US1485505A - Process for introducing alkali or earth-alkali metals in discharging tubes and the like - Google Patents
Process for introducing alkali or earth-alkali metals in discharging tubes and the like Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1485505A US1485505A US419659A US41965920A US1485505A US 1485505 A US1485505 A US 1485505A US 419659 A US419659 A US 419659A US 41965920 A US41965920 A US 41965920A US 1485505 A US1485505 A US 1485505A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alkali
- earth
- metals
- introducing
- discharging tubes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 17
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 96% Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000896693 Disa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenytoin Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C1(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000027137 acute motor axonal neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPDORTBBLUCNJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium tin Chemical compound [Ca].[Sn] DPDORTBBLUCNJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/38—Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels
- H01J9/395—Filling vessels
Definitions
- GILLES HOLBT and EKKO Oosrnnmns both sub'ects of the Queen of the Netherlands, resi ing at Eindhoven, in the province of North Brabant, in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Process for Introducin Alkali or Earth-Alkali Metals in Disc arging Tubes and the like (for which I have le an application in Kingdom of the Netherlands on September 23, 1919, -Serial No. 12966, Ned.), of which the following is a specification.
- This invention relates to vacuum or discharge tubes (incandescent lamps, X-ra tubes, audions, rectifiers, etc.), bem 'vesse s used electrically and exhausted 0 air to form a vacuum, or filled with suitable gases at or below atmospheric pressure.
- evacuated container electrical apparatus or evacuated containers.
- the invention consists in introducing alkali or earth alkali-metals in such evacuated containers in order to remove the last 7 gas residues or to purify noble gases; it is characterized by this, that in the tube or the like an allow of an alkali or earth alkali metal (such as potassium or calcium) with a noble metal of low vapor pressure (such as tin) is applied at a place where a sufliciently high tem rature is obtained to vaporize the alka 1- or earth alkali metal, whereas the other component of the alloy does not evaporate to a erce tible extent.
- an alkali or earth alkali metal such as potassium or calcium
- a noble metal of low vapor pressure such as tin
- aooo an g drawing shows one 8 way in whi dii t d invention may be applied, Fig. 1 being an elevation of a discharge tube; Fig. 2 an elevation of the cathode part thereof; Fig. 3 an elevation of the anode; and Fig. 4 an'elevation of the anode art.
- t ese drawin a is the anode which consists of a cylin rical plate upon WhlCh the alloy is applied on a small area on the outer side; the cathode wires are melted in the glass at b and the anode wires at c.
- the illustrated construction is given merely as anexample, "the in'vention not bein char tube or other analogous structure.
- Evacuated container electrical apparatus in which an alloy of an alkalior earth alkali-metal with a nobler metal of low vapor ressure is applied at a lace where a sufficiently high temperature 15 obtained to directed to any particular constructi n 0 the (118- vaporize the alkali or earth-alkali metal, while the other component of the alloy does not evaporate perceptibly and the vapor of the alkali or earth alkali metal does not coact in the conduction of the current.
- Evacuated container electrical apparatus in which a tin-calcium alloy is applied at a place where a sufiiciently hi h temperature is obtained to vaporize t e calcium while the tin does not evaporate perceptibly and the calcium-vapor does not coact 1n the conduction of the current.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Description
March 4 1924;
PROCESS FOR INTRODUCING ALKAL 1,485,505 G. HOLST ET AL I OR EARTH ALKALI METALS IN DISCHARGING TUBES AND THE LIKE Filed Oct. 26 1920 Jul/ems.-
% Wtw JMwwe J Patenlted Mar. 4, 1924.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
GILLES HOLST AND mo OOSTEBHUIS, OI EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS, ABBIGHOM T0 NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCEAP PHILIPB GLOEILAIPIDI-FABEIEKEN, OI BIND- KOVEN, NETHERLANDS.
PROCESS FOR INTBODUUING ALKALI OB mam-sum III-TALE IN DIBGKABGING TUBES AND THE LIKE.
Application fled October 86, 1990. Serial Ho. 418,859.
To all whom it may concem;
Be it lmown that we, GILLES HOLBT and EKKO Oosrnnmns, both sub'ects of the Queen of the Netherlands, resi ing at Eindhoven, in the Province of North Brabant, in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Process for Introducin Alkali or Earth-Alkali Metals in Disc arging Tubes and the like (for which I have le an application in Kingdom of the Netherlands on September 23, 1919, -Serial No. 12966, Ned.), of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to vacuum or discharge tubes (incandescent lamps, X-ra tubes, audions, rectifiers, etc.), bem 'vesse s used electrically and exhausted 0 air to form a vacuum, or filled with suitable gases at or below atmospheric pressure. For want of a suitable generic term such devices will be herein referred to as evacuated container electrical apparatus, or evacuated containers.
It is known, that substances such as calcium, barium, strontium, potassium, sodium etc., in gaseous condition combine with all gases except the noble ases, whereby compositions are formed w ich have ver low vs r pressures. This action is great y acce erated by electrical discharges.
In such evacuated containers all gases resent or set free, except the noble gases will quickly disa pear in the presence oi said metals, so t at a hi h vacuum or a very ure noble gas filling is obtained.
It as already on proposed to use heated earth-alkali metals for the absorbing of gas residues (German Patent 179526).
It has also been dproposed in dischar 'n tubes to use electro es com osed of an al ka 1 metal or an alkali metal al oy (French Patent 451846, British Patent 29104/1912). Though in this case the alkali metal also absor eventual gas residues, yet the principal function of the alkali metal is to coact in the discharge. According to these atents the alkali metal is used for decreas- 1n the tension of dischar Therefore the cat ode must consist whol or for a lar part of an alkali metal, an the decrease of the discharge tension would cease when all The invention consists in introducing alkali or earth alkali-metals in such evacuated containers in order to remove the last 7 gas residues or to purify noble gases; it is characterized by this, that in the tube or the like an allow of an alkali or earth alkali metal (such as potassium or calcium) with a noble metal of low vapor pressure (such as tin) is applied at a place where a sufliciently high tem rature is obtained to vaporize the alka 1- or earth alkali metal, whereas the other component of the alloy does not evaporate to a erce tible extent.
As the only object of t e al all or earth alkali metals is to absorb small quantities of gases present or-set free, only very small quantities of these metals are necessary, because they may be used up when no more gases are set free.
When applying the lprocess according to the invention one shou d take care that the alloy is not put in places where the vapor of the alkali or earth alkali metal might acquire such a tension, that it would take part in the discharge.
The following are examples of "suitable alloys for the practice of the present invention:
1. Tin, 96%, calcium, 4%.
2. Tin, 95.7%, potassium, 4.3%.
The use of and alloys has several advantages. In the first place the active metal is protected by the noble'r metal against oxidation, moisture and other influences. At the same time the handling of. these active metals is thereby without any dan r. v A further advantage is, that the a loy may be put into the container in a very sim le way. If one uses for instance a tin al oy this may be used as a solder upon one of the metal parts in the tube.
The aooo an g drawing shows one 8 way in whi dii t d invention may be applied, Fig. 1 being an elevation of a discharge tube; Fig. 2 an elevation of the cathode part thereof; Fig. 3 an elevation of the anode; and Fig. 4 an'elevation of the anode art.
In t ese drawin a is the anode which consists of a cylin rical plate upon WhlCh the alloy is applied on a small area on the outer side; the cathode wires are melted in the glass at b and the anode wires at c. The illustrated construction is given merely as anexample, "the in'vention not bein char tube or other analogous structure.
W at we claim is:
1. Evacuated container electrical apparatus, in which an alloy of an alkalior earth alkali-metal with a nobler metal of low vapor ressure is applied at a lace where a sufficiently high temperature 15 obtained to directed to any particular constructi n 0 the (118- vaporize the alkali or earth-alkali metal, while the other component of the alloy does not evaporate perceptibly and the vapor of the alkali or earth alkali metal does not coact in the conduction of the current.
2. Evacuated container electrical apparatus, in which a tin-calcium alloy is applied at a place where a sufiiciently hi h temperature is obtained to vaporize t e calcium while the tin does not evaporate perceptibly and the calcium-vapor does not coact 1n the conduction of the current.
In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our signatures in the presence of a witness.
GTLLES HOLST. EKKO OOSTERHUIS. Witness:
AMAN NAGTEGRALF.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US419659A US1485505A (en) | 1920-10-26 | 1920-10-26 | Process for introducing alkali or earth-alkali metals in discharging tubes and the like |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US419659A US1485505A (en) | 1920-10-26 | 1920-10-26 | Process for introducing alkali or earth-alkali metals in discharging tubes and the like |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1485505A true US1485505A (en) | 1924-03-04 |
Family
ID=23663182
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US419659A Expired - Lifetime US1485505A (en) | 1920-10-26 | 1920-10-26 | Process for introducing alkali or earth-alkali metals in discharging tubes and the like |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1485505A (en) |
-
1920
- 1920-10-26 US US419659A patent/US1485505A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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