US1480306A

US1480306A - Electrical-switching apparatus

Info

Publication number: US1480306A
Application number: US328056A
Authority: US
Inventors: William M Scott
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1919-10-02
Filing date: 1919-10-02
Publication date: 1924-01-08
Anticipated expiration: 1941-01-08

Description

Jam-8 1924.

1,480,306 w. M. SCOTT ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 2, 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet I A TTORNE) Jan. 8 1924.

W. M. SCOTT ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 W L /A/WM SCOTF Jan; 8, 1924. 1,480,306

w. M. SCOTT ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 2, 1919 4 sheets-sheet s INVENTOR.

W/L L MM M. 560 7'7.

Jan. 8, 1924. 1,480,306

w. M. SCOTT ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 2, 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR YMLMA M Mia Qfi/K ZZATTORNEY Patented Jan. 8, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELECTRICAL-SWITCHING APPARATUS Application filed October 2, 1919. Serial No. 328,056.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM M. Soon, a citizen of the United States, residing at Tredyfl'rin Township, in the county of Chester and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Electrical- SW'itching Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. I

My invention relates to circuit breakers and switches in which resetting by hand contact with the switch lever arm is or in which the arm is inaccessible.

The main purpose of my invention is to provide resetting means adapted to reset either of a pair of circuit breaker armsor switch arms and comprising structure movable across their planes of movement.

An object of my invention is to provide in a housing, which may be locked against unauthorized entry, automatic circuit breaker mechanism, operable from the exterior of the housing and preferably of the so-called double arm type comprising independently or alternately operable switch'arms restrained in normal or circuit closing position by latching or equivalent means and automatically tripped by electro-magnetic means.

Furtherpurposes are to provide resetting means which can bc'mounted in front of the circuit breaker or switch; which will operate upon two circuit breakers or switches by successive movements, preferably in reverse directions, the one resetting movement being sharply distinguished from the other; Which is biased toward and returns automatically to a neutralposition; which may be locked in this position to prevent accidental or unautho ized operation; which may be mounted u on or operate through the door of a circuit breaker or switch box, so that it may be operated without necessity for 01 ening the door; and which may preferably be swung away from its operating position to permit full access to the circuitbreakers or switches controlled by it.

lVhere the resetting mechanism is mounted upon or operates through a circuit breaker door or switch box door, further purposes are to indicate the positions of the reakers or switches and to insure complete of the casing 11.

closure of the door with reliable locking, free from direct strain upon the lock.

Further purposes will appear in the specification and in the claims.

I have preferred, to illustrate my invention by but one form among various varieties thereof, selecting a form which has proved to be practical, efficient and reliable and which at the same time Well illustrates the principles of my invention. dangerous I In this preferred form Figure 1 is a side elevation of a circuit breaker to which my invention is applied, the cover being broken away.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same construction with the cover broken away.

Figure 3 is an enlarged side elevation of the circuit breaker and one of the operating arms. 1

Figure 4 is an enlarged front elevation of thecircuit breaker and the two operating arms.

Figures 5 and 6 are a front elevation and a side elevation respectively of my visual indicator. I

Figure 7 is a rear elevation of the indicator in position upon the door with part of the door broken away.

Figures 8, 9 and 10 are a front elevation, a side elevation and a bottom plan view respectively of a locking hook for the door.

Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view of the circuit arrangement of the switch members.

In the drawings similar numerals indicate like parts. a

The metal casing or housing 11 is secured by'screws 12 to a wall, beam or other preferably fixed member and supports the entire structure including the circuit breaker mechanism and its housing. The base 13, of slate or other suitable insulating material, is secured to the casing 11 by screws 14, the base 13 forming in effect the frckrt wall Leading to the top and bottom walls of the casing 11 are the

conduits

15 and 15 having screw threaded ends extending through apertures in the end walls 11 and 11 and held in fixed rela- Upon the front of the base 13 are mounted two breaker mechanisms A and B of a so called double arm circuit breaker mechanism. These two arms may be and preferably are, as illustrated, similar in structure, and therefore a description of one will suffice for the other, the parts in arm B corresponding to those in arm A having referonce characters similar to those in arm A with the addition of prime marks.

Referring to the arm A, it comprisesthe vmain upper and lower terminal blocks 1 and 2 normally engaged and bridged by the movable laminated contact member 3 carried by the arm 21, the latter carrying also the movable shunt carbon contact 4 cooperating with the stationary shunt carbon contact 5,

the contact 4 separating from contact 5 after the bridging member..3 separates from the main terminals, the final are taking place between the contacts 4 and 5 as well understood in the circuit breaker art.

Conductors

16 and 16, of the supply circuit, for example, are disposed in the conduit 15 and connect, respectively, with the studs 19 and 19' which secure the

main terminals

1 and 1 of the two arms A and B upon the base 13 and form electrical con-I with and securing the lower main terminal of the breaker arm B on the base 13is the stud 20 with which connects the other consumption circuit conductor 17, also disposed in the conduit 15.

It will accordingly be understood that the circuit through the arm A is from conductor 16, through stud 19, upper terminal block 1, bridging member 3, lower terminal block 2, through the winding of the electromagnet 32 to stud 20 and thence to one side of the consumption circuit through conductor 17. And the circuitfrom the other supply circuit conductor 16' extends through the stud 19' tothe upper terminal 1' of arm B through its bridging member 3' to its lower terminal block 2 through stud 20 and'conductor 17 to the other side of the consumption circuit. Accordingly the breakers A and B are in series, respectively, with opposite sides of the circuit which they control, as well understood in the art respecting double arm circuit breakers.

The laminated bridging member 3 is carried by the arm 21 pivoted at 22 upon abracket secured to the base 1. The arm 21 is operated by a toggle comprising the link 23 pivoted upon the base at 24 and at 26 1,4so,eoe

to the link member 25, which in turn is pivoted at 27 to the aforesaid arm 21. In the circuit closing position indicated in Fig.

.1, the pivot 27 is slightly below the imaginary line joining the centers of pivots 27 and 26, and the toggle is therefore under-set.

It is prevented from collapsing, however, and thereby holds the bridging member 3 in circuitclosing position indicated, by the I latch 6 engaging the pin or roller 7 carried by the toggle link or lever member 25, and pivoted to a bracket secured upon base 13, the latch thus locking the switching mechanism in circuit closing position. Coacting with the electromagnet whose winding is 32 is the pivoted armature 33 carrying the transversely extending bar 8 having at its end adjacent the breaker A the lug 9 adapted to engage and actuate the tail 10 upon the latch 6.

The operating arm link structure 25 and carries the pin 29 upon which is pivoted roller 30, which latter is in- 28 includes the toggle sulated, preferably by insulating the pin 29,

if desired. Between the roller 30 and the operating arm may be disposed the shield member 31, of insulating material.

Co-acting with the armature 33 of the electro-magnetis the pivoted lever 36 adapted to raise the armature 33 and trip the latches of both breaker arms upon inward movement of the rod 35, which may be occasioned at the will of the operator by pressing in upon the aligned push button member 34 carried by the door 37 of the metal box or housing H secured to the base '13.

The resetting mechanism is mounted on a pivot 38 on the door 37 pivoted to the'hous- 411g H at 37*. I prefer to use two resetting arms, rather than one only. in order to reduce the extent of throw required. 1 The pivot 38 therefore carries diverging oppositely-directed resetting

arms

39, 40 supporting rollers 41,- 42, the arms and rollers preferably being insulated from'the pivot 38. The arms are actuated by a resetting handle43,'so that oscillation of the arms in counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Figs. 2 and 4, will engage the roller 41 of resetting arm 39, with the roller 30 of operating arm 28 of breaker A; and clockwise movement of the resetting mechanism will cause the roller 42 of resetting. arm 40 to engage the roller 30' of operwhich the flattened inner ends of the resetting arms 50 are secured. The flange 48 is shown as of triangular shape and as extended sufliciently to provide two points of attachment for each resetting arm at 51, 51'. Insulation is provided by separate insulating strips 52 and lining insulating tubes 53. The resetting arms terminate in pins 54 upon which are mounted the rollers 41, 42-. In the fitting 45 is mounted a pin 55 to which is secured one end of a spring 56 whose oppositeend is fastened to the door 37. --The relation of the parts are such a to hold the resetting lever normally in or bias it toward neutral position, as it is seen in Figure 2.

In this position, a pin 57, mounted upon fit-.

ting 46 lies in front of an eye 58 secured upon the door, so that a lock 59 may be applied through the eye and about the pin to prevent unauthorized operation of the resetting lever to reseteither of the circuit breakers.

The same reason which makes it undesirable to open the door of the circuit breaker box for switch resetting. makes it desirable also that the position of the circuit breakerswhether open or closed,may be seen from the outside and my visual indicator is provided for this purpose.

In the form shown, the indicators are opposite counterparts. Each comprises a blade 60, pivoted on a pin 61 on door 37. Each blade carries two indicators, 62, 63 for observation through an opening 64 in the door 37.

The opposite end of each disk is laterally extended at 65 and terminates in an insulated disk 66 in such position as to be engaged by the roller upon one of the operating

arms

28, 28 when the latter is in the circuit closing position. The device is weighted so as to lie normally in the dotted line position in' Figure 7, with the lower edge of the blade resting against a. stop 67 and is moved to the full line position in that figure when the circuit breaker is closed. These positions are interpreted by the

surface

62 or 63 which shows through opening 64.

Safety in protection against interference with the circuit breaker, as well as reliab'e operation of the, resetting mechanism require that the door of the box be not only closed, but reliably held in closed position; and the best operation of the resetting mechanism requires that the door be tightly closed so that the resetting arms will at all times engage the operating arms at the same angle and at the same positions. For this reason I have provided retaining and locking mechanism for the door which holds the door tightly closed and looks it there while freeing the lock from strain by the door upon the resetting mechanism. As it is convenient to hinge the door at the top, so that the resetting mechanism can be turned out of the way as far as possible to give full access to the interior of the box, the closing and locking mechanism is most conveniently located at the bottom.

Upon the bottom of staple 68 engaged by a hook 69 upon the swinging arm 70, carried by the door. The end of the hook is tapered at 71 to engage with the edge 72 within the staple opening, so as to force the door tight operation. The end of the staple is pierced at 73 to receive a padlock 74 by which the door is locked in closed position.

The operation is as follows:

Vith the breakers A and B in circuit closing position indicated in Figs. 1 and 2. upon occurrence of abnormal current flow in the circuit, due either to simple overload, short circuit or other condition, the electro-magnet winding 32 will cause attraction of its armature 33, thereby raising the transversely extending bar 8 causing its abutments 9 and 9, associated, respectively, with the latches of the arms A and B, to actuate those latches and free the toggle levers 25 and 25. whereupon the'movable contact members 3 and 3' will swing on their pivots, separating from the main terminal blocks and so breaking each side of the circuit. In so moving to open circuit position the

members

25, 25 and their associated

rollers

30, 30 rotate in counter-clockwise direction about the pivots 26, 26' to positions indicated, respectively, in side and front views in Figs. 3 and 4.

Or should it be desired in advance of an abnormal electrical condition in the circuit to trip the apparatus, the push button 34 is pushed inwardly, causing manual actuation of the armature 33 to trip the latches as above described.

When the breaker mechanism moves to open circuit position the indicating members change position, and the fact that the circuit breakers have moved to open position is therefore made known by these indicating means without opening the housing structure.

lVhen it is desired to close the circuit the operating handle 43 is swung first in one the box I place a direction, for example, counterclockwise, as

viewed in Fig. 4, whereupon the roller 41 will press downwardly upon the roller 30 of breaker arm A, the force exerted by the operator upon the handle 43 having to overcome the spring 56 as well as the resistance offered by the breaker mechanism. Eventually the breaker arm A reaches and is latched in circuit closing position indicated in Fig. 1. The circuit is now still open, because the breaker arm B is open. It may be closed by allowing handle 43 to return to normal position and then swinging it in clockwise direction causing roller 42 to press downwardly upon roller 30 and so move the arm A to circuit closing position and latch it,

shut by wedge the spring 56 again being extended in this closing movement. Upon release of the handle 43 the spring 56 will contract and so return the resetting mechanism to its neutral or normal position indicated.

ll in so moving the second arm B to circuit closing position an abnormal electrical condition obtains in the circuit, immediately the fixed and movable contacts engage each other the circuit will be closed, because arm A has previously been closed, and there will occur an abnormal flow of current which will again sulilciently energize the magnet 32 to attract its armature 33 and actuate both latches, breaker arm- A then being tripped and flying to open position while the operator is still attemi'iting to close the breaker l3, and the circuit is again open or broken. A

Assuming the housing H to have been opened for any reason, to close it the door is closed and locked with the circuit breakers, let us say, in open position, corresponding with the dotted position of the indicator in Figure i'. The resetting mechanism is locked in neutral position. W hen it is desired to reset the circuit breakers, the lock 59 must first be opened, after which the resetting arm is oscillated alternately in opposite directions, resetting first one and then the other of the circuit breakers A and B without regard to the order in which they are set, as above described. Since indicators are provided for the position of the circuit breaker operating arms, either one can be reset, where it alone has been opened, with out going through the form of resetting the other. t

It will be noted that the operation does not require opening of the door and that the position of the switches can be told at a glance b looking at the indicators.

It wil be noted that the circuit breakers and resetting mechanism are entirely distinct and separate "from each other and re quire no further accommodation to each other than POSitlOIllllQ to inter-fit their arcs of'movement, the rol ers mounted upon the ends of the arms, though desirable, not affecting the main principles of the invention.

Other forms of my invention will suggest themselves to the engineer and others skilled in this art, ditl'ering in appearance, location and various characteristics from the example illustrated, but equally within the spirit and scope of my claims.

Certain of the subject matter herein disclosed is disclosed and claimed'in my prior Letters Patent No. 1,389,996, September 6, 1921.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patenet is:

1. In combination,

automatic circuit m nses breaker mechanism comprising movable contact members, a latch for each of said contact members locking the same in circuit closing position, a member common to said latches for tripping them, automatic tripping mechanism, a n'iovable support, means in detached relation to said contact members carried by said support and operable in opposite directions for resetting said contact members in succession, and a manually operable tripping member independent of said means and carried by said support in detached relation to said common tripping member for actuating it.

2. in a resetting mechanism for circuit breakers and other switches, a switch, an operating lever therefor, a box enclosing the switch and having a movable cover, a resetting mechanism tor the switch carried by the cover and movable, when the cover is in closed position. through the path of movement of the operating lever, and wedge-tastening mechanism insuring complete closure of the cover and the operative positioning of the resetting lever.

3. in a resetting mechanism for circuit breakers and other switches, a switch, an operating lever therefor, a box enclosing the switch and having a swinging cover, a resetting mechanism for the switch carried by the cover and movable, when the cover is in closed position, through the path of movement of the operating lever, a wedge hook carried by the cover, and an eye engaged by the hook to wedge the cover shut and insure operative positioning of the resetting lever.

ln a'resetting mechanism for circuit breakers and other switches, switch, an

operating lever therefor, a box enclosing the switch and having a swinging cover, a resetting mechanism for the switch carried by the cover and movable, when the cover is in closed position, through the path of move ment of the operating lever, a wedge hook carried by the cover, a fixed member engaged by the hook to wedge the cover shut and insure operative positioning of the resetting lit) lever, and a lock through the hook to prevent withdrawal thereof.

The combination with a base, of an electric switch thereon, means for restraining said switch in normal position, a magnet arn'iature for actuating said restraining means to trip said switch, a member carried by said base for mechanically actuating said armature to trip said switch, an enclosing housing, a second member carried by and movable with respect to said housing for actuating said first member, and a third member carried by and movable with respect to said housing for actuating-said second member.

6. The combination with a base, of an electric switch thereon, means for restraining said switch in normal position, a magnet armature for actuating said restraining means to trip said switch, a member carried by said base for mechanically actuating said armature to trip said switch, an enclosing housing, a second member carried by and movable with respect to said housing for actuating said first member, said housing having a wall carried by and movable with respect to said housing, and a third member carried by said movable wall for actuating said second member.

7. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a housing enclosing the aforesaid structure, a housing wall pivoted upon said housing, and resetting mechanism detached from, said switch members for resetting them successively carried by said pivoted housing wall and having an arcuate path of movement to and away from operative position with respect to said switch members.

8. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal osition, automatic tripping mechanism t erefor, a housing enclosin the aforesaid structure, a housing wall pivoted upon said housing, and resetting mechanism detached from said switch members for resetting them successively by movements in different directions carried by said pivoted housing wall and having an arcuate path of movement to and away from operative posi-' tion with respect to said switch members.

9. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a housing enclosing the aforesaid structure, a housing wall pivoted upon said housing, resetting mechanism detached from said switch members for resetting them successively carried by said pivoted housing wall and having an arcuate path of movement to a] d away from operative position with respect to said switch members, and manually operated tripping means independent of said resetting mechanism carried by said pivoted wall in detached relation to said restraining means for actuating sad restraining means independently of movement of said resetting mechanism.

10. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members. means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a housing enclosing the aforesaid structure, a housing wall pivoted upon said housing, resetting mechanism detached from said switch members for resetting them successively by movements in different directions carried by said pivoted housing wall and having an arcuate path of movement to and away from operative position withrespect to said switch members, erated tripping means independent of. said resetting mechanism carried by said pivoted wall in detached relation to said restraining means for actuating said restraining means independently of movement of said resetting mechanism.

11. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch arms, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a housing enclosing the aforesaid structure, resetting mechanism carried by said housing in detached relation to said switch arms for resetting them successively, and manually operated tripping means independent of said resetting mechanism carried by said housing in detached relation to said restraining means-for actuatin said restraining meansindependently of movement of said resetting mechanism.

12. Automatic circuitbreaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a housing enclosing the aforesaid structure, a housing wall pivoted upon said housing, resetting mechanism detached from said switch members for resetting them successively carried by said pivoted housing wall and having an arcuate path of movement to and away from operative position with respect to said switch members, a spring attached to said resetting mechanism and to said pivoted wall for biasing said resetting mechanism to normal position,

means for locking said resetting mechanism in said normal position to which biased by said spring, and manually operable tripping means independent of said resetting mechanism carried by said pivoted wall in detached relation to said restraining means for actuating said restraining means independently of movement of said .resetting mechanism when said resetting mechanism is locked.

13. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a support, resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said switch members for resetting them,

and means for locking said resetting inechanism in fixed position to said support.

14. Automatic circuit breaker mechanismcomprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism 1 therefor, a support, resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said switch members for resetting them successively by movements in difi'erent directions, and means for locking said resetting 130 and manually op-' mechanism in fixed position to said support.

15. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a support, resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said switch members for resetting thein, means for locking said resetting mechanism in. fixed position to said support, and means for locking said support against movement away from said circuit breaker mechanism.

16. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a support, resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said switch members for resetting them successively by movements in different directions, means for locking said resetting mechanism in fixed position to said support, and means for locking said support against movement away from said circuit breaker mechanism.

17. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a support, resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said switch members for resetting them, a spring attached to said resetting mechanism and to said support "for biasing said resetting mechanism toward inoperative position, and means for lockingsaid resetting mechanism in said inoperative position. w 4

18. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a support, resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said switch members for resetting them successively by movements in different directions, a spring attached to said resetting mechanism and to said support for biasing said resetting mechanism toward inoperative position, and means for locking said resetting mechanism in said inoperative position.

19. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a support, resetting mechanism carried by said support in detach-ed relation to said switch members for resetting them, a spring attached to .said resetting mechanism and to said support for biasing said resetting mechanism toward inoperative position, means for locking said resetting mechanism in said inoperative position,

and manually operable tripping means independent of said resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said restraining means for actuating said restraining means independently oi movement of said resetting mechanism.

20, Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a support, resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said switch members for resetting them successively by movements in different direc tions, a spring attached to said resetting mechanism and to said support for biasing said resetting mechanism toward inoperative position, means for locking said resetting mechanism in said inoperative position, and manually operable tripping means independent oi said resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said restraining means tor actuating said restraining means independently of movement of said resetting mechanism.

21. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a support, resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said switch members for resetting them, a spring attached to said resetting mechanism and to said support torbiasing said resetting mechanism toward inoperative position, means for locking said resetting mechanism in saidninoperative position, manually operable tripping means independent of said resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said restraining means for actuating said restraining means independently of movement of said resetting mechanism, and means for locking said support in position in which said resetting mechanism and said manually operable tripping means are disposed in their operative positions with respect to said switch members and said restraining means, respectively,

22. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them .in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism there-tor, a support, resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to said switcli members for resetting them successively by movements in (litter-entdirections, a spring attached to said reset ting mechanism and to said support for biasing said resetting mechanism toward inoperative position, means for locking said resetting mechanism in said inoperative position, manually operable tripping means independent of said resetting mechanism carried by said support in detached relation to having an aperture for each of said switch members, resetting mechanism detached from said switch members for resetting them carried by said housing, and indicators coacting with said apertures and movable in unison with said switch members under control of said resetting mechanism for indicating the position of said switch members.

24. Automatic circuit breaker-mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a'housing enclosing said ci r--- cuit breaker mechanism, said housing having an aperture for each of said switch members, resetting mechanism detached from said switch members for resetting them successively by movements in different directions carried by said housing, and members for indicating the positions of said switch members actuated in succession by said resetting mechanism and visible through said apertures.

25. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a housing enclosing said circuit breaker mechanism, said housing having an aperture for each of said switch members, resetting mechanism detached from said switch members for resetting them carried by said housing, and indicators carried by said housing in detached relation to said switch members and movable in unison therewith with respect to said aper-i tures.

26. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in normal position, automatic tripping mechanism therefor, a housing enclosing said circuit breaker mechanism, said housing having an aperture for each of said switch members, resetting mechanism detached from said switch members for resetting them carried by said housing, and indicators pivoted on said housing in detached relation to said switch members and movable in unison therewith with respect to said apertures. 27. Automatic circuit breaker mechanism comprising independently movable switch members, means for restraining them in I normal position,'automatic tripping mecha nism therefor, a housing enclosing said circuit breaker mechanism, said housing having an aperture for each of said switch members, resetting mechanism detached from said switch members for resetting them carried by said housing, and indicators pivoted on said housing indetached rela tion to said switch members and movable in unison therewith with respect to said apertures, each of said indicators biased to--- ward one indicating position and actuated by movement of one of said switch members to a different indicating position.

28. The combination with movable contact structure and restraining means therefor, of an enclosing housing, resetting mechanism carried by said housing and operable from the exterior thereof for moving said contact structure to circuit closingposition, means for preventing circuit closure by said contact structure when'actuated by said resetting mechanism during existence of a predetermined electrical condition, and manually operated tripping means independent of said resetting mechanism carried by said housing in detached relation to said restraining means for actuating said restraining means independently of movement I of said resetting mechanism to trip said contact structure.

29. The combination with movable contact structure and restraining means therefor, of an encloslng housing, resetting mech-' anism carried by said housing in detached relation to said contact structure and operable from the exterior of said housing for moving said contact structure to circuit closing position, means for preventing circuit closure by said contact structure when actuated by said resetting mechanism during existence of a predetermined electrical condi tion, and manually operated tripping means independent of said resetting mechanism carried by said housing and operable from the exterior thereof for actuating said restraining means independently of movement of said resetting mechanism for tripping said contact structure.

30. The combination with movable contact structure and restraining means therefor, of an enclosing housing, a housing wall pivoted on said housing, resetting mechanlsm carried by said pivoted housing wall and operable from the exterior thereof for moving said contact structure to circuit closing position, means for preventing circuit closure by said contact structure when actuated by said resetting mechanism during existence of a predetermined electrical condition, and manually operated tripping means sition, means for preventing circuit closure by said contact structure when actuated by said resetting mechanism during existence of a predetermined electrical condition, means for locking said resetting mechanism to said pivoted housing wall in inoperative position with respect to said contact structure, and means for locking said housing wall.

39. The combination with movable contact structure and restraining means therefor, of an enclosing housing, resetting mechanism carried by a wall of said housing in detached relation to said contact structure and operable from the exterior for moving said contact structure to circuit closing position, means for preventing circuit closure by said contact structure when actuated by said resetting mechanism during existence of a predetermined electrical condition, means for locking said resetting mechanism to said housing wall in inoperative position with respect to said contact structure, manually operated tripping means carried by said housing and operable from the exterior for actuating said restraining means independently of movement of said resetting mechanism for tripping said contact structure, and means for locking said housing wall.

40. The combination with movable contact structure and restraining means therefor. of an enclosing housing, resetting mechanism carried by a wall of said housing in detached relation to said contact structure and operable from the exterior for moving said contact structure to circuit closing position, means for preventing circuit closure by said contact structure when actuated by said resettingmechanism during existence of a predetermined electrical condition, means for locking said wall, and

manually operated tripping means carried by said housing and operable from the exterior thereof for actuating said restraining means independently of said resetting mechanism for tripping said contact structure.

41. The combination with movable contact structure and a latch for restraining it in circuit closing position,-of an enclosing housing, resetting mechanism operable from the exterior of said housing for moving said contact structure to circuit closing position, means for preventing circuit closure by said contact structure when actuated by said resetting mechanism during existence of a predetermined electrical condition, and manually operated tripping means independent of said resetting mechanism carried by said housing in detached relation to said latch for actuating said latch independently of movement of said resetting mechanism to trip said contact structure.

42. The combination with movable contact structure and restraining means there for, of an enclosing housing, resetting mechanism carried by said housing in detached relation to said contact structure and operable from the exterior of said housing for moving said contact structure to circuit closing position, means for preventing circuit closure by said contact structure when actuated by said resetting mechanism during existence of a. predetermined electrical condition, means for locking said resetting mechanism to said housing, and manually operated tripping means independent of said resetting mechanism carried by said housing in detached means for actuating said restraining means independently of said resetting mechanism to trip said contact structure.

WILLIAM M. SCOTT.

relation to said restraining