US1486027A - Elevator safety device - Google Patents

Elevator safety device Download PDF

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US1486027A
US1486027A US1486027DA US1486027A US 1486027 A US1486027 A US 1486027A US 1486027D A US1486027D A US 1486027DA US 1486027 A US1486027 A US 1486027A
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shaft
elevator
elevator car
drum
pulley
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B13/00—Doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages or lift well landings
    • B66B13/02—Door or gate operation
    • B66B13/14—Control systems or devices
    • B66B13/16—Door or gate locking devices controlled or primarily controlled by condition of cage, e.g. movement or position
    • B66B13/18—Door or gate locking devices controlled or primarily controlled by condition of cage, e.g. movement or position without manually-operable devices for completing locking or unlocking of doors

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  • This invention relates to elevators and more particularly to a safety appliance therefor and the primary object of the invention is to provide an automatic means for stopping the elevator when persons or objects are in the path of the elevator when standing near the elevator shaft or hoistway or when persons or objects on the elevator or car project beyond the platform of the car and inwardly of the floor through which the elevator shaft or hoistway passes.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an automatic safety device for elevators embodying pivoted guard members carried by the elevator car and by the floors through which the elevator shaft or hoistway passes for operating the elevator stop mechanism, when the said guards are actuated by persons or objects coming into contact therewith.
  • A. further object of the invention is to provide novel means for normally holding the guards in operative position, and novel means for closing a circuit by said guards when the same are actuated.
  • it further object of the invention is to provide novel means controlled by the circuit for actuating the ordinary stop mechanism of the car when the said guards are actuated for automatically stopping the movement of the elevator car.
  • a further object of the invention is the provision of novel means for actuating the belt shifter of the controlling mechanism of the elevator car. said means being so constructed as to actuate the belt shifter irrespective of the direction of the elevator car.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide an improved automatic safety stop for elevators of the above character, which will be durable and efficient in use, and which. can be incorporated with an ordinary elevator without change in the construction thereof.
  • the invention consists in the novel construction
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through an elevator shaft or hoistway and car, showing the improved stop mechanism incorporated therewith.
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view partly in section of the operating mechanism for actuating the bolt shifter of the elevator control mechanism.
  • Figure 3 is a side elevation of the operating; mechanism for the belt shifter of the elevator control mechanism.
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through the operating mechanism taken on the line l4-. of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows;
  • Figure 5 is a transverse cross sectional view. taken on the line of Figure 2 of the drawings, looking in the direction ofthe arrows.
  • Figure 6 is a detail longitudinal sectional view through the mechanism utilized for conveying the current from the elevator car circuit closers to the operating magnet for actuating the operating mechanism.
  • Figure 7 is a detail transverse section, taken on the line 77 of Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged detail section, taken on the line 88'of Figure 2, illustrating one of the guides for one of the stop rods of the operating mechanism.
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged perspective View of one of theguard members carried by the elevator car showing the circuit closer carried. thereby.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged detail perspective view of one of the members utilized for holding the guard members in their operative positions.
  • Figure 11 is a diagrammatic view of the wiring circuit showing the operating magnets incorporated therewith.
  • the letter A indicates the improved elevator safety device incorporated with an elevator B which operates in the elevator shaft or hoist. way C.
  • the elevator car B is of the type generally used in commercial houses for carry is 1 ,4se,c27
  • the same may be of any type, and as shown the same includes the platform 10, the side standards 11, and the con necting cross beam and supporting standard 12, to which is secured in any preferred manner the hoist cable 13.
  • the hoist cable is adapted to be wound upon the hoist drum 14 and suitable guide pulleys 15' can be utilized for guiding the hoist cable to said drum.
  • the elevator hoistway or shaft C extends through any number of the floors D of a building in which the elevator is placed and the shaft or hoistway is pro *ided at opposite sides with the guide rails or posts 16.
  • the movement of the elevator car B is controlled in the ordinary manner by the usual hand rope 17, which as shown is of the endless type having its terminals trained about suitable guide pulleys 18, which may be located at the terminals of the elevator shaft or hoistway.
  • the hand rope 17 is operatively connected, as at 19, to the operatine' pulley 20, which controls the operation of the belt shifting apparatus for controlling the movement of the winding drum 14.
  • the winding drum 14 is keyed or otherwise secured upon a suitable shaft 21, which can be mounted in suitable bearings 22 carried by a suitable frame work 23, which can be supported in any preferred manner and arranged at any preferred point in the building in which the elevator operates.
  • the winding drum 14 and cooperating parts are either located above the elevator shaft in the top of the building or at the bottom of the elevator shaft in the cellar of the building.
  • the drum 14 and cooperating mechanism are located in the basement or cellar of the building.
  • the shaft 21 of the drum 14 has keyed or otherwise secured to one terminal thereof the worm wl eel 24, which has meshing therewith a worm 25, which is keyed or otherwise secured to the pulley drive shaft 26.
  • This shaft 26 is also mounted in suitable bearings 27 supported by the frame work 23 heretobefore mentioned.
  • the frame work 23 can of course, be constructed in any preferred manner which is best suited for the building with which the elevator is associated, and for supporting the various parts of the safety mechanism and the elevator control mechanism.
  • the shaft 26 has mounted thereon the relatively wide idle pulleys 28 and 29 and the intermediate relatively narrow drive pulley 30, which is keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft 26.
  • the idle pulleys 28 and 29 have trained thereabout the drive belts 31 and 32, the belt 31 being of the straight type, while the belt 32 is of the crossed type. It is obvious that when either one of the belts 31 and 32 are shifted onto the drive pulley 30, the winding drum for the hoist cable 13 will be operated in one direction or the other according to which belt has been shifted on the drive pulley 30.
  • the belt 31 is adapted to rotate the winding drum or windlass 14 in such direction as to raise the elevator car while the drive belt 32 is adapted to rotate the Winding drum or windlass 14 in a reverse direction for lowering the elevator car.
  • belts 31 and 32 are driven from any suitable power source (not shown in the drawings).
  • the belts 31 and 32 are shifted by a common belt shifter rod 33, which is slidably mounted in suitable guides 34 carried by the frame work 23.
  • This belt shifter rod 33 is provided with depending spaced pairs of fingers 35 and 36, for engaging the opposite sides of the drive'belts 31 and 32.
  • the inner end of the belt shifter rod 33 is provided with a yoke 37 which receives the actuating pins 38 mounted upon the belt shifter pulley 39, which is loosely mounted upon the shaft 21.
  • a counter shaft 40 is disposed in spaced parallel relation to the shaft 21, and extends beyond the terminals of the shaft 21 as can be clearly seen by referring to Figure 2 of the drawings.
  • This shaft 40 has keyed thereto a drive pulley 41, which is in alignment with the belt shifter pulley 39 t and these pulleys 39 and 41 are oper a ively connected by a drive belt 42.
  • the operating pulley 20 to which the hand rope 17 is attached is also keyed to , a suitable shaft 43, which can be mounted in suitable bearings 44.
  • the shaft 43 has also keyed thereto a pulley 44 which is in alignment with a second pulley 45 which is keyed to the shaft 40.
  • These pulleys 44 and 43 are operatively connected by means of a pulley belt 46.
  • the run 17 of the hand rope 17, which is generally disposed within the plane of the car, is pulled down for causing the elevator car to ascend.
  • the pulling down on the run 17 of the cable or hand rope 17 causes the operating pulley 20 to move in a counterclockwise direction, which, through the medium of the pulleys 44, 45, belt 46, shaft 40, pulley 41 and belt 42 rotates the shifting pulley in a counter clockwise direction. which pulls on the shifter rod 33 and moves the drive belt 31 onto the drive pulley 30 and the crossed drive belt 32 further on the idle pulley 29.
  • the run 17 of the hand rope 17 is pulled up when the elevator car is to go down, which will rotate the operating pulley 20 in a clockwise direction and the shifter pulley 39 in a clockwise direction which will push out on the shifter rod 33 and move the drivebelt 32 on to the drive pulley 30 and push means? the belt 31 further over on the idle pulley 28, which will cause the winding drum 13 to rotate in a counter clockwise direction through the medium of the worm and worm wheel 24-.
  • T he safety mechanism is operatively connectcd to the counter shaft 410 as will be hereinafter more fully described.
  • the improved safety device A includes a pair of guards E carried by the elevator car .13 for protecting persons standing near the elevator shaft or hoistway C when the elevator car is going down and pairs of guards I! carried by the floors D of the r building for protecting persons standing on the ele ator car B when the elevator car is going up. It is obvious that the guards will be actuated when persons or objects are in the path of the guards E and F.
  • the guards E are adapted to actuate circuit closers G while the guards F are adapted to actuate circuit closers H.
  • the closing of the circuit closers G and H control the energizing of electromagnets I and K which form the means for setting in operation the operating means L and M for controlling the movement of the shaft for actuating the shifter rod 33.
  • the guards E are of novel construction and consist of upper and lower rods and 51, which are connected by arcuate guard rods 52. These guard rods 52 are braced. by an intermediate brace rod 5 3.
  • the terminals of the rod 50 extend beyond the endmost guard rods 52 and are suitably mounted within bearings 54:, which are secured in any preferred manner to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the elevator car.
  • the guards E are so disposed that the guard rods 52 will extend inwardly, and in order to prevent the outward swingin of the guards E, beyond the side edges of the elevator car, stops are provided. These stops 55 are in the nature of outwardly extending arms which are secured as at 56 to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the elevator car B.
  • the outer terminals of the stops are provided with hooked ends 57 which are adapted to en gage one of the guard rods 52 of each guard member and prevent outward swinging movement of the guard member.
  • the pairs of guard members F are constructed exactly like the guard members E and they are so arranged that the guard arms 52 thereof will curve outwardly away from the elevator shaft or hoistway C.
  • the guards F are rotatably secured to suitable bearings 58 which are secured in any preferred manner to the floors D of the building adjacent to the elevator shaft or hoistway O.
  • Stops 59 provided for preventing outward swinging movement of the guards F into the shaft or hoistway and these arms are secured as at 60 to the floors D.
  • These stops 59 are constructed exactly like the stops 55 and a detailed description thereof is not neccessary.
  • the circuit closers Gr which are actuated by the guards E are constructed the same and there is one circuit closer (i for each guard E and each of the same include a stationary contact 61 which provided with an attachingfoot 62, which is secured to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the car.
  • the stationary contact 61 is provided with a depending contact arm 63.
  • the movable portion of the circuit closer consists of an inwardly extending arm 6%- which has its outer end provided with a right angularly extending attaching foot 65. which is bifurcated as at 66 to receive the guard rods 52 and suitable screws 67 are utilized for connecting the movable member 64 in place.
  • the circuit closers H are exact duplicates of the circuit closers G and also include stationary contacts 68 which are secured to the floors D of the building and movable portions 69 which are secured to the guards F.
  • stationary contacts 68 which are secured to the floors D of the building
  • movable portions 69 which are secured to the guards F.
  • the electromagnets I and K are adapted to be energized respectively when the switches or circuit closers- G and H are actuated, and these electromagnets are of the same construction and are secured in any "preferred manner to the frame work 23 as at 70.
  • a pair of lead wires 71 and 72 are provided which may lead from any suitable source of electrical energy.
  • the wire 72 is connected to one terminal of each of the magnets I and K as can he clearly seen by referring to Figure 11.-
  • the stationary contacts 61 are electrically connected to a wire 73, while the movable contacts are connected to a wire 74:, and these wires are led into a suitable cahle '75 from the platform 10 of the elevator car and a guide or support 76 can be provided for the cable. In order to take the.
  • a suitable winding drum 77 is provided therefor whichis keyed or otherwise secured to a driven shaft 7 8. which is mounted in suitable bearings 7 9 which can be secured to a suitable support in any preferred manner.
  • This shaft- 78 is driven from the shaft 21 of the winding drum 14: by means of a counter shaft 80. This shaft is operatively connected to the drum winding shaft 21 by means of bevelled gearing 82.
  • counter shaft 80 is connected with the driving shaft 78 by suitable bevelled gearing 83.
  • This shaft 80 is mounted in any suitable manner.
  • a thurst bearing 84 being provided for the lower end thereof.
  • Secured to the driven shaft 78 adjacent to the drum 77 is disposed a pair of spaced wheels 85 and 86 which have the body portions thereof formed of insulation and their periphcries provided with metallic electricity conducting bands 87 and 88.
  • the wires 7 3 and 7 4 leading from the cable 7 5 about the drum are electrically connected respectively to the peripheries 87 and 88 of the wheels 85 and 86.
  • the wheels of course rotate in unison with the drum 77.
  • One of the bearings 79 supports a suitable bracket 89 which pivotally supports a pair of brush holders 90 and 91 which carry brushes 92 and 98 which engage the peripheries of the wheels 85 and 86.
  • the brushes 92 and 98 have connected respectively thereto a wire 9% and the lead wire 71.
  • the wire 941 is connected to the opposite terminal of the electromagnet I from which the lead wire 72 is connected.
  • the lead wire 71 has connected thereto a lead wire 95 which is electrically connected to the movable portions 69 of the circuit closers H.
  • the stationary portions 68 of the circuit closers are connected to a wire 96, which leads to the opposite terminal of the elcctromagnet K from the terminal to which the lead wire 72 is attached.
  • the operating mechanisms L and M for automatically operating the shaft l0 when the electromagnets T and K are energized, are of similar construction and the same include idle wheels 97 and 98 which are rotatably mounted upon the shaft 40. Adjacent to the Wheels 97 and 98 are disposed 1 ,esaoav ratchet wheels 99 and 100, which are keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft 410. These ratchet wheels 99 and 100 are of the same construction with the exception that the teeth extend in opposite directions.
  • the idle wheels 97 and 98 have pivotally secured thereto dogs 101 and 102.
  • the dogs are also disposed in opposite relation so as to permit the same to engage the oppositely extending teeth of the ratchet wheels 99 and 100.
  • the dogs 101 and 102 are normally urged into engagement with the ratchet wheels by means of contractile coil springs 103.
  • These rods 108 and 109 have their outer terminals slidably mounted in eyes 110 which are swivelly secured in place as at 111 to the framing 23. Stop collars are slidably mounted upon the stop members 108 and 109 on each side of the guide eyes 110 and these collars are held in adjusted or set position by suitable machine screws or keys.
  • the inner ends of the guide rods 108 and 109 are provided with arcuate extension 113 and 114 respectively and these arcuate terminals are pivoted as at 115 and 116 to the outer wheels 97 and 98 as clearly shown in Figures 3 and 1 of the drawings.
  • the idle wheels 97 and 98 are in the nature of drums or pulleys and have wound about the same cables 117 and 118.
  • the lower terminals 117 and 118 are provided with weights 119 and 120. These weights 119 and 120 normally tend to rotate the idle wheels or pulleys 97 and 98 and as the cables 117 and 118 are disposed on opposite sides of the shaft 10 and are wound in opposite directions upon the idle wheels or drums 97 and 98, they tend to rotate the shaft in opposite directions. weight 119 and the cable 117 tends to rotate the drum or idle wheel 97 in a counter clockwise direction, while the weight 120 and the cable 118 tends to rotate the idle wheel or drum 98 in a clockwise direction.
  • detents or dogs 121 and 122 are provided respectively.
  • the dog or detent 121 is provided for the idle wheel or drum 97 and Thus the 1 leece? the belt 31. further over on the idle pulley 28, which will cause the winding drum 13 to rotate in a counter clockwise direction through the medium of the worm and worm wheel 2
  • the safety mechanism is operatively connected to the counter shaft as will be hereinafter more fully described.
  • the improved safety device A includes a pair of guards E carried by the elevator car P) for protecting persons standing near the elevator shaft or hoistway C when the elevator car is going down and pairs of guards F carried by the floors D of the building for protecting persons standing on the elevator car '13 when the elevator car is going up. It is obvious that the guards will be actuated when persons or objects are in the path of the guards E and F.
  • the guards E are adapted to actuate circuit closers G while the guards F are adapted to actuate circuit closers H.
  • the closing of the circuit closers G and H control the energizing of electromagnets I and K which form the means for setting in operation the operating means L and M for controlling the movement of the shaft 40 for actuating the shifter rod 33.
  • the guards E are of novel construction and consist of upper and lower rods and 51, which are connected by ar cuate guard rods 52. These guard rods 52 are braced by an intermediate brace rod 53.
  • the terminals of the rod 50 extend beyond the endmost guard rods 52 and are suitably mounted within bearings 54, which are secured in any preferred manner to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the elevator car.
  • the guards E are so disposed that the guard rods 52 will extend inwardly, and in order to prevent the outward swinging of the guards E, beyond the side edges of the elevator car stops are provided.
  • These stops 55 are in the nature of outwardly extending arms which are secured as at 56 to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the elevator car B.
  • the outer terminals of the stops 55 are provided with hooked ends 57 which are adapted to engage one of the guard rods 52 of each guard member and prevent outward swinging movement of the guard member.
  • the pairs of guard members F are constructed exactly like the guard members E and they are so arranged that the guard arms 52 thereof will curve outwardly away from the elevator shaft or hoist-way
  • the guards F are rotatably secured to suitable bearings 58 which are secured in any preferred manner to the floors D of the building adjacent to the elevator shaft or hoistway C.
  • Stops 59 are provided for preventing outward swinging movementof the guards E into the shaft or hoistway and these arms are secured as at 60 to the floors D.
  • These steps 59 are constructed exactly like the stops 55 and a detailed description thereof is not neccessary.
  • the circuit closers G which are actuated by the guards E are constructed the same and there is one circuit closer G for each guard E and each of the same include a stationary contact 61, which is provided with an attaching foot 62, which is secured to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the car
  • the stationary contact 61 is provided with a depending contact arm 63.
  • the movable portion of the circuit closer consists of an inwardly extending arm 64;- which has its outer end provided with a right a-ngularly extending attaching foot 65, which is bifurcated as at 66 to receive the guard rods 52 and suitable screws 67 are utilized. for connecting the movable member Get in place.
  • the circuit closers H are exact duplicates of the circuit closers G and also include stationary contacts 68 which are secured to the floors D of the building and movable portions 69 which are secured to the guards F.
  • stationary contacts 68 which are secured to the floors D of the building
  • movable portions 69 which are secured to the guards F.
  • the electromagnets I and K are adapted to be energized respectively when the switches or circuit closer G and H are actuated, and these electromagnets are of the same construction and are secured in any preferred manner tothe frame work 28 as at 70.
  • a pair of lead wires 71 and 72 are provided which may lead from any suitable source of electrical energy.
  • the wire 72 is connected to one terminal of ea h of the magnets I and K as can be clearly seen by referring to Figure 11.
  • the stationary contacts 61 are electrically connected to a wire 73 while the movable contacts are connected to a wire 74-. and these wires are led into a suitable cable 75 from the platform 10 of the elevator car and a guide or support 76 can be provided for the cable.
  • a suitable winding drum 77 is provided therefor which keyed or otherwise secured to a driven shaft 78. which is mounted in suitable bearings 7 9, which can be secured to a' suitable support in any preterred manner.
  • This shaft 78 is driven from the shaft 21 to the driven shat 78 adjacent to the drum 77 is disposed a pair or" spaced wheels 85 and 86 which have the body portions thereof formed of insulation and their periphcries provided with metallic electricity conducting bands 87 and 88.
  • the wires 73 and 7 1 leading from the cable 7 about the drum are electrically connected respectively to the peripheries 87 and 88 or" the wheels 85 and 86.
  • the wheels rotate in unison with the drum 77.
  • One of the bearings 79 supports a suitable bracket 89 which pivotally supports pair of brush holders 90 and 91 which carry brushes 92 and 93 which engage the peripheries of the wheels 85 and 86.
  • the brushes 92 and 93 have connected respectively thereto wire 9 1 and the lead wire 71.
  • the wire 94 is connected to the opposite terminal of the electromagnet I from which the lead wire 72 is con nected.
  • the lead wire 71 has connected thereto a lead wire 95 which is electrically connected to the movable portions 69 of the circuit closers H.
  • the stationary portions 68 of the circuit closers are connected to a wire 96, which leads to the opposite terminal of the electrom agnet K from the terminal to which the lead wire 72 is attached.
  • the operating mechanisms L and M for automatically operating the shaft when the electromagnets I and K are energized, are of similar construction and the same include idle wheels 97 and 98 which are rotatably mounted upon the shaft 10. Adjacent to the wheels 97 and 98 are disposed weeps? ratchet wheels 99 and 100, which are keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft 10. These ratchet wheels 99 and 100 are of the same construction with the exception that the teeth extend in opposite directions.
  • the idle wheels 97 and 98 have pivotally secured thereto dogs 101 and 102.
  • the dogs are also disposed in opposite relation so as to permit the same to engage the oppositely extending teeth of the ratchet wheels 99 and 100.
  • the dogs 101 and 102 are normally ur ed into engagement with the ratchet wheels by means of contractile coil springs 103.
  • These rods 108 and 109 have their outer terminals slidably mounted in eyes 110 which are swivelly secured in place as at 111 to the framing 23. Stop collars are slidably mounted upon the stop members 108 and 109 on each side of the guide eyes 110 and these collars are held in adjusted or set position by suitable machine screws or keys.
  • the inner ends of the guide rods 108 and 109 are provided with arcuate extension 113 and 114 respectively and these arcuate terminals are pivoted as at 115 and 116 to the outer wheels 97 and 98 as clearly shown in Figures 3 and 41 of the drawings.
  • the idle wheels 97 and 98 are in the nature of drums or pulle s and have wound about the same cables 117 and 118.
  • the lower terminals 117 and 118 are provided with weights 119 and 120. These weights 119 and 120 normally tend to rotate the idle wheels or pulleys 97 and 98 and as the cables 117 and 118 are disposed on opposite sides of the shaft 10 and are wound in 0pposite directions upon the idle wheels or drums 97 and 98, they tend to rotate the shaft in opposite directions. Thus the weight 119 and the cable 117 tends to rotate the drum or idle wheel 97 in a counter clockwise direction, while the weight 120 and the cable 118 tends to rotate the idle wheel or drum 98 in a clockwise direction.
  • detents or dogs 121 and 122 are provided respectively.
  • the dog or detent 121 is provided for the idle wheel or drum 97 and recaps? is adapted to engage a radially extending lug 123 formed thereon. This lug is adapted to be engaged by the tooth 12 1 of the dog or detent 121.
  • the dog or detent 122 is provided for the idle wheel or drum 98 which is provided with a radially extending lug 125, that is adapted to be normally engaged by the forward end of the said dog or detent, which as stated, prevents the rotation thereof under the influence of the Weight 120 and cable 118.
  • the dogs or detents 121 and 122 are pivotally secured intermediate their ends to brackets 126 and 127 respectively. These dogs or detents 121 and 122 are adapted to be actuated for moving the active ends thereof out of engagement with the radially extending lugs 123 and 125 by means of pivoted weighted levers 128 and 129, which are pivoted respectively to the depending brackets 126 and 127, which are supported by the frame work 23.
  • the weighted ends of the levers 128 and 129 are disposed outermost and are normally adapted to be held in a raised position out of engagement with the dogs or detents 121 and 122 by means of pivoted latches 130 and 131.
  • latches 130 and 131 are pivotally secured intermediate their ends' by means of pivot pins 132. These latches 130 and 131 are normally urged into the path of the weighted levers 128 and 129 by means of con tractile coil springs 133, which are secured to the lower ends of the latches and to a suitable portion of the frame work.
  • Sliding rods 136 and 137 are provided for actuating the latches 130 and 131, and these rods are mounted in suitable guides carried by the framing 23.
  • the rods 136 and 137 are normally urged away from the latches 130 and 131 by means of expansion springs 138 which are coiled about said sliding rods. Inward movement of the rods 136 and 138 under influence of the springs 130 may be limited by suitable stop pins 139.
  • the electromagnets I and K are provided with armatures 1 10 and 1 11 respectively, which are secured in place by suitable pivot pins 142, which permit the rocking thereof upon the energizing of their respective magnets. Now, when the magnets l and K are energized, their armatures will be drawn inwardly and will push inwardly on the sliding rods 136 and 137 against the tension of their springs and rock the latches 131 which will permit the dropping of the weighted levers 128 and 129 as heretobefore explained.
  • the dog 102 will ride off of the track 105 and engage the ratchet wheel 100 and thus turn the shaft 40 in a clockwise direction.
  • the turning of the shaft 40 in a clockwise direction will, through the medium of the belt 42, rotate the shift pulley 39 in a clockwise direction.
  • the rotation of the shifter pulley 39 in a clockwise direction will shift the shifter rod 33 outwardly, thus moving the belt 31 from off of the drive pulley 30 onto its idle pulley 28, and bring the elevator to a stop.
  • the circuit closers G When the elevator car is descending, and the guards E are pushed inwardly by persons or objects standing near the elevator shaft or hoistway C, the circuit closers G will be actuated and the circuit closed through the electromagnet I as heretobefore described, which will draw over its armature 140 and push in the sliding rod 136 which will actuate the latch 130.
  • the latch 130 will release the weighted lever 128 which will operate the detent or dog 121 as heretobefore described, thus permitting free movement of the idle wheel or drum 97 under the influence of the weight 119.
  • the idle wheel or drum 97 will rotate in a counter clockwise direction, and after the same has rotated a predetermined distance, the pawl or dog 101 will ride off of its guide track 10 1 and will engage the ratchet wheel 99 and cause the shaft 40 to rotate in a counter clockwise direction.
  • a drum for raising and lowering the elevator car means for actuating the drum including a drive pulley operatively connected thereto, a pair of drive belts for driving the guide pulley in opposite directions, means for moving the drive belts on and ofi the drive pulley, of a safety appliance for the elevator including guard members carried by the elevator car adjacent to the opposite sides thereof and the sides of the hoistway, a pair of electromagnets, circuit closers for controlling the energizing of the magnets and having stationary contacts and movable contacts carried by the guards and moved into engagement with the stationary contacts when the guards are actuated by persons or objects coming into contact therewith, and means controlled by the electromagnets for operating the belt moving means.
  • a drum for raising and lowering the elevator car means for operating said drum including a drive pulley operatively connected to the drum, and a pair of drive belts normally disposed on opposite sides of the drive pulley for operating the drive pulley in different directions, belt shifting means for moving either one of the belts on and off of the drive pulley, of a safety appliance for the elevator including circuit closers carried by the elevator car and by the sides of the hoistway, means for operating the circuit closers carried by the elevator car and' hoistway, a pair of electromagnets, th energizing of which is controlled by the circuitclosers, a shaft, means for operating the shaft in one direction, means for rotating the shaft in the opposite direction, means operatively connecting the shaft with the belt shifting means, and means controlled by the electromagnets for preventing operation of said shaft rotating means.
  • a Winding drum for raising and lowering said elevator car, operating mechanism for said drum including a drive pulley operatively connected thereto, a pair of drive belts for driving the pulley in opposite directions, a sliding belt shifting rod for shifting the belts on and off said drive pulley, an operating pulley, operating pins carried by on side face of the operating pulley, a yoke carried by said belt shifter rod receiving said pins, a counter shaft, means operatively connecting the counter shaft with said operating pulley, a control hand rope for the elevator car, means operatively connecting said control rope With the counter shaft, of a sa iety mechanism for the car includingpivoted guard members carried by the car and by the sides of the hoists "2y, pair of idle drums rotatably mounted upon the counter shaft, means nornally tending to rotate the drums in opposite directions, oppositely disposed ratchet Wheels keyed to said counter shaft adjacent to said drums
  • a safety mechanism including a pair of pivoted guards carried by the elevator car and pairs of pivoted guards carried by the hoistivay, a pair of electromagneiis, circuit closers carried by the car for -:-ontri,illing the energizing of one magnet, circuit closers carried y the hoistway controlling the energizing of the other magnet, the circuit closers being adapted to be moved to a closed position upon actuating of said guards, a pair of independent drums r0- tatably mounted upon said shaft, means including Weights for rotating the drums in opposite directions, adjustable means for limiting the movement of the drums, ratchet and pawl mechanism for operatively con necting the drums with the shaft, and pivoted latches controlled by said electromagnets normally engaging said drums to prevent movement thereof.

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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Description

March 4, 1924. v 1,486,027
F. E. MAYOTTE ELEVATOR? SAFETY DEVICE Filed July 1922 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Mmm Frank E- I HHDTTE aarch 4, 1924;
- 1,486,027 F.E.MAYOTTB A ELEVATOR SAFETY DE0E Filed July 5 1922 s Sheets-Sheet 2 F FE. 11k E Ma.1 uTTE March 4, 1924. 1,486,027
- F. E. MAYOTTE ELEVATOR SAFETY DEVI CE Filed July 5, '1922 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 a &
Fr an? E..Tia 'g DTTE March 4, 1924. 1,486,027
F. E. MAYOTTE.
ELEVATOR SAFETY DEVICE Filed July 1922 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 I l w I Frafik E- Mag 1112 J filctomu g rwenfo Patented Mar, t, 1984;.
FRANK It]. BIAYOTTE, OE ADAMS, MASSACHUSETTS.
ELEVATOR SAFETY DEVICE.
Application filed. July 3,
To all to 1 10770 it may concern Be it known. that l, FRANK E. Mnrorrn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Adams in the county of Berkshire and a State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elevator Safety Devices, of which the following is a specification. 4
This invention relates to elevators and more particularly to a safety appliance therefor and the primary object of the invention is to provide an automatic means for stopping the elevator when persons or objects are in the path of the elevator when standing near the elevator shaft or hoistway or when persons or objects on the elevator or car project beyond the platform of the car and inwardly of the floor through which the elevator shaft or hoistway passes. Another object of this invention is to provide an automatic safety device for elevators embodying pivoted guard members carried by the elevator car and by the floors through which the elevator shaft or hoistway passes for operating the elevator stop mechanism, when the said guards are actuated by persons or objects coming into contact therewith.
A. further object of the invention. is to provide novel means for normally holding the guards in operative position, and novel means for closing a circuit by said guards when the same are actuated.
it further object of the invention is to provide novel means controlled by the circuit for actuating the ordinary stop mechanism of the car when the said guards are actuated for automatically stopping the movement of the elevator car.
A further object of the invention is the provision of novel means for actuating the belt shifter of the controlling mechanism of the elevator car. said means being so constructed as to actuate the belt shifter irrespective of the direction of the elevator car.
A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved automatic safety stop for elevators of the above character, which will be durable and efficient in use, and which. can be incorporated with an ordinary elevator without change in the construction thereof.
with these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel construction,
1922. Serial No. 572,548.
arrangement and formation of parts, as will be hereinafter more specifically described, claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which drawings:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through an elevator shaft or hoistway and car, showing the improved stop mechanism incorporated therewith.
Figure 2 is a top plan view partly in section of the operating mechanism for actuating the bolt shifter of the elevator control mechanism.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of the operating; mechanism for the belt shifter of the elevator control mechanism.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through the operating mechanism taken on the line l4-. of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows;
Figure 5 is a transverse cross sectional view. taken on the line of Figure 2 of the drawings, looking in the direction ofthe arrows.
Figure 6 is a detail longitudinal sectional view through the mechanism utilized for conveying the current from the elevator car circuit closers to the operating magnet for actuating the operating mechanism.
Figure 7 is a detail transverse section, taken on the line 77 of Figure 6.
Figure 8 is an enlarged detail section, taken on the line 88'of Figure 2, illustrating one of the guides for one of the stop rods of the operating mechanism.
Figure 9 is an enlarged perspective View of one of theguard members carried by the elevator car showing the circuit closer carried. thereby.
Figure 10 is an enlarged detail perspective view of one of the members utilized for holding the guard members in their operative positions.
Figure 11 is a diagrammatic view of the wiring circuit showing the operating magnets incorporated therewith.
Referring to the drawings in detail, wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views. the letter A indicates the improved elevator safety device incorporated with an elevator B which operates in the elevator shaft or hoist. way C.
The elevator car B is of the type generally used in commercial houses for carry is 1 ,4se,c27
ing freight and the like but it is to be understood that the same may be of any type, and as shown the same includes the platform 10, the side standards 11, and the con necting cross beam and supporting standard 12, to which is secured in any preferred manner the hoist cable 13. The hoist cable is adapted to be wound upon the hoist drum 14 and suitable guide pulleys 15' can be utilized for guiding the hoist cable to said drum.
The elevator hoistway or shaft C extends through any number of the floors D of a building in which the elevator is placed and the shaft or hoistway is pro *ided at opposite sides with the guide rails or posts 16.
The movement of the elevator car B is controlled in the ordinary manner by the usual hand rope 17, which as shown is of the endless type having its terminals trained about suitable guide pulleys 18, which may be located at the terminals of the elevator shaft or hoistway. The hand rope 17 is operatively connected, as at 19, to the operatine' pulley 20, which controls the operation of the belt shifting apparatus for controlling the movement of the winding drum 14.
The winding drum 14 is keyed or otherwise secured upon a suitable shaft 21, which can be mounted in suitable bearings 22 carried by a suitable frame work 23, which can be supported in any preferred manner and arranged at any preferred point in the building in which the elevator operates. In practice, the winding drum 14 and cooperating parts are either located above the elevator shaft in the top of the building or at the bottom of the elevator shaft in the cellar of the building. As shown in the drawings, for example, the drum 14 and cooperating mechanism are located in the basement or cellar of the building. The shaft 21 of the drum 14 has keyed or otherwise secured to one terminal thereof the worm wl eel 24, which has meshing therewith a worm 25, which is keyed or otherwise secured to the pulley drive shaft 26. This shaft 26 is also mounted in suitable bearings 27 supported by the frame work 23 heretobefore mentioned.
The frame work 23 can of course, be constructed in any preferred manner which is best suited for the building with which the elevator is associated, and for supporting the various parts of the safety mechanism and the elevator control mechanism.
The shaft 26 has mounted thereon the relatively wide idle pulleys 28 and 29 and the intermediate relatively narrow drive pulley 30, which is keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft 26. The idle pulleys 28 and 29 have trained thereabout the drive belts 31 and 32, the belt 31 being of the straight type, while the belt 32 is of the crossed type. It is obvious that when either one of the belts 31 and 32 are shifted onto the drive pulley 30, the winding drum for the hoist cable 13 will be operated in one direction or the other according to which belt has been shifted on the drive pulley 30. The belt 31 is adapted to rotate the winding drum or windlass 14 in such direction as to raise the elevator car while the drive belt 32 is adapted to rotate the Winding drum or windlass 14 in a reverse direction for lowering the elevator car.
These belts 31 and 32 are driven from any suitable power source (not shown in the drawings). The belts 31 and 32 are shifted by a common belt shifter rod 33, which is slidably mounted in suitable guides 34 carried by the frame work 23. This belt shifter rod 33 is provided with depending spaced pairs of fingers 35 and 36, for engaging the opposite sides of the drive'belts 31 and 32. The inner end of the belt shifter rod 33 is provided with a yoke 37 which receives the actuating pins 38 mounted upon the belt shifter pulley 39, which is loosely mounted upon the shaft 21.
A counter shaft 40 is disposed in spaced parallel relation to the shaft 21, and extends beyond the terminals of the shaft 21 as can be clearly seen by referring to Figure 2 of the drawings. This shaft 40 has keyed thereto a drive pulley 41, which is in alignment with the belt shifter pulley 39 t and these pulleys 39 and 41 are oper a ively connected by a drive belt 42. The operating pulley 20 to which the hand rope 17 is attached is also keyed to ,a suitable shaft 43, which can be mounted in suitable bearings 44. The shaft 43 has also keyed thereto a pulley 44 which is in alignment with a second pulley 45 which is keyed to the shaft 40. These pulleys 44 and 43 are operatively connected by means of a pulley belt 46. n
In normal operation of the elevator, the run 17 of the hand rope 17, which is generally disposed within the plane of the car, is pulled down for causing the elevator car to ascend. The pulling down on the run 17 of the cable or hand rope 17 causes the operating pulley 20 to move in a counterclockwise direction, which, through the medium of the pulleys 44, 45, belt 46, shaft 40, pulley 41 and belt 42 rotates the shifting pulley in a counter clockwise direction. which pulls on the shifter rod 33 and moves the drive belt 31 onto the drive pulley 30 and the crossed drive belt 32 further on the idle pulley 29.
The run 17 of the hand rope 17 is pulled up when the elevator car is to go down, which will rotate the operating pulley 20 in a clockwise direction and the shifter pulley 39 in a clockwise direction which will push out on the shifter rod 33 and move the drivebelt 32 on to the drive pulley 30 and push means? the belt 31 further over on the idle pulley 28, which will cause the winding drum 13 to rotate in a counter clockwise direction through the medium of the worm and worm wheel 24-.
T he safety mechanism is operatively connectcd to the counter shaft 410 as will be hereinafter more fully described.
The improved safety device A includes a pair of guards E carried by the elevator car .13 for protecting persons standing near the elevator shaft or hoistway C when the elevator car is going down and pairs of guards I! carried by the floors D of the r building for protecting persons standing on the ele ator car B when the elevator car is going up. It is obvious that the guards will be actuated when persons or objects are in the path of the guards E and F.
The guards E are adapted to actuate circuit closers G while the guards F are adapted to actuate circuit closers H. The closing of the circuit closers G and H control the energizing of electromagnets I and K which form the means for setting in operation the operating means L and M for controlling the movement of the shaft for actuating the shifter rod 33.
The guards E are of novel construction and consist of upper and lower rods and 51, which are connected by arcuate guard rods 52. These guard rods 52 are braced. by an intermediate brace rod 5 3. The terminals of the rod 50 extend beyond the endmost guard rods 52 and are suitably mounted within bearings 54:, which are secured in any preferred manner to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the elevator car. The guards E are so disposed that the guard rods 52 will extend inwardly, and in order to prevent the outward swingin of the guards E, beyond the side edges of the elevator car, stops are provided. These stops 55 are in the nature of outwardly extending arms which are secured as at 56 to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the elevator car B. The outer terminals of the stops are provided with hooked ends 57 which are adapted to en gage one of the guard rods 52 of each guard member and prevent outward swinging movement of the guard member.
The pairs of guard members F are constructed exactly like the guard members E and they are so arranged that the guard arms 52 thereof will curve outwardly away from the elevator shaft or hoistway C. The guards F are rotatably secured to suitable bearings 58 which are secured in any preferred manner to the floors D of the building adjacent to the elevator shaft or hoistway O. Stops 59 provided for preventing outward swinging movement of the guards F into the shaft or hoistway and these arms are secured as at 60 to the floors D. These stops 59 are constructed exactly like the stops 55 and a detailed description thereof is not neccessary.
The circuit closers Gr which are actuated by the guards E are constructed the same and there is one circuit closer (i for each guard E and each of the same include a stationary contact 61 which provided with an attachingfoot 62, which is secured to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the car. The stationary contact 61 is provided with a depending contact arm 63. The movable portion of the circuit closer consists of an inwardly extending arm 6%- which has its outer end provided with a right angularly extending attaching foot 65. which is bifurcated as at 66 to receive the guard rods 52 and suitable screws 67 are utilized for connecting the movable member 64 in place.
Now it is obvious that when either one of the guards E are struck by persons or objects disposed near the elevator shaft or hoist way during downward movement of the elevator, that the guards will be pushed inwardly which will swing the arms 6% upwardly and inwardly into engagement with the stationary contacts 61 and thus establish electrical connection therebetween.
The circuit closers H are exact duplicates of the circuit closers G and also include stationary contacts 68 which are secured to the floors D of the building and movable portions 69 which are secured to the guards F. Thus when the guards F are struck by persons or objects on the elevator car B during upward movement thereof, guards F will be swung outwardly and the arms 69 moved into engagement with the stationary contacts 68, thus establishing electrical connection therewith. Inasmuch as the switches H are of. the same construction as the switches G. a detailed description thereof is not given.
The electromagnets I and K are adapted to be energized respectively when the switches or circuit closers- G and H are actuated, and these electromagnets are of the same construction and are secured in any "preferred manner to the frame work 23 as at 70.
In order to permit the energizing of the electromagnets T and IQ a pair of lead wires 71 and 72 are provided which may lead from any suitable source of electrical energy. The wire 72 is connected to one terminal of each of the magnets I and K as can he clearly seen by referring to Figure 11.- The stationary contacts 61 are electrically connected to a wire 73, while the movable contacts are connected to a wire 74:, and these wires are led into a suitable cahle '75 from the platform 10 of the elevator car and a guide or support 76 can be provided for the cable. In order to take the.
up the slack in the cable during downward movement of the elevator car and to permit the feeding outward of the cable during upward movement of the car, a suitable winding drum 77 is provided therefor whichis keyed or otherwise secured to a driven shaft 7 8. which is mounted in suitable bearings 7 9 which can be secured to a suitable support in any preferred manner. This shaft- 78 is driven from the shaft 21 of the winding drum 14: by means of a counter shaft 80. This shaft is operatively connected to the drum winding shaft 21 by means of bevelled gearing 82. The
" counter shaft 80 is connected with the driving shaft 78 by suitable bevelled gearing 83. This shaft 80 is mounted in any suitable manner. a thurst bearing 84 being provided for the lower end thereof. Secured to the driven shaft 78 adjacent to the drum 77 is disposed a pair of spaced wheels 85 and 86 which have the body portions thereof formed of insulation and their periphcries provided with metallic electricity conducting bands 87 and 88. The wires 7 3 and 7 4 leading from the cable 7 5 about the drum are electrically connected respectively to the peripheries 87 and 88 of the wheels 85 and 86. The wheels, of course rotate in unison with the drum 77. One of the bearings 79 supports a suitable bracket 89 which pivotally supports a pair of brush holders 90 and 91 which carry brushes 92 and 98 which engage the peripheries of the wheels 85 and 86. The brushes 92 and 98 have connected respectively thereto a wire 9% and the lead wire 71. The wire 941 is connected to the opposite terminal of the electromagnet I from which the lead wire 72 is connected. By this construction, it can be seen that during the raising and lowering movement of the car, that electrical communication will be established through the electromagnet l by means of the wheels 85 and 86.
The lead wire 71 has connected thereto a lead wire 95 which is electrically connected to the movable portions 69 of the circuit closers H. The stationary portions 68 of the circuit closers are connected to a wire 96, which leads to the opposite terminal of the elcctromagnet K from the terminal to which the lead wire 72 is attached. Thus it can be seen that when either one of the switches or circuit closers G are closed, the electromagnct I will be energized and if either one of the circuit closers H are energized, the magnet K will be energized.
The operating mechanisms L and M, for automatically operating the shaft l0 when the electromagnets T and K are energized, are of similar construction and the same include idle wheels 97 and 98 which are rotatably mounted upon the shaft 40. Adjacent to the Wheels 97 and 98 are disposed 1 ,esaoav ratchet wheels 99 and 100, which are keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft 410. These ratchet wheels 99 and 100 are of the same construction with the exception that the teeth extend in opposite directions. The idle wheels 97 and 98 have pivotally secured thereto dogs 101 and 102. The dogs are also disposed in opposite relation so as to permit the same to engage the oppositely extending teeth of the ratchet wheels 99 and 100. The dogs 101 and 102 are normally urged into engagement with the ratchet wheels by means of contractile coil springs 103.
In order to permit free movement of the shaft 40 when the same is actuated by the operating pulley 20 and the hand cable 17 without the actuation of the outer wheels 97 111{ 98, the dogs 101 and 102 are normally held out of engagement with the ratchetwheels 99 and 100 by means of arouate guide tracks 104 and 105 which are seciuz'ecl to the frame work 28 as at 106 and 10 In order to limit the movement of the wheels 97 and 98 under the influence of the actuating means which will be hereinafter more fully described, guide rods 108 and 109 are provided respectively for the outer wheels 97 and 98. These rods 108 and 109 have their outer terminals slidably mounted in eyes 110 which are swivelly secured in place as at 111 to the framing 23. Stop collars are slidably mounted upon the stop members 108 and 109 on each side of the guide eyes 110 and these collars are held in adjusted or set position by suitable machine screws or keys. The inner ends of the guide rods 108 and 109 are provided with arcuate extension 113 and 114 respectively and these arcuate terminals are pivoted as at 115 and 116 to the outer wheels 97 and 98 as clearly shown in Figures 3 and 1 of the drawings. The idle wheels 97 and 98 are in the nature of drums or pulleys and have wound about the same cables 117 and 118. The lower terminals 117 and 118 are provided with weights 119 and 120. These weights 119 and 120 normally tend to rotate the idle wheels or pulleys 97 and 98 and as the cables 117 and 118 are disposed on opposite sides of the shaft 10 and are wound in opposite directions upon the idle wheels or drums 97 and 98, they tend to rotate the shaft in opposite directions. weight 119 and the cable 117 tends to rotate the drum or idle wheel 97 in a counter clockwise direction, while the weight 120 and the cable 118 tends to rotate the idle wheel or drum 98 in a clockwise direction.
In order to normally prevent the rotation of the drums or idle wheels 97 and 98 under the influence of the weights 119 and 120, suitable detents or dogs 121 and 122 are provided respectively. The dog or detent 121 is provided for the idle wheel or drum 97 and Thus the 1 leece? the belt 31. further over on the idle pulley 28, which will cause the winding drum 13 to rotate in a counter clockwise direction through the medium of the worm and worm wheel 2 The safety mechanism is operatively connected to the counter shaft as will be hereinafter more fully described.
The improved safety device A includes a pair of guards E carried by the elevator car P) for protecting persons standing near the elevator shaft or hoistway C when the elevator car is going down and pairs of guards F carried by the floors D of the building for protecting persons standing on the elevator car '13 when the elevator car is going up. It is obvious that the guards will be actuated when persons or objects are in the path of the guards E and F.
The guards E are adapted to actuate circuit closers G while the guards F are adapted to actuate circuit closers H. The closing of the circuit closers G and H control the energizing of electromagnets I and K which form the means for setting in operation the operating means L and M for controlling the movement of the shaft 40 for actuating the shifter rod 33.
The guards E are of novel construction and consist of upper and lower rods and 51, which are connected by ar cuate guard rods 52. These guard rods 52 are braced by an intermediate brace rod 53. The terminals of the rod 50 extend beyond the endmost guard rods 52 and are suitably mounted within bearings 54, which are secured in any preferred manner to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the elevator car. The guards E are so disposed that the guard rods 52 will extend inwardly, and in order to prevent the outward swinging of the guards E, beyond the side edges of the elevator car stops are provided. These stops 55 are in the nature of outwardly extending arms which are secured as at 56 to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the elevator car B. The outer terminals of the stops 55 are provided with hooked ends 57 which are adapted to engage one of the guard rods 52 of each guard member and prevent outward swinging movement of the guard member.
The pairs of guard members F are constructed exactly like the guard members E and they are so arranged that the guard arms 52 thereof will curve outwardly away from the elevator shaft or hoist-way The guards F are rotatably secured to suitable bearings 58 which are secured in any preferred manner to the floors D of the building adjacent to the elevator shaft or hoistway C. Stops 59 are provided for preventing outward swinging movementof the guards E into the shaft or hoistway and these arms are secured as at 60 to the floors D. These steps 59 are constructed exactly like the stops 55 and a detailed description thereof is not neccessary.
The circuit closers G which are actuated by the guards E are constructed the same and there is one circuit closer G for each guard E and each of the same include a stationary contact 61, which is provided with an attaching foot 62, which is secured to the lower surface of the platform 10 of the car The stationary contact 61 is provided with a depending contact arm 63. The movable portion of the circuit closer consists of an inwardly extending arm 64;- which has its outer end provided with a right a-ngularly extending attaching foot 65, which is bifurcated as at 66 to receive the guard rods 52 and suitable screws 67 are utilized. for connecting the movable member Get in place.
Now, it is obvious that when either one of the guards E are struck by persons or objects disposed near the elevator shaft or hoist way during downward movement of the elevator, that the guards will be pushed inwardly which will swing the arms 64: upwardly and inwardly into engagement with the stationary contacts 61 and thus establish electrical connection therebet-ween.
The circuit closers H are exact duplicates of the circuit closers G and also include stationary contacts 68 which are secured to the floors D of the building and movable portions 69 which are secured to the guards F. Thus when the guards E are struck by persons or objects on the elevator car during upward movement thereof, the. guards F will be swung outwardly and the arms 69 moved into engagement with the stationary contacts 68, thus establishing electrical connection therewith. Inasmuch as the switches H are of the same construction as the switches G, a detailed description thereof is not given.
The electromagnets I and K are adapted to be energized respectively when the switches or circuit closer G and H are actuated, and these electromagnets are of the same construction and are secured in any preferred manner tothe frame work 28 as at 70.
In order to permit the energizing of the electromagnets I and K. a pair of lead wires 71 and 72 are provided which may lead from any suitable source of electrical energy. The wire 72 is connected to one terminal of ea h of the magnets I and K as can be clearly seen by referring to Figure 11. The stationary contacts 61 are electrically connected to a wire 73 while the movable contacts are connected to a wire 74-. and these wires are led into a suitable cable 75 from the platform 10 of the elevator car and a guide or support 76 can be provided for the cable. In order to take up the slack in the cable 75 during downward movement of the elevator car and to permit the feeding out-ward of the cable during upward movement of the car, a suitable winding drum 77 is provided therefor which keyed or otherwise secured to a driven shaft 78. which is mounted in suitable bearings 7 9, which can be secured to a' suitable support in any preterred manner.
' This shaft 78 is driven from the shaft 21 to the driven shat 78 adjacent to the drum 77 is disposed a pair or" spaced wheels 85 and 86 which have the body portions thereof formed of insulation and their periphcries provided with metallic electricity conducting bands 87 and 88. The wires 73 and 7 1 leading from the cable 7 about the drum are electrically connected respectively to the peripheries 87 and 88 or" the wheels 85 and 86. The wheels, of course, rotate in unison with the drum 77. One of the bearings 79 supports a suitable bracket 89 which pivotally supports pair of brush holders 90 and 91 which carry brushes 92 and 93 which engage the peripheries of the wheels 85 and 86. The brushes 92 and 93 have connected respectively thereto wire 9 1 and the lead wire 71. The wire 94 is connected to the opposite terminal of the electromagnet I from which the lead wire 72 is con nected. By this construction, it can be seen that during the raising and lowering movement of the car, that electrical communication will be established through the electromagnet I by means or the wheels 85 and 86.
The lead wire 71 has connected thereto a lead wire 95 which is electrically connected to the movable portions 69 of the circuit closers H. The stationary portions 68 of the circuit closers are connected to a wire 96, which leads to the opposite terminal of the electrom agnet K from the terminal to which the lead wire 72 is attached. Thus it can be seen that when either one of the switches or circuit closers G are closed, the electromagnet I will be energized and if either one of the circuit closers H are energized, the magnet K will be energized.
The operating mechanisms L and M, for automatically operating the shaft when the electromagnets I and K are energized, are of similar construction and the same include idle wheels 97 and 98 which are rotatably mounted upon the shaft 10. Adjacent to the wheels 97 and 98 are disposed weeps? ratchet wheels 99 and 100, which are keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft 10. These ratchet wheels 99 and 100 are of the same construction with the exception that the teeth extend in opposite directions. The idle wheels 97 and 98 have pivotally secured thereto dogs 101 and 102. The dogs are also disposed in opposite relation so as to permit the same to engage the oppositely extending teeth of the ratchet wheels 99 and 100. The dogs 101 and 102 are normally ur ed into engagement with the ratchet wheels by means of contractile coil springs 103.
In order to permit free movement of the shaft a0 when the same is actuated by the operating pulley 20 and the hand cable 17 without the actuation of the outer wheels 97 and 98, the dogs 101 and 102 are normally held out of engagement with the ratchet wheels 99 and 100 by means of arouate guide tracks 104C and 105 which are secuped to the frame work 23 as at 106 and 10 In order to limit the movement of the wheels 97 and 98 under the influence of the actuating means which will be hereinafter more fully described, guide rods 108 and 109 are provided respectively for the outer wheels 97 and 98. These rods 108 and 109 have their outer terminals slidably mounted in eyes 110 which are swivelly secured in place as at 111 to the framing 23. Stop collars are slidably mounted upon the stop members 108 and 109 on each side of the guide eyes 110 and these collars are held in adjusted or set position by suitable machine screws or keys. The inner ends of the guide rods 108 and 109 are provided with arcuate extension 113 and 114 respectively and these arcuate terminals are pivoted as at 115 and 116 to the outer wheels 97 and 98 as clearly shown in Figures 3 and 41 of the drawings. The idle wheels 97 and 98 are in the nature of drums or pulle s and have wound about the same cables 117 and 118. The lower terminals 117 and 118 are provided with weights 119 and 120. These weights 119 and 120 normally tend to rotate the idle wheels or pulleys 97 and 98 and as the cables 117 and 118 are disposed on opposite sides of the shaft 10 and are wound in 0pposite directions upon the idle wheels or drums 97 and 98, they tend to rotate the shaft in opposite directions. Thus the weight 119 and the cable 117 tends to rotate the drum or idle wheel 97 in a counter clockwise direction, while the weight 120 and the cable 118 tends to rotate the idle wheel or drum 98 in a clockwise direction.
In order to normally prevent the rotation of the drums or idle wheels 97 and 98 under the influence of the weights 119 and 120, suitable detents or dogs 121 and 122 are provided respectively. The dog or detent 121 is provided for the idle wheel or drum 97 and recaps? is adapted to engage a radially extending lug 123 formed thereon. This lug is adapted to be engaged by the tooth 12 1 of the dog or detent 121. The dog or detent 122 is provided for the idle wheel or drum 98 which is provided with a radially extending lug 125, that is adapted to be normally engaged by the forward end of the said dog or detent, which as stated, prevents the rotation thereof under the influence of the Weight 120 and cable 118. The dogs or detents 121 and 122 are pivotally secured intermediate their ends to brackets 126 and 127 respectively. These dogs or detents 121 and 122 are adapted to be actuated for moving the active ends thereof out of engagement with the radially extending lugs 123 and 125 by means of pivoted weighted levers 128 and 129, which are pivoted respectively to the depending brackets 126 and 127, which are supported by the frame work 23. The weighted ends of the levers 128 and 129 are disposed outermost and are normally adapted to be held in a raised position out of engagement with the dogs or detents 121 and 122 by means of pivoted latches 130 and 131. These latches 130 and 131 are pivotally secured intermediate their ends' by means of pivot pins 132. These latches 130 and 131 are normally urged into the path of the weighted levers 128 and 129 by means of con tractile coil springs 133, which are secured to the lower ends of the latches and to a suitable portion of the frame work. It is obvious that when the latches are moved against the tension of the springs 133, the upper active ends thereof will be moved from out of engagement with the weighted levers 128 and 129 which will permit the levers to fall on the dogs or detents 121 and 122 and thus rock the same on their pivots and lift the opposite ends thereof from out of the path of the lugs 123 and 125 carried by the idle wheels or drums 97 and 98. The downward movement of the weighted levers 128 and 129 are limited by guide rods 13%, which are slidably mounted in suitable brackets 135 secured to the frame work 23. Sliding rods 136 and 137 are provided for actuating the latches 130 and 131, and these rods are mounted in suitable guides carried by the framing 23. The rods 136 and 137 are normally urged away from the latches 130 and 131 by means of expansion springs 138 which are coiled about said sliding rods. Inward movement of the rods 136 and 138 under influence of the springs 130 may be limited by suitable stop pins 139.
The electromagnets I and K are provided with armatures 1 10 and 1 11 respectively, which are secured in place by suitable pivot pins 142, which permit the rocking thereof upon the energizing of their respective magnets. Now, when the magnets l and K are energized, their armatures will be drawn inwardly and will push inwardly on the sliding rods 136 and 137 against the tension of their springs and rock the latches 131 which will permit the dropping of the weighted levers 128 and 129 as heretobefore explained.
In operation of the improved safety appliance A, when the elevator is going up, and a person or object standing on the plat form of the elevator hits any one of the guards F, the same will be rocked as heretobefore described closing the circuit by the circuit closers H. The closing of the circuit closers H will energize the electromagnet K, which will draw over its armature 14:1, causing the rocking of the latch 131 out of the path of the weighted lever 129 which will actuate the dog or detent 122, which will permit the rotation of the idle wheel or drum 98 under the influence of the weight 120. During the movement of the idle wheel or pulley 98, the dog 102 will ride off of the track 105 and engage the ratchet wheel 100 and thus turn the shaft 40 in a clockwise direction. The turning of the shaft 40 in a clockwise direction will, through the medium of the belt 42, rotate the shift pulley 39 in a clockwise direction. The rotation of the shifter pulley 39 in a clockwise direction will shift the shifter rod 33 outwardly, thus moving the belt 31 from off of the drive pulley 30 onto its idle pulley 28, and bring the elevator to a stop.
When the elevator car is descending, and the guards E are pushed inwardly by persons or objects standing near the elevator shaft or hoistway C, the circuit closers G will be actuated and the circuit closed through the electromagnet I as heretobefore described, which will draw over its armature 140 and push in the sliding rod 136 which will actuate the latch 130. The latch 130 will release the weighted lever 128 which will operate the detent or dog 121 as heretobefore described, thus permitting free movement of the idle wheel or drum 97 under the influence of the weight 119. The idle wheel or drum 97 will rotate in a counter clockwise direction, and after the same has rotated a predetermined distance, the pawl or dog 101 will ride off of its guide track 10 1 and will engage the ratchet wheel 99 and cause the shaft 40 to rotate in a counter clockwise direction.
The rotation of the shaft 10 in a counter clockwise direction will rotate the shift pulley 39 in a counter clockwise direction through the pulley belt 12, and the pins carried by the shift pulley 39 will draw in on the belt shifting rod 33 and move the guide belt 32 from oil of the drive pulley 30 on to its idle pulley 29 and thus bring the elevator to a stop.
From the foregoing description, it can be seen that an exceptionally simple device has been provided, for positively stopping an elevator car when the life of persons is endangered by being disposed too near the elevator shaft or car. During the normal operation of the elevator car by means of the hand rope 17, the idle wheels or drums 97 and 98 will not be operated, due to the fact that the same are loosely mounted upon the shaft 40 and that their pawls or dogs 131 and 132 are normally held out of engagement with the ratchet wheels 99 and 100 by means of the guides 104 and 105.
After the car has been brought to a stop by the improved safety mechanism, the parts of the safety mechanism are returned to their normal positions by hand.
Changes in details may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of this invention; but,
I claim:
1. The combination with an elevator car and a hoistway, a drum, a hoist cable connected with the car and operated by the drum, means for rotating the drum in opposite directions including a pair of drive belts, and a drive pulley, means for shifting either one of the drive belts on the drive pulley, of a safety appliance for the elevator including guard members carried by the elevator car and the floors of the build ing through which the hoistway extends, and means controlled by said guard members when the same are actuated by persons or articles coming into contact therewith for shifting the active one of said belts off of the drive pulley without the other belt being moved onto the pulley.
2. The combination with an elevator car and a hoistway, of a drum for raising and lowering said car, means for rotating the drum in either direction including a drive pulley operatively connected with the drum, and a pair of drive belts, and means for shifting either one of the belts on the drive pulley, of pivoted guard members carried by the sides of the elevator car and the sides of the hoist way, a safety appliance for moving the active belt of the pulley without the other belt being moved onto the pulley, said safety appliance being controlled by the pivoted guard members when the same are actuated by persons or objects coming into contact therewith including an operating shaft, and means operatively connecting the shaft with the means for shifting the drive belts.
3. The combination with an elevator car and a hoistway, a drum for raising and lowering the elevator car, means for actuating the drum including a drive pulley operatively connected thereto, a pair of drive belts for driving the guide pulley in opposite directions, means for moving the drive belts on and ofi the drive pulley, of a safety appliance for the elevator including guard members carried by the elevator car adjacent to the opposite sides thereof and the sides of the hoistway, a pair of electromagnets, circuit closers for controlling the energizing of the magnets and having stationary contacts and movable contacts carried by the guards and moved into engagement with the stationary contacts when the guards are actuated by persons or objects coming into contact therewith, and means controlled by the electromagnets for operating the belt moving means.
4. The combination with an elevator car and a hoistway, a lruin for raising and lowering the car, means for operating said drum including pivoted guard members carried by the elevator car and by the sides of the elevator hoistway, a pair of electromagnets, circuit closers actuated by the guard members when the same are operated oy persons or ob ects coming into contact therewith for controlling the energizing of the electromagnets, means operated by one of the magnets for moving the belt shifting means in one direction, and means operated by the other electromagnet for moving the belt shifting means in the opposite direction.
5. The combination with an elevator car and a hoistway, a drum for raising and lowering the elevator car, means for operating said drum including a drive pulley operatively connected to the drum, and a pair of drive belts normally disposed on opposite sides of the drive pulley for operating the drive pulley in different directions, belt shifting means for moving either one of the belts on and off of the drive pulley, of a safety appliance for the elevator including circuit closers carried by the elevator car and by the sides of the hoistway, means for operating the circuit closers carried by the elevator car and' hoistway, a pair of electromagnets, th energizing of which is controlled by the circuitclosers, a shaft, means for operating the shaft in one direction, means for rotating the shaft in the opposite direction, means operatively connecting the shaft with the belt shifting means, and means controlled by the electromagnets for preventing operation of said shaft rotating means.
6. The combination with an elevator car and a hoistway, a winding drum for raising and lowering the elevator car, a drive pulley operatively connected to the winding drum, a pair of drive belts for actuating the drive pulley in opposite directions, a belt shifting rod for moving the belts on or off of the drive pulley, of a safety appliance for the elevator including pivoted guard members carried by the sides of the elevator car and the hoistway, means for preventingthe swinging of said guard members outwardly of the hoistway and the elevator car,'and a air of electromagnets, circuit closers carried by the hoistway and the elevator car for controlling th energizing of said magnets and actuated by said guard members, an operating shaft, means operatively connecting the operating shaft with the belt shifting rod, means for rotating the shaft in one direction for moving the belt shifting rod in one direction, means for rotating th shaft in an opposite direction for moving the belt shifting rod in the opposite direction, trip means controlled by one of the magnets for normally holding one of the shaft rotating means against movement, and means controlled by the other magnet for holding the second mentioned shaft rotating means against movement.
7. The combination With an elevator shaft and an elevator car operating therein, of a Winding drum for raising and lowering said elevator car, operating mechanism for said drum including a drive pulley operatively connected therewith, belts for rotating the drive pulley in opposite directions, a belt shifting rod for moving the belts on and said guide pulley, an operating pulley operatively connected to said belt shifting rod, a counter shaft, a pulley mounted upon said counter shaft, a belt pulley trained about said operating pulley and the last mentioned pulley, a control hand rope for the elevator car, means connecting the control hand rope With the counter shaft, a pair of drums rotatably mounted upon the counter shaft, means tending to rotate the drums in opposite directions, pivoted guard members carried by the elevator car and hoistway, and latches controlled by said guard memhere for preventing normal movement of said drums.
8. The combination With an elevator car and a hoistvvay, a Winding drum for raising and lowering said elevator car, operating mechanism for said drum including a drive pulley operatively connected thereto, a pair of drive belts for driving the pulley in opposite directions, a sliding belt shifting rod for shifting the belts on and off said drive pulley, an operating pulley, operating pins carried by on side face of the operating pulley, a yoke carried by said belt shifter rod receiving said pins, a counter shaft, means operatively connecting the counter shaft with said operating pulley, a control hand rope for the elevator car, means operatively connecting said control rope With the counter shaft, of a sa iety mechanism for the car includingpivoted guard members carried by the car and by the sides of the hoists "2y, pair of idle drums rotatably mounted upon the counter shaft, means nornally tending to rotate the drums in opposite directions, oppositely disposed ratchet Wheels keyed to said counter shaft adjacent to said drums, pivoted spring pressed pawls carried by the drums for engaging said ratchet Wheels, guide tracks normally holding the pavvls from out of engagement with said ratchet Wheels to permit independent movement of the counter shaft by the hand rope, independent latcnes normally engaging said drums to prevent rotation thereof, and means controlled by said guards for operating said latches to move the same from out of eng gement With the drums, the pan ls bein adapted to ride off said guide tracks into engagement with said ratchet Wheels upon movement of said drums 9. The combination with an elevator car a hoistivay, a drum for raising and ing '-"ll(l elevator car, operating n1ecl1- said drum including a drive puli ieraiively connected to the drum, and a pair of drive bolts for actuating the drive pulley in opposite directions, a sliding belt i fling rod for moving the belts on and elf said drive pulley, a rotatable shaft, means oper rely coi'iuccting the shaft with sun-L sliding belt s "fting rod hand rope o, tivcly connected t said shaft for controli. n the shifting said belts from the eievair car, of a safety mechanism including a pair of pivoted guards carried by the elevator car and pairs of pivoted guards carried by the hoistivay, a pair of electromagneiis, circuit closers carried by the car for -:-ontri,illing the energizing of one magnet, circuit closers carried y the hoistway controlling the energizing of the other magnet, the circuit closers being adapted to be moved to a closed position upon actuating of said guards, a pair of independent drums r0- tatably mounted upon said shaft, means including Weights for rotating the drums in opposite directions, adjustable means for limiting the movement of the drums, ratchet and pawl mechanism for operatively con necting the drums with the shaft, and pivoted latches controlled by said electromagnets normally engaging said drums to prevent movement thereof.
it). The combination with an elevator car and a hoistway, a drum for raising and low- .ering said elevator car, operating mechanism for said drum including a drive pulley ()pefitilVQlY connected to the drum, and a pair of drive belts for actuating the drive pulley in opposite directions, a sliding belt shifting rod for moving the belts on and c said drive pulley, a rotatable shaft, ans operati'vely connecting the shaft with i sliding belt shifting rod, a hand rope ogiierai'iively connected to said shaft for coning the shifting of said belts from the elevator car, of a safety mechanism including a pair of pivoted guards carried by the elevator car and a pair of pivoted guards carried by the hoistway, a pair of electromagnets, circuit closers carried by the car for controlling the energizing of one magnet, circuit closers carried by the hoistWay controlling the energizing of the other magnet, the ciicuit closers being adapted to be moved to a ciosed )osition upon actuating of said guards, a pair oi independen drums rotate mounted upon said shaft, means incluoi Weights "for rotating the drums in site directions, adjustable means for by said cloctromagnets said drui to prevent said means including- '5 pivoted latches normally were out of engagen'ientioned latches, 'cti'oniagnets, and slidt iii-matures m rods for one:
sziid-ai'matures upon 3 ig; of id magnets for moving 2 out of the paths nentioned v,mtches of said weighted levers.
11. The combina ion with an elevator car and its hoistway a drum for raising and lowering the elevator car, means for operating said drum including a drive pulley essee? Fir elts for oocrating the drive pulley in oopo d rections. and means forsluft-ing said belts of a safety appliance for the e "ate-r inciuding pivoted guard members :eiivel connected to the elevator car and eiectrouiag'nets means controlled nagnets for shitting said belt 3 circuit closers carried by the 'ator car and actuated by N the same come in contact 5 ye us or objects standingnear the edge He war in the edge of the hoistway means i-icail y connecting the eicctronmgni'zfs i the ci cuit closers togetheig said means including; a pair at line wires extending from e e evator car, a drum for receiving said line a means operativeb connecting said i mentioned drum with the Winding 1 an a pair ot electricity conducting bands l in unison with said drum and elecconnected to said Wires, and station- .shes engaging said wh els for trans the current to one of said magnets.
FRANK E. MAYOTTE.
US1486027D Elevator safety device Expired - Lifetime US1486027A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3405819A (en) * 1966-02-25 1968-10-15 Triax Co Guard against obstructing load in an automatic warehousing system
US4556129A (en) * 1983-02-07 1985-12-03 Diesel Equipment Limited Trip mechanism for de-activating elevator platforms
US5653568A (en) * 1994-06-27 1997-08-05 Josephs; Harold Safety guard for lift gates
US5703450A (en) * 1994-06-27 1997-12-30 Josephs; Harold Safety guard for pedestrian-operated machines having rotatable blades
US8807288B1 (en) * 1999-04-22 2014-08-19 Otis Elevator Company Retractable toe guard

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3405819A (en) * 1966-02-25 1968-10-15 Triax Co Guard against obstructing load in an automatic warehousing system
US4556129A (en) * 1983-02-07 1985-12-03 Diesel Equipment Limited Trip mechanism for de-activating elevator platforms
US5653568A (en) * 1994-06-27 1997-08-05 Josephs; Harold Safety guard for lift gates
US5703450A (en) * 1994-06-27 1997-12-30 Josephs; Harold Safety guard for pedestrian-operated machines having rotatable blades
US5751124A (en) * 1994-06-27 1998-05-12 Josephs; Harold Safety guard for pedestrian-operated machines having rotatable blades
US8807288B1 (en) * 1999-04-22 2014-08-19 Otis Elevator Company Retractable toe guard

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