US1479452A - Safety closure for wall openings - Google Patents

Description

Jan.1, 1,479,452

W. F. CANAVAN SAFETY CLOSURE FOR WALL OPENINGS Filed April ll 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 bran/o" Jan. 1, 1924 1,47%,452

W. F. CANAVAN SAFETY CLOSURE FOR WALL OPENINGS Filed April 11. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG" y g'j Patented Jan. 1, 1924.

UNITED STATES WIILLAM FREDERIC GANAVAN, OF MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA.

SAFETY CLOSURE FOB, WALL OPENINGS.

Application filed April 11, 1923. Serial No. 631,289.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM FnEDnRIo GANAVAN, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and residing at 264 Clifton Avenue, in the city of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec, in the Dominion of Canada, have invented a new and useful Im rovement in Safety Closures for Wall penings, of which the following is the specification.

The invention relates to a safety closure for wall openings as described in the present specification and shown in the accompanying drawings thatform part of the same.-

The invention consists essentially of the novel features pointed out broadly and specifically in the claims for novelty following a description containing an explanation in detail of an acceptable form of the invention.

The objects of the invention are to afford great facllity in the opening and closing of windows and panels in grain elevators, mills, factories and other buildings where it is desirable to close the windows or wall panels in groups and to permit the ready opening of windows in the event of'explosions or other unforeseen happenings and where it is an advantage for the openings to remain free of the closures following the forceful opening due to such causesas occur through spontaneous combustion in grain elevators; to eliminate many of the inconveniences and undesirable features of 18 sash operating devices; to furnish a simple an inexpensive arrangement of parts contain' well known mechanical contrivances appl id l in a novel manner andin new com bination to produce efficiency in operation.

and safety in buildings, and generally to provide a durable and serviceable device,

economical in regard to maintenance andeflicient in respect to safety. I

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a wall showing a group of Figure 5 is a ront elevation of an elevator wall showing a group of windows and panels and the operating mechanism in dotted lines. Figure 6 is a rear elevation group of-windows and panels.

Like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the various figures.

Referring to the .drawings, the windows of the same 1 and panels 2 are preferably hinged at the 'upper ends to the frames 3, the hinges 4 being of any suitable make and allowing the windows and panels to hang downwardly so that'their plates extend downwardly over the next window or panel below of the group in the extensions 5.

. The lugs G and 7 project outwardly from Q the sash of'the window or frame of the panel preferably from a bar 8 though the latter [8 not at all essential to the operation and to these lugs 6 and 7 the connecting rods 9 are pivotal y secured at their outer ends and at their inner ends to the levers 10 and 11 in the fork 12, the in stop 13 being secured across said fork a jacent to the outer end to limit the extension of the connecting rods and levers.

The levers 10 and 11 are formed with a journal opening 14 at their upper ends" and are loosely mounted on the ratchets 15 and particularly on the extending hubs 16 of said ratchets, the latter being fixedly mounted on the transverse shafts 17 also carrying the fixedly mounted worm wheels The pawls 19-are held to the ratchets 15 by the springs 20 and are pivotally secured to the levers 10 and 11 and so long as the transverse shafts remain stationary the said pawl and ratchet mechanisms hold the windows and pawls securely in either an open or'clo'sed position, but the transverse shafts 17 are rotatable in their bearings 21, therefore the windows or panels can always be opened or closed though they will open by force therebehind independent of the rota---- tion of the shaft and the pawls thereby move to a new position on theratchets in which position they will remain on thecloss ing of the windows and panels by the rotation of the said transverse shafts. H

The vertical worm shafts 22 are journalled in the bearings 23 secured to the wall and carry the worms 24, coact'mg with the worm wheels 18, thus locking t e window! and panels to their open positions through the said pawl and ratchet mechanisms until the worm shafts are turned by means of the hand wheel 25, when the ratchets will rotate and allow the windows and panels to close by their own weight.

Briefly the o eration of the invention is as follows :T e windows and anels are first in their closed position an to open them the hand wheels of theworm shafts are turned, which rotates the worm wheels and consequently the transverse shafts. The ratchets turn with these shafts and being engaged by the (pawls the levers are connected and operate to an extended position as far as esired.

The closing is accomplished by reversing the direction of the Worm shaft and thus changing the positions of the ratchets and naturally bringing both pawls and ratchets to their first relative position, that is to say the pawls move down with the ratchets in rotation and keep to the same tooth. Meanwhile the windows or panels close by. their own weight and are held there, un ess an explosion should occur and cause them to fly open bringing the levers and connectm rods to their extreme extended ositions ant coincidentally drawing the paw s from tooth to tooth of each ratchet until the gin sto s of the levers are reached when t e paw s will hold to theratchet teeth and as said ratchets are stationa because of the worm and wheel, the said windows and panels will be held to their open positions to be subseuently closed by the manual operation of t 10 mechanism as explained.

It will be noticed that the closures and windows are pivoted throu h the lugs 26, which project inwardly, so t at the natural tendency of the window or pawl is to swing under t e ivots and thereby closely engage the wall t erearound.

The worm shafts 22 extend through the frames 27 and the worms 23 are within said frames as the latter also form bearings for the transverse shafts.

What I claim is 1. In safety closures for wall openings, 9. hin ed closure, for olding sair closure to its open position and worm and wheel mechanism for opening and closing said closure independently of an emergency movement.

2. In safety closures for wall openings, a hinged closure, pawl and ratchet mechanism for holding said closure and for opening and closing operations, a worm and worm wheel mechanism and a lever operated throuh said pawl and ratchet mechanism by said worm wheel shaft. l

3. In devices of the nature described, a closure hinged to close by its own weight, means for holding said closure to its open position, and means for rotating one memlevers to said closures,

pawl and ratchet mechanism ber of the aforesaid m eans while its coacting member maintains the same position in rearound, a closure hinged from the u per ortion, a transverse shaft journalle in llearings from said frame and a worm wheel carried thereby, a vertical shaft suitably journalled and having a worm engaging said worm wheel, a ratchet fixedly mounted on said transverse shaft and having an extension hub, a lever loosely mounted at the upper end on said," extension hub, a connecting rod from said lever to said closure and a awl spring-held to said ratchet and pivota y secured on said lever.

, 5. In devices of the nature described, a wall havin a plurality of openin and frame wor there around, a plura ity of closures hinged to close b gravity, a transverse shaft ournalled in earings from said frame and a worm wheel carried thereby, a vertical shaft suitably journalled and having a worm engaging said worm wheel, ratchets fixedly mounted on said transverse shaft and having extension hubs, levers loosely mount:

ed at the upper end on said extension hubs connecting rods from said levers to sai closures, and pawls sprin -held to said ratchets and pivotally secured on said levers.

6. In devices of the nature described, a wall havin frame wor there around, a plura ity of closures hin ed to close by gravity a transverse shaft ournalled in bearings from said frame and a worm Wheel carried thereby, a vertical shaft suitably journalled and having a worm engaging said worm wheel, ratchets fixedly mounted on said transverse shaft and having extension hubs, levers loosely mounted at the upper end on said extension hubs, and having a forked end and a pin sto across said end, connecting rods from sai and pawls springheld to said ratchets and pivotally secured on said levers.

7. In devices of the nature described, a wall having an opening and frame therearound,,-a.closurc in the form of a panel havin r hinges at the upper and secured to said rame and a connecting rod lug intermediate of its height, a transverse shaft journalled in bearings from said frame and a worm wheel carried thereby, a vertical shaft suitably journalled and having a worm engagin said worm wheel, ratchets fixedly mountet on said transverse shaft and having extension hubs, levers loosely mounted at the upper end on said extension hubs, conneeting rods from said levers to said closures, and pawls sprin -held to said ratchets and pivotally secure on said levers.

a plurality of openin s and lid 8. In devices of the nature described, a wall having an opening and frame therearound, a closure in the form of a window having its sash hinged at the upper end to said frame and a bar across said sash for a connecting rod, a transverse shaft journalled in bearings from said frame, and a worm wheel carried thereby, a vertical shaft suitably journalled and having a worm engaging said worm wheel, ratchets fixedly mounted on said transverse shaft and having extension hubs, levers loosely mounted a at the upper end on said extension hubs, connecting rods from said levers to said closures, and pawls spring-held to said ratchets and pivotally secured on said levers.

9. In closures for wall openings, a grou of windows and panels in vertical and horizontal rows, a horizontal shaft for each horizontal row of windows or panels or both, ratchets on said shafts for each closure and rotating therewithand having hubs extending therefrom, levers mounted on said ratchet hubs and having stops at the ends,

pawls on said levers spring-held to said connecting rods from said levers toratchets, said closures, a worm Wheel on each of said shafts and a worm shaft having worms corresponding to and coacting with said wheels and operated by a hand wheel.

Signed at Montreal, Canada, this 28th day of March, 1923.

WILLIAM FREDERIG GANAVAN. v

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