US1479343A - Surgical instrument - Google Patents

Description

Jan l y S. A. VAN OSDEL SURGICAL INSTRUMENT Filed Oct. 6. 1920 11K i 3mm 'mnuelfzvn 980245Z.

Patented Jan. 1, 1924.

vSAMUEL osnnr., or JOHSON, irnRAskA.

A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT.

Aiiplifimiin octob'e'r s, 1920. serial No.- 415,031.l

To all whomzt may cof/'warmt'.

yBe it known 1 that I, :SAMUEL VAN OSDEL, Aa citizenV of the- United YStates, and a resident ofJ'ohnson," county of`Nemaha,

`State ot'Nebraska-have invented certain new and lisefullmprovements in y'Surgical Instruments, of' whih the* followir'ig?Y is a specificationf This invention relates to surgical instruments and is herein-embodiedin an instrument of Vspecialfutility in removing enlarged or' diseased tonsilsor thelike, it being understood that by si'mplemodifc'ations'it may be adapted to other 'uses without departing from the spiritof the invention.

In removing tonsils iti's desirable. to crlshtheftissuexandbloodtvessels back of the -caps'ule of` .theftonsil `where the tonsil joins :the gfaucial pillars of theTv throat, and to holdthen.; tightly for ai time, -fwhereby the macerated. wallsof the blood vessels are caused tosticktogether', blood clots can AJorin and the' hemostatic action isfotherwise greatlyg` increased. 'A'pow'erful kcrushing action is necessaryto; produce`V this geiect," and the pressure? exerted, must be sustained -for a time, afterjwhich the gtonsil may be cut from the' crushed v'stvulnpb leaving a layerof macerated tissueon'the,'surface of the stump.

One 'of the obj ectspot this invention is the provisionV oftan, instrument by' which; a powerful crushing action may be" exerted and f sustained, 5 and by Ywhich" the. crushed member may beseveredf'bya distinct cutting action. 3 f Y Ano hermobi'ect; Atheprovision1 ofj an in- Strumentipf this type which,v can, be @fifi ciently` operatedwith one-hand, and which is of simple.'constrnation lso lthat it may be readily vdisasvpselnbledfand cleaned:

1Afurther objeetjisvthe provision offan Y Simmern: .of this tyfpefnhich will facilitate thesight of @Generation ,byf .the operator, and which can be operated with a minimum 0f nonrenisn to. the -patient-- bje ftstor' heinvention and Fig; 3 is a fr'agmentaryvertical longitudinal-sectionof the' structure sh'own'in Fig: 1. Fig. 4 is anv enlarged transverse section taken on line 4in- 4 of'Fig; 1, looking inV the direction o i'fthe' arrows;

` Fig. 5f lis an enlarged fragmentary' longitudinal section'on the linev-' of Fig.'2l

Fig. 6 isla vertical transverse' section on the line6-6 of Fig. 1, looking in thedir'ection vof the arrows; and

' Figi. 7 is affragmentary side elevation of a modifiedform oftheV instrument, the parts being shown as having been' operated to closed position. Y Y

The instrument shownV in the i drawings Vcomprises a frame 11 having a'i" handle l2 rigidV therewith and extendingV at an' angle from thereai" end of the vframe. A cutting blade 13 isslidably' carriedby ltheirame, and istprovidedwithY a'projection; or trigger '14, which. extendsthrough aslot v15 in the` frame.

The forward'endfof the frame is broadened, as lshown in Fig. i2, the corresponding portion of the blade 13 being valso Abroadened and having Aan opening'therein to form longitudinally extendingV lateral lp0rtions 16, and a slightly curved, transverse end portionl'?, the lower@ sideof which is bevele'dasshownat 18 vin Fig.' 5 to rforni Va sharp cuttingedge."` Adjacent its `forjivvard end the forward'endofithe frame is curved upwardly and forwardly: to extend through theopenin'g in the cutting blade13`, slots 19V being formed at the sides of the upfwa'rdly extending portion to r'eceive the'lateral portions 16 ofthe cutting?blade13,.that part kof the framell, however, `which liesabove the cutting blade, being wid'er than the opening in Ythe cutting-blade 13 as shown at' 20 in Fig: 2, so thatfthe Vforwardenol of the blade 13 is 'held' from movementaway from the frame- The opening'in' the cutting blade is long enough 'to permit 'the widened end of the forward end of the frame" Yniemloer to be inserted therethrough after which the cutting blademay berotated to position the lateral portions 416 inlthe slots 19 ofthe frame," and `.be then swung downwardly into engagement with the frame,ithe trigger 14 enteringthefrslot 15 in the frame.

A hemostat member 21 is slidablyy carried by the `frame andvisV spaced therefrom 'by thecutting blade 13, being" widened "at its forward end to'conform to theshape of the corresponding portions of theframe and the cuttingblade 13, This widenedportion is extendeddownwardly at the sides of the widened portion of the frame and cutting blade, and then inwardly, as shown in Fig. 4 to provide ledges 22, which engage the under side of the widened end ofthe frame.

The member 21 and the cutting blade13 are thus held in assembled relation on the frame and are guided in their reciprocatory movement relative thereto and relative to each other, a part 23 ofeach ledge 22 being raised to underlie `and guide the cutting blade 13, as shown most clearly in F ig. 5.

An openingf24 isfformed in the widened end of the hemostat member 21, similar to that in the cutting blade13, leaving a slightly curved transverse portion 25 connected to the body7 of the member 21 by the channel shaped lon itudinally extending lateral portions ,whic constitute the guiding means. The transverse end portion 25 is undercut at 26, as shown in Fig. to receive the end of the frame 13 when the parts are moved to operated position. That part of the opening 24 in the member 21 Whichis'forward ofthe raised end of the frame 13 constitutes a fenestra and, as the `member 21 isV retracted on the frame, the

portion will co-operate with the abutment at the end of the frame to crush and distort the tissues of the tonsil or other member which isv to be removed. "A slot 27 is formed in the hemostat member 21 into which a pin 28 on the cutting blade 13 eX- tends, whereby the reary end of the member -21is held fromzlateral movement relative to the frame.' The'pin28, as well as the triggerV 14 may be integral with the blade 13, or may beV secured thereto by riveting or welding or in any. otherlsuitable manner, and it .will be apparent that the pin and trigger may be formed in one piece and then Vsuitablyv secured to the blade 13,'*if desired.V v r. f .f

A leverr29 is provided for' retracting the hemostat member 21, -being mounted for pivotal movement on the frame 13fso as to swing toward and from the handle'12. This lever is preferably stamped from metal of uniform thickness and has aback 30 from which side fianges 31 are bent to make the bodyot1 the lever channel shapedV in cross section, therebyincreasing its rigidity.

1 and 6, the lateral surfaces of'therear portion 39.01I the member 21. are inclined, to

facilitate springing the yextensions 35 apart to permit the circular ends 37 to snap int the recesses 38. n l, Y

'A iiat spring 41, 'curved as shown in 3, is mounted on the rear of the handleV 12, the handle having a lug 42 thereon which is providedwith laterally extending lips,

Fig.

and the spring having an elongated slot 43 therethrough, soy that the spring may be placed inV position on thelug 42Land rotated 1 about it to the position shown, when the lips on, the lug will overliethe spring and hold-it in place'. Itwill .be understood that the spring41 is suihcientlyfresilient.to `permit it tofbe positioned 4between the-side porv tions of the handle 12 andthe hanges-31 of the l`everg29. f

^ Inv assembling the instrument thel cutting blade 13 isfmounted onvthe trame 11.as previously described, andi retracted Vso that its trigger 14 engages Vthe'frear end of the slot 15, and its sharpened end'portion 17 underlies the upwardly deflected end ofthe frame.. The hemostatmemberfis then slid rearwardly so thatthe channelfsha-ped lateral f portions 'of its forwardend yenvelop the widened ends of the ,fcutting member'13 and the frame 11, there beingy sufficient Y play topermit theflrear end ofthe member toride on the pin 2 8 until .the slot? 27 registers therewith.V The-spring`41is'then put in place onthe handle 12 as described, the

lever 29 is placed in :position "with thefV `rounded ends'33l'in the-recesses'-34, and: the

lever is pivota'llyl connectedto the hemo'sta't member 21 to hold the partsdn assembled relation, byengaging thefcirculafr ends 37 withfthe inclined'surfaees40"to force them apart and 'permit them to snapintolthe recessesS.V .A Y

In the modified form ofinstrument 'shown in'Fig V7 the end' of the levert 29 is formed with side flanges 44 Ywhich engageI onopposite sidesV ofanupwardffextension 45V onV the hemostat blade 21f, ,aT screw 46, or other suitable detachableVV `meinber,V 'passing through theflanges 44and1theextension 45v to pivotally connect the `p'afrtse- The parts are assembled in Vthe samey manner. the screwV 46 being inserted after the lever 29a is placed l lil in positionte hold the-'parts in assembled relation.v

The instrument is i "operatedlf VWhile "d supported in "eitherhand, vit* beingiso held that the forengen i'simposition "to engage the trigger 14'a`nd the `other fingers" engagethc handle 12. When` the instrument has been properly4 positioned relative `"to Athe Vtonsil or' other member to be severed, so that such member extends through 'the' tenestra between the end prtion. 25`otthe hemostat member 21 andthe abutment at the endof the frame 11, and protrudes through' the opening in the cutting 'bladel 13, the 'hemo stat Vmember is'fretractedY to exert a powerful crushing action by gripping "the lever 29 and the'handle' 12. The pressure on these members is sustainedto h'old the tissues and bloodv vessels in 'aI crushed state and fafter" a suitable lapsey of time :the cutting blade V13 of the hand whichholds the instrument with the trigger' ,14,`v the' sharpened' edge of the cutting blade'pa'ssingclose tothe corner at the lower side of theextreme end of' the frame 11; `If it is desired'to use the crushing blade alone, the cutting'blade 13 `may be first retracted so -that the cutting edge underlies the end ofi the frame.

It'will be notedl that, in the operation of the instrument, the centers of they circular ends37 pass over the centers of-therounded ends in the recessesB/l; The spring41 normally tends to'hold theroundedgends33 against the upper end'wallsof the recesses Y will be prevented and the ends 33 will slide upwardly on the forward walls of the recesses 34.

The instrument comprises but few parts, and these are of simple construction and can be readily disassembled and cleaned. It

Vcan be effectively operated by either hand alone, affording a powerful crushing action and an independent cutting action, neither of which requires the use of the other hand.

P The danger of the instrument slipping or twisting with consequent injury to the patient, is much less than it is with an instrument which requires the co-operation of both hands; and the relative sliding parts are held together, thus obviating the danger of catching and pinching the parts against which the side of the instrument is engaged.

Vhile the structure and operation of certain embodiments of the invention have been shown and described it will be understood that changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit of the invention which is deiinedfin the appended claims.

The invention having been thus described, what is claimed is:

1 A surgical instrument comprising a frame member having an abutment thereon and a handle rigid therewith, a crushing blade and a cutting blade slidably carried by said frame and means for retracting said crushing blade and said cutting zqblade toward said handle to cause them to coperate with said abutment.

-2. A surgical instrument comprising a frame, asecondary co-operatingf member slidablyf carrie'db'ylV the frame,l a cutting blade between said frame and said'seconda'l'y cci-operating-member" and having an opening therein throiu'g-hl which a portion ofl the frame'extends, said secondary co-operatlng is retracted by engagement of theforenger member'guidingly engaging said frame* and fhav-inig an abutment for c`o-operation vwith .the end-of the frame,and'means for retracting saidsecondary cti-operatingmember and said cutting blade. v f

39A? surgical instrumentv comprising a framemember having a handle rigid therewith, ase'condary member having an abutment for co-operation with the end of the frame memberl a' blade having a cutting edgea'dapte'd toco-'operatewiththe end of f said frame, fand" independent means operable b'y'fthehand' engaging said'handle for retracting" said bladeandfsaid secondaryV memberto nicvesaid abutmenti and the cutting edge ,of said blade towardrthe forward'end with, a secondary cooperating member and a cutting member ycarried by vsaid frame, said cutting member having an opening therethrough at its forward end through which the end of the frame extends so that the end of said cutting blade when in re-Y tracted position underlies the end of the frame, and means for retractingsaid secondary co-operating member and said cutting member.

atv

6. A surgical instrument comprising Va frame member havingl an Vabutment at its forward end, and a cutting. blade having an opening at its forward end, lsaid frame extending through the opening of the blade and having a laterally extended portion overlying said blade at the side of the opening, and means for sliding said cutting member relative to said frame.V v

7. A surgical instrument comprising 'a frame having a handle rigid therewith and having an abutment at its forward end, a secondary member slidable relative to said frame and having a transverse portion adapted tol co-operate with said abutment, and a lever to the rear of said handle and having a rolling pivotal connection with said frame for moving the transverse portion of the secondary member toward the abutment of theframe and yieldably holding said member toward said frame as said lever is swung toward said handle. Y

8. A surgical instrument,y comprising a frame having an abutment thereon and having a handle 'rigid therewith disposed at an angle relative thereto, a secondary member f sides of said handle.V

9. A surgical instrument comprising a frame having a handle rigid therewith and an abutment thereon, a secondary member.

slidable relative to said frame and having a portion thereof adapted to co-operate with said abutment, and a lever oroperating said secondary member, said lever having a laterally yieldable extension engaging said secondary member to afford a releasable pivotal connection therewith;

10. A surgicalY instrument comprising a frame having an abutment thereon and having a handle rigid therewithdisposed at an Vangle relative thereto, a secondary7 member slidable ,relative to said frame and having a portion ladapted tolco-operate with said abutment,7 and Ya lever for operating said secondary member, `said lever being ofsubstantially uniform thickness throughout and having lateral portions bent forwardly` and pivotally received in openings in the frame vand having a portion pivotally and releasably connected to said'` secondary member.

apertured member, vvmeans for lclamping the Y Y l1. Ay surgical instrument comprising an e i part protruding through said aperture, and a severing blade .movable adjacent to said clamp in a direction toward the operator to sever the protruding para Y Y v In testimony whereof-I aifiX- my signature. Y

SAMUELAgYAN OSDEL.

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