US147887A - Improvement in treating mixed fabrics previous to dyeing - Google Patents
Improvement in treating mixed fabrics previous to dyeing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US147887A US147887A US147887DA US147887A US 147887 A US147887 A US 147887A US 147887D A US147887D A US 147887DA US 147887 A US147887 A US 147887A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- bath
- dyeing
- previous
- improvement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title description 80
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000286 fullers earth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000014375 Curcuma Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000002123 Curcuma aromatica Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002456 HOTAIR Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N Mesotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMXNVYPJWBTAHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium chromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O XMXNVYPJWBTAHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001149655 Rubia tinctorum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000002700 Urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 Wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical class [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000002633 protecting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
- D06P1/67341—Salts or hydroxides of elements different from the alkaline or alkaline-earth metals or with anions containing those elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
- Y10S8/93—Pretreatment before dyeing
Definitions
- the primary object of this invention is the killing of vegetable matter in woolen, silk, and other fabrics made of animal products or material, and it essentially differs from the processes heretofore adopted for cleaning coarse wools or destroying vegetable matter therein, and is designed to be applied to the fabric, and not to the raw material.
- My invention consists in treating woolen and silk fabrics containing vegetable matter or impurities by exposing the fabric to a heated acid bath containing a mordant, for simultaneously destroying vegetable matter in the fabric, and thus preparing said fabric for the dyeing or bleaching operation.
- the subjecting of the fabric, after exposure in the acid bath, to heat of a high temperature is essential to a thorough destruction of vegetable impurities in the fabric, and, by using a mordant in the acid bath, time and labor are economized, and the fabric is less fatigued than when subjected to a number of separate operations.
- Jig-mills likewise may be dispensed with, and much waste is avoided, also hand work known as burling and mending.
- the chemical agents which are used to destroy the vegetable matter or impurities in the fabric may either be vegetable or mineral acids, including all the chlorides-such as chlorides of iron and magnesium, lime, zinc, or aluminum. It is preferred, however, to use sulphuric acid in quantities or of a strength varying with the material to be treated or work to be done. For woolen fabrics a concentration of from 2 to Baum will generally answer; furthermore, the exposure in the bath may either be cold or hot-that is, when the fabric is not the same time;
- warm water for the solution of a temperature not exceeding 80 to 40 centigrade.
- the duration of the fabrids exposure in the bath will also be varied.
- the drying or heating of the fabric, after exposure in the acid bath is preferably effected by means of a current or currents of hot air after the fabric has been well squeezed in a machine for the purpose.
- the temperature of such heated air should be increased with the strength of the bath; but it is not desirable that it should exceed 110 centi grade, to prevent injury to the fabric.
- the fabric is washed in cold or hot water, and afterward passed through a warm alkaline bath composed of fullers earth and carbonate of soda, and the temperature of which should be centigrade. After this the fabric is washed in clear water.
- said fabric is first soaked in clear water, then plunged into a bath of about eentigrade, composed, say, of alum or of sulphate of alumina, or of zinc, or of chloride-of tin, acetate of lead, acetate of alumina, or, still better, of Frzons tin mordant.
- a bath of about eentigrade composed, say, of alum or of sulphate of alumina, or of zinc, or of chloride-of tin, acetate of lead, acetate of alumina, or, still better, of Frzons tin mordant.
- the amounts used of these ingredients will depend much upon the nature of the fabric and other circumstances.
- Means are employed to agitate the fabric in this preserving bath for a period of twenty-five minutes, more or less, after which it is plunged into another bath heated to a temperature of about eentigrade, and containing saponaceous matters.
- the oily or greasy matters form the conservative part of the bath, and, in treating woolen fabrics, such may, in many cases, be omitted, for the reason that, in the usual preparation of such goods, the oil or greasy matter added to them during the process of oiling affords greasy matter enough to pro tect the fabric from the substances employed to destroy the impurities in the fabric.
- the treatment is similar,-and there should be a uniform exposure of the fabric in the acid bath, the temperature varying in an inverse ratio with the concentration of the acid, and the heating or drying part of the process should be done rapidly.
- the fabric is washed in several waters, and passed into a bath containing fullers earth and a suitable alkali, such as urine or carbonate of soda, and is afterward rinsed thoroughly, when it is ready for dyeing of the required deep shade.
- a suitable alkali such as urine or carbonate of soda
- Frzons tin mordant For dyeing yellow colors, it is preferred to use in the bath Frzons tin mordant to the extent of about ten per cent. of the weight of the fabric, of alum about ten per cent., and of curcuma from six to seven per cent.
- the strength of the sulphuric acid'in the bath should be about 5 Baum, and its temperature not exceed 30 centigrade.
- About half of a kilogram of OX- alic acid to each thousand liters of water should be added, and the fabric agitated in said bath for half an hour, more or less, and afterward be squeezed and dried, as before.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Description
required to be mordanted at nrrnn STATES 'OFFIGE.
JEAN BAPTISTE FREZON THE ELDER, OF PARIS, FRANCE.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 147,857, dated February 24,1874; application filed January 23, 1874.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, JEAN BAPTISTE FmizoN the elder, of the city of Paris, France, have in vented certain Improvements in the Treatment and Preparation of Fabrics Made from 7001, Silk, and other Animal Products or Material, of which the following is a specification:
The primary object of this invention is the killing of vegetable matter in woolen, silk, and other fabrics made of animal products or material, and it essentially differs from the processes heretofore adopted for cleaning coarse wools or destroying vegetable matter therein, and is designed to be applied to the fabric, and not to the raw material. My invention consists in treating woolen and silk fabrics containing vegetable matter or impurities by exposing the fabric to a heated acid bath containing a mordant, for simultaneously destroying vegetable matter in the fabric, and thus preparing said fabric for the dyeing or bleaching operation.
It may here be observed that the subjecting of the fabric, after exposure in the acid bath, to heat of a high temperature is essential to a thorough destruction of vegetable impurities in the fabric, and, by using a mordant in the acid bath, time and labor are economized, and the fabric is less fatigued than when subjected to a number of separate operations.
Jig-mills likewise may be dispensed with, and much waste is avoided, also hand work known as burling and mending.
The chemical agents which are used to destroy the vegetable matter or impurities in the fabric may either be vegetable or mineral acids, including all the chlorides-such as chlorides of iron and magnesium, lime, zinc, or aluminum. It is preferred, however, to use sulphuric acid in quantities or of a strength varying with the material to be treated or work to be done. For woolen fabrics a concentration of from 2 to Baum will generally answer; furthermore, the exposure in the bath may either be cold or hot-that is, when the fabric is not the same time;
but, generally, it is preferred to use warm water for the solution of a temperature not exceeding 80 to 40 centigrade. The duration of the fabrids exposure in the bath will also be varied.
The drying or heating of the fabric, after exposure in the acid bath, is preferably effected by means of a current or currents of hot air after the fabric has been well squeezed in a machine for the purpose. The temperature of such heated air should be increased with the strength of the bath; but it is not desirable that it should exceed 110 centi grade, to prevent injury to the fabric. Following such treatment the fabric is washed in cold or hot water, and afterward passed through a warm alkaline bath composed of fullers earth and carbonate of soda, and the temperature of which should be centigrade. After this the fabric is washed in clear water.
To prevent the animal base or matter of the fabric from being injured or destroyed by the chemical agents employed to kill the vegetable matters or impurities, said fabric is first soaked in clear water, then plunged into a bath of about eentigrade, composed, say, of alum or of sulphate of alumina, or of zinc, or of chloride-of tin, acetate of lead, acetate of alumina, or, still better, of Frzons tin mordant. The amounts used of these ingredients will depend much upon the nature of the fabric and other circumstances. Means are employed to agitate the fabric in this preserving bath for a period of twenty-five minutes, more or less, after which it is plunged into another bath heated to a temperature of about eentigrade, and containing saponaceous matters. The oily or greasy matters form the conservative part of the bath, and, in treating woolen fabrics, such may, in many cases, be omitted, for the reason that, in the usual preparation of such goods, the oil or greasy matter added to them during the process of oiling affords greasy matter enough to pro tect the fabric from the substances employed to destroy the impurities in the fabric. For silk goods the treatment is similar,-and there should be a uniform exposure of the fabric in the acid bath, the temperature varying in an inverse ratio with the concentration of the acid, and the heating or drying part of the process should be done rapidly.
To simultaneously destroy the vegetable impurities in the fabric, and to mordant the latter preparatory to dyeing, there will be certain necessary changes, according to the shades it is required to dye the fabric. Thus,
2 mass? for deep shades, in a sulphuric-acid bath of 1 Dannie, there should be added of chromate of potash about three per cent. of the weight of the fabric, and of alum as conserver of the animal matter, and of the mordant about two per cent. of the weight of the fabric. This bath being heated to about 110 centigrade, the fabric is plunged in it, and agitated there for one and a half hour, more or less. The solution is then slowly bailed from the bath, and the fabric afterward well squeezed, and afterward heated by driers to a temperature not ex ceedin g 110 centigrade, to perfect the destruction of the vegetable impurities. After this the fabric is washed in several waters, and passed into a bath containing fullers earth and a suitable alkali, such as urine or carbonate of soda, and is afterward rinsed thoroughly, when it is ready for dyeing of the required deep shade. Salts of iron and copper should be excluded from the mordant, inasmuch as they would be neutralized by the sulphuric acid.
For dyeing madder colors a like general treatment is observed; but there should be added to the bath about fifteen per cent. of the weight of the fabric of pure alum, and
about one to two per cent. of oxalic acid, and about eleven per cent. of tartrate of potash.
For dyeing yellow colors, it is preferred to use in the bath Frzons tin mordant to the extent of about ten per cent. of the weight of the fabric, of alum about ten per cent., and of curcuma from six to seven per cent.
For dyeing a plain white, the strength of the sulphuric acid'in the bath should be about 5 Baum, and its temperature not exceed 30 centigrade. About half of a kilogram of OX- alic acid to each thousand liters of water should be added, and the fabric agitated in said bath for half an hour, more or less, and afterward be squeezed and dried, as before.
I claim The within described process of treating woolen and silk fabric containing vegetable matter or impurities, by exposing the fabric to a heated acid bath containing a mordant, for simultaneously destroying the vegetable matter and preparing the fabric for dyeing or bleaching.
itnesses G. DUMo, J. F. Dnvrnn.
FREZON, PiaRE.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US147887A true US147887A (en) | 1874-02-24 |
Family
ID=2217300
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US147887D Expired - Lifetime US147887A (en) | Improvement in treating mixed fabrics previous to dyeing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US147887A (en) |
-
0
- US US147887D patent/US147887A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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