US1485341A

US1485341A - John waldhexm

Info

Publication number: US1485341A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1924-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 1941-02-26

Description

- Feb. 26, 1924-. 1,485,341 v J. WALDHEIM COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Dec 11. 1920 w; a by Af/or Patented Feb. 26, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN WALDEEIM, OI ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB TO UNDEBWOOD COMPUT- ING MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION NEW YORK.

COIPU'I'ING MACHINE.

Application filed December 11, 1920. Serial 110. 429,888.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN Waummu, a citizen of the United States, residing in Elizabeth, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Computing Machines, of which the following 18 a specification.

This invention relates to the registers of computing machines, rticularly those of the t pe known as'tlie nderwood standard book eeping machine, by which both typewritin and computing operations may be Broadly stated, the object of the invention is to provide means for indicating to the operator the kind of computing operation which has taken place and been run up on the number-wheels; for example, whether an adding or a subtracting operation has been run up, and, sofar as the present invention is concerned, regardless'of whether the result of a subtraction operation is of a positive or of a negative character.

The present invention comprises means for indicating to the operator the character of a computing operation which has been run up on the number-wheels of a register. The present invention further comprises means automatically operated concomitantly with the running up of the numbers on the number-wheels, for thereby indicating the kind of computing operation, such as addition or subtraction, which has taken place More particularly, according to the present invention, this indication is given by varying the color of the light reaching the eye of the observer from the number-wheels. Also, according to the present invention, the light may be supplied from suitable electric lamps for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels, and means may be provided for automatically extinguishing these lamps when all of the number-wheels of the register stand at the zero position. In the Underwood standard bookkeeping machine, the number-wheels are rotated in one direction only by means of rack-bars, subtraction being accomplished by what is known as the complemental method, a complemental bar being provided adjacent the number-wheel of lowest denomination, and which moves forward one step farther in running up the result of a subtracting operation than it does during an adding operation. I In carrying out the resent invention, advantage 1s taken of is additional movement of the complemental bar, and the com lemental bar is employed for operating the indicating means. According to a furthat and more particular feature of the invention, the complemental bar may operate a c1rcuit-controller in control of the li hting c rcuits for two lamps of different istinctwo colors, for lighting one ofthe lam s to indicate that an addition operation has n run up on the number-wheels, and for lightmg the other lamp of dilferent color to indicate that a subtraction operation has been run up on the number-wheels, the arrangement being such that one of the lamps will be extinguished concomitantly with the lighting of the other lamp.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanyin drawi Figure 1 is a partial ront-to-rear vertical section of the front part of an Underwood standard bookkee ing machine embod ing the present invention, with the parts 0 the mechanism thereof in position for indicating an addition operation, and also in the position correspondin to the zero position of all the number-W eels, and, therefore, with both register lamps extinguished.

Figure 2 is a similar enlarged view, partly diagrammatic and with parts omitted, showing the parts of the device as being moved to the subtraction-indicating position, just at the completion of such movement.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, showing the indicating device as set at the subtraction-indicating position and about to be moved back to the addition-indicating position.

Figure 4 is a partial elevation, as viewed from the right in Figure 3 and as indicated; by the arrow.

Figure 5 1s a diagram of the electric circuits and mechanical parts involved, with both register lamps extinguished, corresponding to the zero position of all the number-wheels.

In the Underwood standard bookkeeping machine in part illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and in which the present invention is embodied, a totalizer or register is shown which includes, as usual, a plurality of coaxially-arranged number-wheels 1, all of these number-wheels .being substantially alike, and each having the usual series of digits or numerals upon its peri hery, which forms he numeral-bearing ace of the number-wheel. The number-wheels 1 are journaled on a shaft 2 and are rotated in one direction only by means of rack-bars 3, meshing with pinions 4 which may have the usual one-wa connection with the number-wheels 1. %or holding the numberwheels 1 at any indicatin positions to which they may be moved, eac of these numberwheels is rovided with detent teeth 5 between which yieldingly engages a springpressed detent 6 pressed to the engaging position by a retractile spring 7, the detent 6 being pivoted on a rod 8 which is parallel to the number-wheel shaft 2. Two of the adjacent teeth 5 of each number-wheel 1 are cut away to provide therein recesses 9, thereby to permit the detent 6 to seat more deeply between these two adjacent teeth at the zero position of the number-wheels, for a purpose pertinent to the present invention which will hereinafter appear. .The machine has the usual frame 10 and casing 11, having therein a sightopening or window, closed by a glass 12, in position for reading the indication given by the line of numerals visible therethrough on the numeral-bearing peripheral faces of the number-wheels 1. The sight-opening or window may be roperly restricted, particularly as to its wi th, by means of a marginal shield 13 at the back of the glass plate 12 forming the window.

The Underwood standard bookkeeping machine is constructed to perform both adding and subtracting operations as may be desired, and for efiecting a subtraction operation, what is known as the complementary method is employed, as is fully described in prior atents among which may be mentioned t e patent to Hans Hanson, No. 1,278,812, dated September 10, 1918, and the patent to John N. Thornton, No. 1,283,360, dated October 29, 1918. In performing a subtraction operation by the complemental method, the number-wheels 1 are rotated in the same direction as in performing an addition operation, but for effecting subtraction these number-wheels are rotated to an extent equal to the complement of the numbers corresponding to the numeral-keys struck. In the machine illustrated in the drawings, the rack-bars 3 are driven by a general operator (not shown) in the usual manner, and the additional step of rotation is imparted to the lowest denominational number-wheel 1 by means including a supernumerary or complemental bar 14 adjacent to this number-wheel. Said complemental bar 14 is driven forwardly at each actuation of the general operator and moves idly and always the same distance during an addition operation. During a subtraction operation, however, the complemental bar 14 is driven about one di it distance further forwardly and is also e ective to drive the rack-bar 3, of the lowest denominational number-wheel, one digit distance further than the number set on said rack-bar, to make up for the mathematical error of 1,

in the lowest denominational position, which is characteristic of the complemental method. This complemental bar 14 thus moves this additional step regardless of whether the subtraction operation produces a positive or a negative result. In carrying out the present invention, the device now to be described for indicating whether an adding or a subtracting operation has been run up on the number-wheels is controlled by the complemental bar 14. In the form of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings, such indication is given y varying the color of the light reaching the eyes of the operator through the window 12 from the numeral-bearing peripheral faces of the number-wheels 1.

In the form of the invention illustrated in the drawings, lighting means are provided for illuminating the peripheral numeralbcaring faces of the number-wheels 1, automatically-operated means controlled b the complemental bar 14 being provide for changing the color of the light reflected from the number-wheels for thereby giving the desired indication. Such lighting means comprise a pair of miniature incandescent lamps 15 and 16 within the casing 11, res )ectively just at the front and rear of the sight-opening 12, and held in place by clamps 17 and 18 secured to the casing 11. These register lam s 15 and 16 are of distinctively different co ors; for example, the forward lamp 15 may emit a white light, while the rear lamp 16 emits a red light. The white lamp 15 and the red lamp 16 may have lamp circuits or lighting circuits independently established therefor, and these lam circuits may be connected in multiple relation to main conductors 19 and 20, including in the main circuit a suitable resistance 21, which may be a desk lamp, as indicated in Figure 5, and the main circuit may also include a manually operable switch comprising a movable contact member or switch-lever 22 co-operative with a stationary contact member 23, for opening the main circuit, when desired, to extinguish all of the lamps.

The lighting circuit for the white indicating lamp 15 includes a conductor24 connecting this lamp to the main conductor 19, and further includes

conductors

25 and 26 leading respectively from the lamp 15 and from the other main conductor 20. The conductor 25 is connected to an upright spring member 27, which at its upper end carries a contact terminal 28, and the conductor 26 is connected to an upright spring member 29, which at its upper end carries a movable contact terminal 30. The contact terminals '28 and 30 are supported adjacent each other but out of contact, and the movable contact terminal 30, which is yieldingly supported by its spring 29, may be moved into contact with the contact terminal 28 for thereby closing a lighting circuit forFthe white lamp 15, as shown at the left in contact terminal 30 is released, it will be automatically moved b its spring 29 to the open circuit position t ereo dia ammatically shown in Figures 2 and 3. imilarly, the red lamp 16 may be included in a lighting circuit comprislng a conductor 31 con necting the lamp 16 to the main conductor 19, and

conductors

32 and 33 leading respectively from the lamp 16 and from the other main conductor 20, the conductor 32 being connected to an upright spr' member 34 which carries at its upper en a contact terminal 35, and the conductor 33 being connected to an upright spring member 36 which at its u per end carries a movable contact terminal 37 normall positioned adjaoent to, but in spaced re ation from, the contact terminal 35. The movable contact terminal 37, which is resiliently supported by its upright spring member 36, may be moved into contact with the adjacent contact terminal 35 for thereby electrically connectin the main conductors 19 and 20 throug the red lamp 16 to establish a lightin circuit for this lamp, as shown at the rig t in Figures 2 and 3. When the movab e contact terminal 37 is released, it will move automatically, by reason of the resiliency of its supporting spring 36, to the o circuit position shown at the right in 1' 1;- ures 1 and 5. The

contactterminals

28 and 30 for the white lamp 15 form a pair, and a similar pair is formed by the

contact terminals

35 and 37 for the red lamp 16, and these two pairs of contact terminals are spaced some distance apart, in a front-torear direction, with the

movable contact terminals

30 and 37 located at the inner sides of the pairs. The lower ends of the respective upright 5 ring members 27, 29, 34 and 36 are rigid y secured, in individually insulated relation, to an insulating base plate 38, and the base plate 38 is supported upon a bracket 39 secured to the inner side of the casing part 11.

' The

movable contact terminals

30 and 37 are controlled by a circuit-controlling device operated by the com lemental bar 14 and includin a switchever 40 pivoted near its mid 1e u n a pivot-pin 41, carried by a sup ortlng bracket 42, which is rigidly secu to, and projects forwardly from, the inner side of the front wall of the cas' 11. The lower end of the switchlever 40 is provided on the front and rear 1 and 5, and when the movable with insulating blocks 43 for engaging the

movable contact terminals

30 and 37, for

moving these terminals to their circuitclosing positions. The upper end ofthe switch-lever 40 is turned over laterally to forma transverse end part 44, which may lie in the path of the advancing front end of the complemental bar 14 as this bar moves forward an additional step in effecting a subtracti operation, as hereinbefore noted. The switch-lever 40 will be maintained at either of its circuit-closing positions b means of a comparatively stron retracti geslpring 45, which at its upper en is ancho to a stud 46 projecting from the bracket 42 above the upper end of the switch-lever 40 and vertically in line with the pivot-stud. 41, and at its lower end the spring 45 is connected to a pin 47 projectin from the switch-lever 40 near the lower en thereof. The arrangement is such that the spring 45 pulls on the switch-lever 40 at one side of its ivot 41 in one circuit-closposition of t is lever, and pulls on the ot er side of the pivot 41 in the other circuit-closing position of the switch-lever 40, so that thereby the switch-lever 40 will be maintained at each of its circuit-cl sing positions, for lighting either the white lamp 15 or the red lamp 16, while the circuit of the other lamp remains o n.

Normally, o for efiectln adding operations, the switc -lev er 4O wi 1 be maintained by its spring 45 at the forwardly-inclined position, shown in Figures 1 and 5, thereby to provide for the lighting of the white lamp 15. While running up on the numberwheels 1 the results of an adding 0 eration, the complemental bar 14 will move idly forward from the full-line sition thereof shown'in Figure 1 to the ot-and-dash line position there indicated, at which position the forward end of the complemental bar will come to rest just about in contact with the transversely-bent upper end 44 of the switch-lever 40, so that no movement will be imparted to the switch-lever. However, in running up the results of a subtractin operation, the complemental bar 14 wifi move forward one, step farther, substantially to the position shown in Figure 2, and in doin so its forward end will engage with an push forward the turned-over upper end 44 of the switch-lever 40, thereby rocking the switch-lever 40 to the forwardly-inchned position shown in Fi ures 2 and 3, in which it will be maintalned by its spring 45, and thereby closing the lighting clrcuit for the red lamp 16 and opening the li hting circuit for the white lamp 15, whereby the red light from the lamp 16 will indicate that a subtracting o eration has been run up on the number-w eels 1.

Means are provided for restoring or resetting the switch-lever 40 from the subtraction-indicating osition thereof, shown in Figures 2 and 3, ack to the addition-indicating position thereof, shown in Fi ures 1 and 5.' or this purpose, a yielding y mounted pawl-member 48 is pivoted at its forward end on the switch-lever 40, below and somewhat to the front of the pivot 41 thereof, and projects rearwardly from the switch-lever, and has a transversely-turned end 49, which may come in the path of a downwardl projecting lug 50 formed on the forward en of the complemental bar 14. The pawl-member 48 is pressed upwardly by a spring 51 and normally into contact with a stop-pin 52 projecting from the switch-lever 40, so that the y from the switch-lever substantially at right angles thereto, as shown in Figures 1 and 3. In running up the result of a subtracting operation, the complemental bar 14, as hereinbefore noted, will continue its forward movement beyond the dot-and-dash line position thereof shown in Figure 1, to the additional-step position thereof shown in Figure 2. The downwardly-projecting lug on the complemental bar 14, in this further movement, will pass just above the transversely-turned end 49 ofthe pivoted pawlmember 48, so that, as the complemental bar 14 continues its forward movement, carrying with it the upper end 44 of the switch-lever 40, the spring 51 will yield and permit the switch-lever 40 to move pivotally relatively to the pivoted pawl-member 48, over the transverse end 49 of which the lug 50 on the complemental bar 14 will slide, as shown in Figure 2.

When the complemental bar 14 is retracted rearwardly upon the return movement of the general operator, the pivotally-mounted pawl-member 48 will be snapped back by its spring 51 into contact with its stop-pin 52, as shown in Figure 3. In this position of the movable parts of the circuit-controlling device, the laterally-projecting end 49 of the pawl-member 48 will lie in the path of the lug 50 as the complemental bar 14 is moved forward to run up the next succeeding result, which may be that of an adding 0 eration. In such case, the lug 50 on the complemental bar 14 will strike against the end 49 of the pivoted pawl-member 48 and will rock the switch-lever 40 in a clockwise direction from the subtraction-indicating position thereof, shown in Figures 2 and 3, to the additionindicating position thereof, shown in Figures 1 and 5. During this resetting operation, the switch-lever 40 and the pawl-member 48 move as a unit, the pawl being maintained in engagement with the pin 52 by the spring 51. The final part of each rocking movement of the switch-lever 40, of course, is as sisted by the spring 45. 7

pawl-member 48 normally projects rearwardcircuit for the red lamp 16 will be in an open condition. Converse it is evident that, when the switch-lever 40 is in its forwardlyinclined position, shown in Fi res 2 and 8, a lighting circuit will be provlded from the main conductors 19 and 20 to the red lamp 16, for thereby indicating that a subtracting operation has been run up on the numberwheels 1, while the white lamp 15 will be extinguished.

As a feature of the present invention, means are provided, controlled b the number-wheels 1, for extinguishing t e registerlamp 15 or 16, as the case may be, when all the number-wheels stand at zero, and for lighting one of these register-lamps when any number-wheel is moved away from its zero position. In order to obtain this result, a short circuit is rovided between the main conductors 19 an 20 leading to the registerlamps, and this short circuit is opened for lighting one of the re ister-lamps when any number-wheel 1 of t e register is moved away from its zero position. In the subsequent computing operations, either the white lamp 15 will be lighted, or the red lamp 16, depending upon whether the result of an adding operation or the result of a subtracting operation is run up on the numberwheels, through the movement of the usual general operator, as above described.

The short circuit for the register-lamps 15 and 16 includes conductors53 and 54 leading respectively from the main conductors 19 and 20. The short circuit, through the

conductors

53 and 54, is normally maintained in open condition by means of a transverse bail-member 55 universal to all of the detents 6 and having at its ends rock-arms 56 pivoted on the pivot-rod 8 for the detents 6. The upper end of one of the bail-arms 56 engages a strip 57 of insulating material between a stiff sprin plate 58 and a flexible s ring plate 59, t e lower ends of the insu ating strip 57 and plates 58 and 59, which form contact terminals, being secured by a screw 60 to the usual front bar or rail of the frame 10. The contact springs 58 and 59 are insulated from the frame 10 by means of insulating members 61 through which the screw 60 passes. The movable contact terminal or flexible contact s ring 59 has a rearwardlyturned upper en 62, which is normally in circuit-closing contact with the u per end of the stationary contact terminal or stifi contact spring 58. The universal bail-member 55 may act through the insulating stri 57 to move the contact-making spring en 62 of the flexible spring 59 away from the stifi s r' 58 thereby to o the short circuit w ii dh includes the conclii c tor 53 connected to the stiff sprin 58 and the conductor 54 connected to the exible spring 59.

When all of the number-wheels 1 are brought to their zero positions, all of the detents 6 will be moved by their sprin 7 into the recesses 9, thereby permittin t e universal bail-member 55 to be move by means of sprin 63 connected thereto and one of which is shown in Figure 1, to a rearward position which will enable the u per contact-making end 62 of the flexib l spring 59 to move into contact with the upper end of the stiff spring 58, thereby completing the short circuit throu h the

conductors

53 and 54 and extinguis ing whichever of the register-lamps 15 or 16 may have been lighted. The detent-receivin notches between all the remaining number-w eel teeth 5, corresponding to the digits 1 to 9, inclusive, are of suficiently small dimensions to cause the detcnts 6 to hold the universal bail-member at a forward position in which it holds the contact-making end 62 of the flexible contact spring 59 out of engagement with the stiff spring 58, thereby closing the lighting circuit through either the white register-lamp 15 or the red register-lamp 16 whenever any one of the number-wheels 1 st ands away from its zero indication. When the short circuit is closed around the register-lamps 15 and 16, the resistance of the desk-lamp 21 will prevent an objectionable rush of current through the main conductors 19 and 20.

The manually operable switch-lever 22 provides for lighting or extinguishing the desk-lamp 21, as well as the register-lamps 15 and 16, subject to control of these register-lamps, as above described.

The means above described for controlling the register-lamps for thereby indicating to the operator whether or not the register stands at zero is substantially the same as that disclosed in the a plication for patent of Frank W. Blake, erial No. 384,312, filed May 26, 1920 (now Patent No.

1,438,014, dated December 5, 1922). The

present invention, embodying therein features of the prior invent-ion, indicates to the operator whether the register is out of use, and whether, when in use, an adding or a subtracting operation has been run up.

It will be understood that the machine may be chan d from the state of addition to that of su traction in the usual way, as in the Underwood bookkeeping machine, by state-setting means which may include a key (not shown), or may be set automatically, as shown in the Thornton patent herein referred to, to set the machine for subtraction; the machine being automatically set to addition by the actuation of the general operator. It will further be understood that the complemental bar 14 is dependent for its effect, to actuate the ad acent rack bar 3, on the subtraction-settin mechanism. Consequently, it follows t at the means to indicate the kind of computation that has been run into the register is, to some degree, dependent on the state-setting means.

Variations may be resorted to Within the scope of the invention, and portions of the im rovements may be used without others.

aving thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for indicating the results of different kinds of computing operations, and automatically-o erated means to indicate the kind of resu t run up on the number-wheels.

2. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprisin number-wheels for giving indications of different kinds of computing operations, and means automatically operated concomitantly with the running up of the numbers to indicate the kind of computation which has taken place.

3. In a computing machine, the combination of a re ister comprising numberwheels for in icating different kinds of computing operations, and automaticallyoperated means for varying the color of t e light reaching the eye of t e observer from the number wheels for thereby indicating the kind of computing operation which has taken place.

4. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprisin number-wheels for indicating different kin s of computing 0 erations, lighting means forilluminating t e numeral-bearing faces of the numberwheels, and automatically-operated means for varying the color of the light from said lighting means reaching the eye of the observer by reflection from the number-wheels for thereby indicating the kind of computing operation which has taken place.

5. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for indicating different kinds of computing operations, lighting means for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the numberwheels, means for extinguishing the lighting means when all of the number-wheels reach the zero position and for lighting the lighting means when any one of the numberwheels is moved away from its zero position, and automatically-operated means for varying the color of the light from said lighting means reaching the eye of the observer by reflection from the number-wheels for thereby indicating by the color of the li ht the kind of computing operation which as taken place.

6. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels and means to indicate the character of the result to be read from the number-wheels, including means for changing the color of the light received by the eye of the observer from the number-wheels when the character of said result is changed.

7. In av computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for giving indications of addin and subtractmg operations, and automatically-o rated means to indicate whether an ad ing or a subtracting operation has been run up on the number-wheels.

8. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for giving indications of adding and subtracting operations, and means automatically operated concomitantly with the running u of the numbers to indicate whether an ad ing or a subtracting operation has taken place.

9. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for giving indications of adding and subtracting operations, and automatically-operated means for varying the color of the light reaching the eye of the observer from the number-wheels for thereby indicating whether an adding or a subtracting operation has taken place.

10. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels "for iving indications of adding and subtracting operations, lighting means for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels, and automatically-o erated means for varying the color of the light from said lighting means reaching the eye of the observer by reflection from the number-wheels for thereby indicating by the color of the light whether an adding or a subtracting operation has taken place.

11. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for giving indications of adding and subtracting operations, means including rackbars for actuating the number-wheels in one direction only, a complemental bar adjacent the number-wheel of lowest denomination and which moves a greater distance in running up a subtracted number than it does when an added number is run up, and means controlled by the com lemental bar for indicating whether an ad ing or a subtracting operation has been run up on the number-wheels.

12. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for giving indications of adding and subtracting operations, means including rackbars for actuating the number-wheels in one direction only, a com lemental bar adjacent the number-wheel 0 lowest denomination and which moves a greater distance in runn g up a subtracted number than it does when an added number is run up, lighting means for illuminatin thenumeral-bearing faces of the number-w eels, and means controlled by the complemental bar for varying the color of the light from said lighting means reaching the eye of the observer by reflectionfrom the number-wheels for thereby indicating by the .color of the light whether an adding or a subtracting operation has been run up on the number-wheels. 13. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for giving indications of adding and subtracting operations, means including rackbars for actuating the number-wheels in one direction only, a complemental bar adjacent the number-wheel of lowest denomination and which moves a greater distance when a subtracted number is run up than it does when an added number is run up, lighting means for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-whale, means controlled by the number-wheels for extinguishing the lighting means when all of the number-wheels stand at the zero position and for lighting the li htin means when any one of the num r-w heels is moved away from its zero position, and means controlled by the complemental bar for varying the color of the light from said lighting means reaching the eye of theobserver by reflection from the number-wheels for thereby indicating by the color of the light whether an adding or a subtracting operation has been run up on the numberwheels.

14. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for iving indications of adding and subtracting operations, means including rackbars for operating the number-wheels in one direction only, a complemental bar adjacent the number-wheel of lowest denomination and which moves a greater distance in running up a subtracted number than it does when an added number is run up, an electric lam of one color for illuminating the numera -bearing faces of the numberwheels, another electric lamp of a different color also for illuminating the numeralbearing faces of the number-wheels, a lamp circuit in which said first lamn may be included to light the lamp, a second lamp circuit in which said second lamp may be included to light the lamp, and means including a circuit-controlling device operated by the complemental bar for concomitantly opening one of the lamp circuits and closing the other, and vice versa, thereby to indicate by the color of the lamp which is lighted whether an adding or a subtracting 0 ration has been run up on the number-w ieels.

15. In a computing machine, the combination of a. register comprising number-wheels for giving indications of adding and subtractmg operations, means including rackbars for operating the number-wheelsin one direction only, a complemental bar adjacent,

the number-wheel 0 lowest denomination and which moves a greater distance in running up a subtracted number than it does when an added number is run up, an electric lamp of one color for illuminati the numeral-bearing faces of the number-w eels, another electric lamp of a different color also for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels, a lam circuit in which said first lamp ma be inc uded to li ht the lamp, a second amp circuit in w 'ch said second lamp may be included to light the lamp, and means includin a circuit-controlling device operated by the complemental bar for concomitantly opening one of the lamp circuits and closing the other, and vice versa, thereby to indicate by the color of the lamp which is lighted whether an adding or a subtracting operation has been run up on the number-wheels; said circuit-controlling device com rising a pair of open contacts in said first amp circuit, a similar air of open contacts in said second lamp circuit, and a pivoted switch lever operated by the complemental bar for closing one of said airs of contacts in the addition position 0 the complemental bar and for closing the other of said pairs of contacts in the subtraction position of the complemental bar.

16. In a computing machine, the combination of a re ister comprising number-wheels for giving Indications of adding and subtracting operations, means including rackbars for operating the number-wheels in one direction only, a com lemental bar adjacent the number-wheel 0 lowest denomination and which moves a greater distance in running up a subtracted number than it does when an added number is run up, an electric lamp of one color for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels, another electric lamp of a different color also for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels, a lam circuit in which said first lamp may be included to li ht the lamp, a second lam circuit in whic said second lamp may be included to light the lamp, and means includin a circuit-controlling device operated by t e complemental bar for concomitantly opening one of the lamp circuits and closin the other, and vice versa, thereby to in icate by the color of the lamp which is lighted whether an adding or a subtracting operation has been run u on the number-wheels; said circuit-control mg device comprising a pair of open contacts in said first lighting circuit, a similar pair of open contacts in said second lighting. circuit, a two-armed pivoted switch lever for closing one of said vpairs ofcontacts in one of its pivotal poand projecting therefrom in position to be engaged by the end of the complemental bar in the lesser movement of this bar in running up the result of an adding operation for thereby resetting the switch lever from its subtraction-indicating osition back to the addition-indicating position.

17. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for giving indications of adding and subtracting operations, means including rackbars for operating the number-wheels in one direction only to run up the numbers on the number-wheels, a com lemental bar adjacent the number-wheel 0 lowest denomination and which moves a greater distance in running up a subtracted number than it does when an added number is run up, an electric lamp of one color for illuminatin the numeral-bearing faces of the number-w eels, another electric lamp of a different color also for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels, means for establishing a li hting circuit for each lamp, means inclu ing a circuit-controlling device operated b the complemental bar in control 0 both lig ting circuits for lighting a lamp of one color to indicate that an addition opleration has been run up on the numberw eels and for lighting the lamp of another color to indicate that a subtraction operation has been run up on the number-wheels, and means including a circuit-controller controlled by the number-wheels for controlling the lighting circuits of both lamps to prevent the lighting of any lamp when all of the number-wheels are at the zero position and to provide for the lighting of a lamp when any number-wheel is moved away from its zero position.

18. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising numberwheels for giving indications of adding and subtracting operations, an electric lamp for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels to indicate an addition operation, another electric lamp of different color also for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the numberwheels to indicate a subtracting o eration, and automatically-operated means or lighting one of the lamps when an adding operation is run u an the number-wheels and for extin ialiiing the hted lamp and lighting other lamp w on a subtracting operation is run up on the number-wheels.

19. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for giving indications of adding and subtracting operations, an electric lamp for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels to indicate an addition operation, another electric lamp of different color also for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels to indicate a subtracting o eration, automaticallyoperated means or lighting one of the lam when an adding operation is run up on t e number-wheels and for extinguishing the lighted lam and lighting the other lamp when a su tractin operation is run up on the number-whee s, and automatic- 9. y-operated means to revent the lighting of any lamp when all 0 the number-wheels are at the zero position and to provide for the lighting of a lam when any numberwheel is moved away rom its zero position.

20. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for iving indications of adding and sub tracting operations, an electric lamp of one color for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels to indicate by such color that an adding operation has been run up on the number-wheels, another electric lamp of a different color also for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels to indicate that a subtracting operation has been run up on the numberwheels, means for establishing a lighting circuit for each lamp, and means con itioned by the setting of the machine from a condition of addition to a condition of subtraction for extinguishing the addition-indicating lamp and concomitantly lighting the subtractionindicating lamp, and conversely conditioned for extinguishing the subtraction-indicating lamp and relighting the addition-indicating lamp when the machine is reset from the condition of subtraction to the condition of addition.

21. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-wheels for 'ving indications of adding and subtracting o rations, an electric lamp of one color for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels to indicate by such color that an adding operation has been run up on the number-wheels, another electric lamp of a different color also for illuminating the numeral-bearing faces of the number-wheels to indicate that a subtracting operation has been run up on the number-wheels, means for establishing a lightin circuit for each lamp, means conditione by the setting of the machine from a condition of addition to a condition of subtraction for extinguishing the additionindicating lamp and concomitantly lighting the subtraction-indicating lamp, and conversely conditioned for extinguishin the subtraction-indicating lamp and relig ting the addition-indicating lamp when the machine is reset from the condition of subtraction to the condition of addition, and means includin a circuit-controller controlled by the mini er-wheels for controlling the lighting circuits of both lamps to prevent the lighting of any lamp when all the numberwheels are at the zero position and to provide for the lighting of a lamp when any number-wheel is moved away from its zero position.

22. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number- 'vheels for giving indications of adding and subtracting operations, and automaticallycperated means influenced by the setting of the machine from a condition of addition to a condition of subtraction, or vice verse, to indicate whether an adding or a subtracting operation has been run up on the number-wheels.

23. In a computing machine, the combination of a register comprising number-bear-' ing elements, and automatically-operated means comprising two lamps of dliferent colors to indicate the kind of computation run into the number-bearing elements.

24. In a computing machine to perform addition and subtraction comprising a register having number-wheels, a white light to illuminate the number-wheels when an added number is run into the register, a red light, and means to automatically extinguish the white light and illuminate the numberwheels with the red light when a subtracted number is run into the register.

JOHN WALDHEIM.

Witnesses:

Eon-r1 B. LIBBDI, CATHERINE A. Newman.