US1482840A

US1482840A - Steam-boiles furnace

Info

Publication number: US1482840A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1924-02-05
Anticipated expiration: 1941-02-05

Description

F. J. CROLIUS Feb. 5 1924.

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F. J. CROLIUS STEAM BOILER FURNAGE Filed Jan. 14 )922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 5, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK J. CROLIUS, OF MUNHALL, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-BOILER FURNACE.

Application filed January 14, 1922.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. CROLIUS, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Munhall, in the County of Allegheny and b'tate of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boiler Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to boiler furnaces and more particularly to the combustion chamber of such furnaces, and has for its object -the provision of a novel form of combusti-on chamber adapted particularly to burning powdered, liquid, or gaseous fuels.

Another object is to rovide a combustion chamber that will provide for complete com bustion of the fuel, thus eliminating the loss of fuel caused by partial combustion.

Another object is to so locate the air drafts in the combustion chamber that they will aid in driving the products of combustion up around the boiler tubes.

A still further object is to provide a boiler furnace having the novel design and combination of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the followmg specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of the forward portion of a boiler furnace having my invention applied thereto.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the combustion chamber, of the furnace of Figure 1, partly in section.

Referring more particularly to the drawings the numeral 2 designates `the main combustion chamber as a whole, which is built forward of the boiler and is formed by a bottom wall 3,

side walls

4, 4, front wall 5, back wall 6, and top wall 7.

The bot-tom wall is formed with its forward portion fiat or parallel with the horizontal axis of the chamber and with its rear portion inclined upwardly and joining the back wall 6 which terminates short of the boiler tubes 8 and forms a fire wall or battle w-all for the products of combustion.

The

side walls

4, 4 are flat vertical walls which close the sides of the combustion chamber and extend rearwardly and upwardly so as to close the sides of the whole furnace.

The front wall 5 is a vertical wall which extends upwardly to a point below the lower edge of the forward end of the boiler tubes 8 and serves to support the forward edge of Serial No. 529.294,

the top wall 7. The ltop wall 7 is of the flat suspended type and comprises main supporting girders 9 which extend across the chamber from one side wall to `the other and support brick suspending girders 10 which engge the bricks 12 forming the atop wall. A

iler supporting wall 13 is built along the rear edge of the top wall '7 and serves to support the boiler tubes 8.

The top wall 7 is provided with comparatively long narrow sub-combustion chambers 14 in which partial combustion of the fuel entering the main chambers 2 takes place. The chambers 14 project above'the top wall 7 and have their front and

rear walls

15 and 16 built on opposite angles so as to form a downwardly flaring chamber. The end walls 17 of the chambers 14 `are vertical and the top walls 18 are flat.

The top walls 18 of the sub-,chambers 14 are apertured to receive the contracted discharge port or nozzle 19 of combined fuel and Iair conduits 20, through which powdered, gaseous or liquid fuel may be supplied mixed with air under pressure.

The fuel supplied by the conduits 20 to the sub-chambers 14 will be partly consumed or burned as it enters the sub-chambers, and the partly burned mass will be directed or forced vertically downwardly through the main chamber 2.

A plurality of horizontal air ports 21 are formed in the front wall 5 vof the main chamber and are adapted to admit jets of air, suflicient to support complete combustion, at right angles to the flow of the fuel from the sub-chambers 14 thus thoroughly mixing with the fuel and also serving to force the products of combustion rearwardly against the boiler tubes.

It will be readily seen that with a furnace constructed as above described, the incoming fuel is delivered into combustion chambers having a constantly increasing 1 area. Therefore its velocity will be reduced below entering velocity, and due to the rectangular shape of the combustion chambers, no vortex will result from the flow of air or fuel.

The operation of my improved furnace is an follows- The combined mixture of air and fuel will be forced through the nozzles 19 of conduits 20 under pressure, into the sub-chambers 14 where the mixture will suddenly expand due to increased area of the chamber, and

ignite, being partially combusted or burned. After the furnace has been fired for a short time, the brick walls of the chamber l/l will become very hot, in fact will reach a glowing or incandescent heat, and thus aid in igniting the incoming fuel mixture. The fuel mixture which has been partially combusted in the sub-chambers 14 will be forced downwardly through the main combustion chamber 2, due to its entering pressure, until it strikes the horizontal or fiat portion of the bottom wall 3, then due to the flue draft and the force of the inrushing air from the air ports 21 in the front wall 5 it will be carried back against `the fire or baffle wall 6. The inrushing air from the ports 21 will ybe sufficient to support complete combustion `of the fuel, and due to its flow being at right angles to the flow of fuel from the chamber 14 it will be thoroughly mixed therewith. The wall 6 will become highly heated during the operation of the furnace, and as the flame 4or products `of combustion are driven against this wall, .any unburned fuel particles will be caused to ignite and burn, so that all the fuel will be burned before the products of combustion pass out of the chamber 2 into the furnace proper and around the boiler tubes.

While I have shown and described only one preferred form of my' invention, various modifications may be made without departin from the scope of my invention as define .in the appended claims.

I claiml. A boiler furnace comprising a-main combustion chamber having front, side, top and bottom walls, and a back wall terminati ing short ofthe boiler tubes, a sub-combustion chamber formed in the top wall ofsaid combustion chamber, said sub-chamber having downwardly and outwardly diverging side walls, a combined air and fuel inlet entering the upper end of said sub-chamber,

' said combined air and fuel inlet being adapted to direct a mixture of air and fuel through said sub-chamber and downwardly on a ver tical line within said main combustion chamber, said diverging side walls of said subchamber bein adapted to become incandescent due to t e combustion of the air and fuel mixture within said sub-chamber, and said air and fuel mixture being adapted to expand within said sub-chamber and sweep over said incandescentr surfaces, and a plurality of air inlets formed in said front wall adapted to direct air into said main combustion chamber at right angles to the flow yof partially combusted fuel from said subecombustion chamber.

2. The combination with a boilerl furnace provided with a main combustion chamber having a flat top wall, of a sub-combustion chamber formed in said top wall, saidsubcombustionchamber having downwardly and outwardly diverging side walls forming a downwardly Haring chamber, and a combined air and fuel inlet at the top of said chamber adapted to deliver a mixture ofy fuel and air, which mixture will expand as it passes through said sub-combustion chamber and sweep over said diverging sidewalls.

3. A boiler furnace comprising a main combustion chamber having front, side, top and bottom walls, and a back wall terminating short of the boiler tubes, a plurality of sub-combustion chambers formed injthe top wall of said main combustion chamber, each of said sub-combustion chambers yhaving downwardly and outwardly directed side walls, a combined air and gas inlet entering the upper end of said chamber, said combined air and gas inlets being adapted to direct the gas and air through said subchambers where it will be partially burned, and downwardly on a vertical line through said main combustion chamber, said diverging side walls of said sub-chamber being adapted to become heated due to the burning of said air and gas mixture within said sub-chamber. and said air and gas mixture being `adapted to expand within said sub-chamber and sweep over said heated side walls, and a plurality of horizontal air inlets formed in said front wall of said main combustion chamber adapted to direct air into said main cham-` FREDERICK J. CROLIUS.