US1488422A - Condenser - Google Patents

Description

March 25 1924.

A. K. WHITELAW coNDENsER Filed Feb. 16 1922 un? Il o .IllJllllllllI-Ill!" WIM/8858 A TTORNEYS ARTHUR K. WHITELAW, F LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNO-R TO STADARJ OL y, COMPANY 0F KENTUKY, GIE LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY, A. CORPORATION 0F KEN- TUCKY.

CGN'BENSER.

application filed February 16, 1922. Serial No. 536,993.

.. and particularly over Vmy Patent No.

1,237,848, dated August 21, 1917.

The general object of this invention-is the provision ofl a condenser for use with a still used in the destructive distillation of crude oils in order to obtain hydrocarbon products of a low boiling point, provided with means for utilizing the, crude oil to control the temperature of the vapors passino' from the still to condense the undesirabile high boiling point hydrocarbon fractions and return them to the still, and condensing means for acting upon the high boiling point hydrocarbon fractions not afected by the said condensing means to further eliminate. the high boiling point hydrocarbons contained in the vapors coming; from the still. y A further object is the provision of a condenser for use with a still used for the destructive distillation of crude hydrocarbon oils .provided with means for insulating the vapors from atmospheric control and -providing means for controlling the tempern ature of the vapors.

With the above and other objects in view, the nature of which will more fully appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in .the novel construction, combination and arran ment of parts as herein fully 'describedE illustrated and claimed.

In theaccompanying drawings showing l a practical embodiment of this invention T coiis 14.

and forming part of the application' Figure 1 is a vertical section through the condenser, showing it connected to the still and cooling coiis; f

Figure 2 is a cross 2 2, Figure 1. A

Referring 'to the aboveunentioned drawings, the condenser assemblage 10 is shown connected by means or" the pipe 11 to the still 12 and by the pipe 13 to the cooling' pipe 11 is provided to consection along the line vey 'vapors from the still 12 to the condenser and liquid from the'condenser to the still. The pipe 13 serves to convey the vapors from the condenser to the cooling coil l14, and a valve 15 associated with the pipe 13- for controlling the flow of these vapors.

The condenser assemblage 10 is constructed. as follows: Two cylindrical casings 16 and'17 of different cross sectional area.

'and length are provided, and the cylindrical casing 17 is supported concentric with the casing 16 by of a plate 18 mounted..

in the latter. The plate 18 is spaced a distance from t-hc head 19 which closes the lower end of the casing 1G thus "forming a chamber 20 between the plate 18 and the head 19. The area between the cas'ngs 16 and 17 is closed at the bottoni by t-e plate 18 forming a chamber 21 open at the top. Perforations 22 are provided in that portion of the plate directly in linevvith the casing 17. A plurality of plates 23l having openifs 24 extending through their .centers are mounted in the casing 17 so that the openings are '-f ,so

concentric with the casing: Open frameworks 26 are mounted on the plates 23 to support plates 25 spacedabove the openin 24. These plates are slightly smaller 1nl diameter than the diameter of the casing 17 and together with the plates 23 form a balding means for delaying the progress of the vapors through the casing 17.

Mounted on the upper end of the cylindrical casing 1G isa head 31 through which the pipe 13 projects in order to communicate with the condenser 10. plurality of plat-es l 27 which have openings 30 concentric with v them and extending therethrough mounted `in the cylindrical casing 16 between the top of the' cylindrical casing 17 and the head 31. Frames 28 are mounted on the plates 27 and support plates 29concentric with the plates 27. These plates sup-" ported in the casing 16 Yform a condensing means which acts upon the hydrocarbon fractions having a high boiling point that pass through the cylindrical casing 17.

A pipe 32 extends through the casing 16 are into the chamber 21 and serves as a means* Afor feeding the crude oil into said condenser. manually operated valve 33 for control- /linn the flow of the liquid into the chamber and a cimeli valve 34 for preventing the loW o the liquid out of the chamber are posiv4uonool `in the pipe 32. A. pipe 35 which ex boiling point pass are conveyed to the cooling tubes 111.

into the chamber 21.

means for pumping tends through the casing 16 has a valve 36 mounted therein and this pipe serves as a liquid out of the chamber 21. h

The operation of the condenser is as follows: A quantityot the crude oil or distillate is fed into the still 12 and the latter put into operation.. Vapor containing high and low boiling point hydrocarbons passes from the still 12 through the tube 11 into the chamber 2O of the condenser. From 'the chamber-20 the vapor passes up through the ballling means in the cylindricalv casing 17, the baille plates serving to continually force the vapor outward towards the wall of the casing. As the vapors cylindrical casing 17 crude oil is fed through pipe 32 into the chamber 21 until it floods the chamber, ilowing over the upper end of the casing 17. This crude oil thus forms a seal or an insulation about the casing 17, serving to protect mospheric temperature and also absorbing a saine. The decrease in temperature caused by the crude oil condenses'tlie hydrocarbon fractions having a high boiling point and are carried by the oil down through the casing 17 to the pipe 11 and into the still 12 Where-they are further treated. The hydrocarbon fractions that pass through the cylindrical casing 17 are finally acted upon by the plates .mounted in the top ot the casi-ngr 16 and those that are condensed are also returned to the oil being fed into the still through the casing 17. The vapor which includes the hydrocarbon fractions of a lower on up into the top of the casing 16 and finally into the pipe 13 and valve SiS-provides a means for controlling the flow of crude oil into the chamber 2l and thus the temperature may be regulated by controlling `the volume of oil that passes The check valve 34 prevents the oil from backing up from the chamber 21 into the pipe 32.

The heat absorbed from' the vapor by the crude hydrocarbon oil being ed into the still raises the temperature of the said oil to a degree suliicient to vapoiize the hydrocarbons having a low boiling point and which are the hydrocarbon fractions it is desired to obtain. The vapor which carries the hydrocarbon fractions having a low boiling point are conveyed to the' cooling tubes 1li where the vapor is then condensed.

lwould state in conclusion that `while the illustrated example constitutesv a practical embodiment of my invention l do not limit myself strictly to the exactdetails 'herein illustrated since manifestly seine can be pass up through the The.

meshes varied without departing from supporting the inner casing concentric with tlie'outer casing with its ends spaced a distance from the ends of the latte-n and 'for closing the area between the lower end of the inner casing and the wall of the outer casing, baffling means mounted in the outer casing and positioned above the inner casing, ineansvfor conveying liquid into the outer casing to flood the inner casing, vapor inlet and liquid outlet means connected with the lower end of the outer casing and vapor loutlet means leading from the upper end of the outer casing. it from changes of ati '2. A condenser of the class described for use in the distillation of crude oils, compriscertain amount of the heat from the vapor. The crude Oil lows down over the plates 25 and 23 and is mixed with the vapor in such a manner as to absorb more heat from the ing two casings of similar shape but different cross sectional area and length, supporting means mounted in the largerv casing spaced a4 distance from the bottom and na-ving perforations extending therethrough for supporting the smaller casing concentric with the `larger casing's'o that the ends of the former` terminate a distance 'from the ends of the latter, said supporting means serving toclose the area between the lo'wer end of' the smaller casing and the wall oit the larger casing to form achamber therebetween balliii'iw means inountednin 'the 1 n *l condensing means mountedsinaller casing, in tlie larger casing and positioned above the smaller casing to 3o-operate with the baffling ine-ans located in the latter,.oil feeding` means connected with the outer casing to feed oil into said clianiber formed between the two casings to flood the chamber and feedthe smaller casing, liquid outlet and vapor inlet means connected with the lower end of the larger casingy and vapor outlet l means 'for conveying the unccndensed vapor from the outer casing.

l. A condenser 'of the class described for I use in the distillation of oil, comprising two casings of similar shape but different Proza-i sectional area and length, means 'fr ntingr the smaller casing concentric larger casing with their ends spaced. from one another, and so as to form a chamber between the easings which is. closed at its lower end, bafiiing means located in the smaller casing, and condensingv means mounted. in the. larger casing positioned above the bathingv means mounted inthe smaller casing. 'means tor conveying crude oil into the chamber between the casings t0 iiood the same and form an insulatin layer about the inner casing and to feed oi. to the same, vapor inletvand liquid outlet prising two cylindrical casin 10 cross sectional area and le I means connected to the lower end of the outer casing to convey away the liquid pass ing downward through the smaller basing, and means connected to. the upper end et the buter casing for conveying away the condensed vapor. v

4. A condenser of the class described foi use in the distillation of crude oils, com:

of different a plate hav- 'ing perforations extending through its center mounted in the larger cylindrical casl ing spaced a distance from the lower end and supporting 'the smaller cylindrical' casing l5 concentric with thellarger cylindrical casing and closing the space between the two cylindrical casings to forma chamber open' at the upper end of the smaller cylindrical Y casing, a plurality of plates having openin 20 extending through-'their centers mounted 1nthe smaller cylindrical casing, a baille plate supported above each opening for forcing vapor passing through said openings against the casing wall, condensing means positioned in the larger casing above the smaller casing,

and means for conveying crude oilinto the chamber between the casings to forman insulating medium between the inner casing f and the atmosphere and to flood the'chamber f' to feed oil into the smaller cylindrical caslcasing forming a chamber between them` from which the inner casing may be flooded, a pluralitv of baille members-'mounted in the inner casing obstructing the passage there@ through, and a plurality of baille members mounted in the outer casing above the inner casing, obstructing the passage out Aof the outer casing.

i ARTHUR=K. WHITELAW.

- a vmain I

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