US1485003A - Fist available cop - Google Patents

Description

Patented Feb. 26; 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT orricn.

CLIFFORD A. WOODBURY', OF MEDIA, PENNSYLVANLA, ASSIG'NOR T E. I. DU PON'I. DE

NEMOURS 6: COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A, CORPORATION OF DELA- R'o' Drawing.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, Cmrrom) AhWooIr nomrya. citizen }of "the 'United States, and aresiclentiof Media in the county of Delawere andstate oi Pennsylvania, here inrefiem eertaih. new and useful High Explosives, of which the following a specification. I Y

This intention relates to explosives, and 10 particularly to dynamites, containing at an essential constituent} al1ydroca,rbon' derivativeeomprisin'g.a;chain .of carbon: atoms and having :1 nitro group (-NO,) and a nitrate up (-O-NOQ attached, res ectively to 16 two adjecenti'oerbonatoms ofgei chain.

Ethe wco mmonest and: most successful types of -dy'namite now used, nitr0lycerine constitutear the mostfimportnnt 0 all the ingredients: oBeingr a. l i,rfuid",of high av- "pro uce'e lastic iigh density' ynaen the obilit even when mall 'pe'reenuge;c impel-ting ori e power however, ainumber i idr'h e ree n p t h beenmeQe-tenroduce rid of ,.'lov'12 freezing an 0 "from 'nitro lycerine.; Fo 1-exan1pl minoniumnitratc; nitro iaromatios nitrated s'n'g'nrs, etc.,- are pert oi the nitro lycerinc,

such; asaethy-lene enclducezfldjrtimiit zippro 1m; ;nitroglyce n bre- 52E1 5 A V v fefco'stlymethoiis necessary in order to' roflucethe"glycols;,. l i

no object of my inven ionis to 'provide lene glycol proliiiig those dlitainbut} these. are zit o yn mit .wmr fi fwnn n pe in Pl I fi-nitro-ethyl nitrate men Eirrmsrvn.

Application filed Jamiary 1'4, 1922. Serial 1%. 529,400.

carbon in which a nit-r0 group is attached to one carbon and a nitrate group attached. 55.

to an adjacent oarhonntom.

An explosive made in accordancewith my invention, may contain one ingredient any pounds of-this type can be produce cheaply by pas-icing the gaseous ethylenic hydrocarbon, for example, ethylene or propylene, directly into unmixed acid containing 50% H and HNO under agitation and cooling, the temperature being kept between 10 and 30 C., and preferably at 20 C. A reaction takes place whereby a portion of the hydrocarbon, nssuming this for example to be ethylehg-is transformed into a mixture 0011- sisting chiefly of fi-nitro-ethyl nitrate and ethylene glycol (linitrnte. On standing, this mixture separates from the acid as an oily product and may be purified by washing repeatedly with Water.

If desired, I may then isoiete the beta-- nitro-ethyl nitrate or other betwnitro alkyl nitrate, astlie casemey be, by vacuum: frectional distillation, but since this'is a tedious and dangerous operation I prefer to use the in mixture with the ethylene glycol dinitrntewhich isproduced with it.

' li-nitro-cthyl nitrate is a, liquid with l agravity of about 1.47. It has a very high oxycontent and a nitrogen content of 20.6%;

gen

liquid obtained as (lo-scribed abo'ie, con- The taming (fi-nitro ethyl nitrate and nitrate, has a gravity of 1.48-1.49 at 63? F. and a. nitrogen content of about 18% tlmugh this may varfdepe'nding upon the-exact; method of treatment. This liquid has remained unfrozen at a temperature as low as.

40 F. Whom mixed with nitrocellulose the above described liquid becomes gelatinizeil. have discovered that nitrate and mixtures of B-nitro ethyl nitrate with ethylene glycol dinitrate constitute excellent explosives, especially when used in dynamites of the composition hereinafter des 'ihnrli For example, I may absorb th glycol db,

mixture of li-nitroethyl nitrate and glycol dinitrate in a properly balanced mixture of a carbohydrate such as wood meal and an. alkali-metal nitrate such as sodium nitrate, the product consisting a straight dynamite. Or I may use as additional ingredients one or more of the following substances: ammonium nitrate, ammonium' perchlorate, nitro-cellulose, or any-other of the ingredients commonly used in the manufactured commercial nitro-glyoerine 'dynamites' or gelatins. I may in some cases use the mixture of B-nitro-ethyl nitrate in conjunction with nitroglycerine in dynainites or elatins for the purpose of loive'i'in the rcezing oint of the nitroglyceylne, t ereby increasing the tendency of the resulting dynamite to resist freezing.

The followin compositions may be cited as examples of ynamitcs in which this product may be used, though it is to be understood that my invention is not limited to the compositions cited.

Percent. ,Z-nitro-ethyl nitrate 10-30 Ethylene glycol dinitrate 20- 0 Sodium nitrate 55 00d meal M Chalk 1 Per cent. fl-nitro-ethyl nitrate 6 Ethylene glycol dinitrate 12 Trinitroglycerine 22 Sodium nitrate 46 Wood meal 13 Chalk 1 Per cent. {i'nitro-ethyl nitrate 11 Ethylene glycol dinitrate 22 Nitro-cellulosmun 1 Sodiumnitrate 50 Corn starchc- 11 Wood meal 4 Chalk 1 Percent. fl nitro-ethyl nitrate a- 6 Ethylene glycol dinitrate 12 Ammonium nitrate 21 Sodium nitrate 46 \Vood meal 9 Sulphur x; 5 Chalk m 1 Percent.

B-nitro-ethyl nitrate 6 Ethylene glycol dinitrate 12 Ammonium perchlorate 20 Sodium nitrate 44 \Vood meal 17 Chalk 1 Percent.

fi-nitro-ethyl nitrate 25 Sodium nitrate 59 \Voocl meal 15 Chalk 1 Percent.

[i-nitro-ethyl nitrate 3 Glycol dinitrate 7 Ammonium nitrate Wood pulp 10 I claim 1. An explosive mixture containing as one ingredient a product obtainable by the direct nitration, with mixed nitric and sulfuric gradient beta-nitro-eth lnitrate. v--

containing as one iii-- ynamite containing as one in- 5. An exfigosive'nnxture comprising a.--

beta-nitro-a nitrate.

6. An explosive mixture comprising betanitro-ethyl nitrate and sodium nitrate; 7. An explosive mixture compr' an inorganic nitrate and from aboufl tov 30% of beta-nitro-ethyl nitrate.

8. An explosive ;mixture' comprising sodium nitrate and from aboutrll) to 80% of beta-nitro-ethyl nitrate. I

9. A dynamite co n risir'r a. carbohydrate,-=an a; nitrate having from two to four carbon atoms.

sodium nitrate nitro nryi yl nitrate and an inorganic 10. A dynamite comprisin en nitrate, a carbohydrate, and of beta-nitro-ethyl nitrate. 11. A dynamite comprising an nitrate, a carbohydrate, 'bete-nitro-atllyl nitrate and ethylene gl col 'dinitratoi In tes iw -uv whereo I aflii: itul'fo CLIFFORD .LWO EB Yf