a calculating machine the combination of a counting mechanism, a slidable rack operatively connected to said mechanism, a stationary stop adapted to limit the movement of said rack in one direction,

depressible keys, Vcoupling members .operatively connected to said keys and engageable with said rack at different points, and

means for movingsaid rack in theone and in the other direction. Y

2. n a calculating machine the combination of` a counting mechanism, a slidable rack operatively connected to said mechanism and movable from a Zero iposition to different end positions, a stationary stop -limiting the ,movement of said rack in oneY direction, depressible keys, adjustable coupling members positively connected to said keys and engageable with said rack at points which in the zero positionV ofsaid rack are spaced from the stationary stopV in ac- Cordance with the numerical value-of said keys, andrineans for `moving said rack in the one and in the other direction. Y

3.V In a calculating machine the combination of a counting mechanism, a slidable rack operatively connected tocsaid mech- Vanism andfmovable from a Zero position to different end positions, a stationary stop limiting the movement ofV said rack in one direction, depressible keys, rocking arms pivotallyconnected lto said keys, coupling pins secured to the lower ends of said arms,

said rack having a plurality of slots engageable with said pins so as to couple them to said rack, the distances Vbetween said slots in the zero position of the rack and said stop being propcrtionalto the numerical value of the keys, and means for moving said rack in the one and in the other direction. Y Y Y Y 4. In av calculating machine the combinatioii of a counting mechanism, a slidable rack operatively connectedto said mechanism,a stationary stop limiting theinovement of said vrack in one direction,.de| 3ressiblekeys, vcoupling members operatively connected to said vkeys and engageable VWith said rack at different points, a slidermember, a. catch engageable with said coupling means,l and means to reciprocate said slide member." Y Y In a calculating machine the combinai tionoi'. a counting mechanism, a slidable rack operatively connected to said mechanisinand 'Y movable from a Zero position to different end 'positions a: stationary stop limiting the movement of said rack'in onedirection, de-VV pressible keys, adjustable coupling members operatively connected'to said keys landenageable With said 'rack at points Which in Vthe zero position of said Vrack are spaced from tl'iestationary stop in v'accordance with' thel numerical value of said keys, aVv slide member, a catch engageable With said Vcouplingimeans, the distance between the VKWorking Vfaceofsaid-catch'in the one end -po'- sition of said slide-member and the points" ,of said rack Where coupling'ofsaid couplingfmember takes place being Vproportional to the complements of :the numerical values of the respective keys; and meai'isto reciprocate said slide member.

'v6.7 ln a calculating machine the combina-- tion of counting mechanism, a slidable rack operatively connected to said mechanism, a plurality of stationary stops spaced apart from each other and each oifsaid stops engageable withV said rack upon movement thereofV in one direction, depressible keys, a plurality of groupsgof slots provided in-said rack, said groups being spaced apart from each other, the number of said groupscorresponding to the number of said stopsytlie distances of said slots in the zero position Vthereof in one direction, depressible keys,

three groups oi` slots provided in said rack l spaced apart from each other, the distances of said slotsin the Zero position ot said rack from their respective stops being-proportional to the numerical value of the respective keys, rocking yarms pivotally connected to said keys, coupling pins rigidly secured to the lower ends'rof Vsaid arms,

three groups of notches engageable with said pins inl their normal position, said notches being in .alineinentiivith said slots in the zero position of said rack, aslide member, three catches on said member, re-

spectively engageab'le. With oneV oi3 said-pins i on being Yengaged by its respective slot, and

means to reciprocate said slide member.

' 8. In a calculating machine theicombina-Y tion of a 'counting'niechanisiin a slidable rack operatively connected to said mechanism and movable from a Zero position to ditl'erentlend positions, three separately arranged stationary stops,-,each oi said stops engageable AWith said rack upon. imivenient` thereof in. one direction, depressible keys,

three groups of slots provided in said rack izoV spaced apart from'each other,the distances Y,

of saidslots inthe zero position of lsaid rackfrom their respective stops-being pro-j Vportional to the numerical value-ot the respective keys, rocking arms pivotallyV con-Y nected to said keys, coupling pins rigidly secured to tlie'lower ends of Vsaid arms, three groups ofrnotches engageable with said pins in their normal position, said notches being in alinement with said slots in the Zero position of said rack, a slide member, three catches on said member respectively engageable with one ot said pins, on being engaged by its respective slot, rigid arms extending from the outer keys of a group of keys towards the central key of the group, pivotal connection of said rigid'arms with certain of said rocking arms, the pivots of the rocking arms of said outer keys being provided at the inner ends of said rigid arms and being in their normal position substantially in axial alinement with the pivot of the rocking arm of said central key, and means to reciprocate said slide member.

9. In a calculating machine the combination fof a counting mechanism, a slidable rack operatively connected to said mechanism and movable from a zero position to different end positions, three separately arranged stationary stops, each of said stops engageable with said rack upon movement thereof in one direction, depressible keys, three groups of slots provided in said rack spaced apart from each other, the distances of said slots in the zero position of said rack from their respective stops being proportional to the numerical value of the respective keys, rocking arms pivotally connected to said keys, coupling pins rigidly secured to the lower ends of said arms, three groups of notches engageable with said pins in their normal position, said notches being in alinement with said slots in the Zero position or" said rack, a slide member, three catches on said member respectively engageable with one of said pins on being engaged by its respective slot, rigid arms extending from the outer keys of a group of ,keys towards the central key of the group, pivotal connection of said rigid arms with certain of said rocking arms, the pivots of the rocking arms of said outer keys being provided atthe inner ends of said rigid arms and being in their normal position substantially in axial alinement with the pivot of the rocking arm of said central key, a partition wall, a notched bottom section in said partition wall, guiding means on said partition wall and engageable with said keys, and means to reciprocate said slide member.

10. In a calculating machine the combination of a counting mechanism, a slidable rack operatively connected to said mechanism and movable from a zero position to different end positions, a stationary stop limiting the movement of said rack in one direction, depressible keys, rocking arms pivotally connected to said keys, coupling pins secured to thelower ends of said arms, said rack having a plurality of slots engageable with said pins so as to couple them to said rack, the distances between said slots in the Zero position of the rack and said stop being proportional to the numerical value of the keys, springs in operative engagement with said keys and retaining said coupling pins in their normal position, and means for moving said rack in the one and in the other direction.

ll. In al calculating machine the combination of a counting mechanism, a slidable rack operatively connected 'to said mechanism and movable from a zero position to different end positions, three separately arranged stationary stops, each of said stops engageable with said rack upon movement thereof in one direction, depressible keys, three groups of slots provided in said rack spaced apart from each other, the distances of said slots in the zero position of said rack from their respective stops being proportional to the numerical value of the respective keys, rocking arms pivotally connected to said keys, coupling pins rigidly secured to the lower ends of said arms, three groups of notches engageable with said pins in their normal position, said notches being in alinement with said slots in the zero positionof said rack, a slide member, three catches on said member, respectively engageable with one of said pins on being engaged by its'respective slot, an abutment on said rack engageable with one of said catchesv upon the return movement of the rack, and means to reciprocate said slide member.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

PAUL REISS. Witnesses:

RUDOLF BRIMLINK, BRUNO GEBINSKI.

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