US1478397A

US1478397A - Flying machine

Info

Publication number: US1478397A
Application number: US670850A
Authority: US
Inventors: Preatka Joseph
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1923-10-26
Filing date: 1923-10-26
Publication date: 1923-12-25
Anticipated expiration: 1940-12-25

Description

Dec. 25, 1923. M739? J. PREATKA FLYING MACHINE Filed Oct. 26 1933 3 SheetsSheet 1 IN VEN TOR ATTORNEY Dean 25, 1923.

J. PREATKA FLYING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 26 1923 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented es. 252, 1

are

JOSEPH PREAT 015 NEW YORK, N. Y,

FLYING MACHINE.

Application filedflctober 26, 1923. Serial No. 670,350.

To all whom it may concern:

Be' it known that I, JosErH PREATKA, a citizen of Hungary, and resident of the cityof New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in flying machines, and more particularly to that type in which the means of sustentation and propulsion consists of beating wings.

The main object of the invention is to provide a machine of the character mentioned which comprises a plurality of wings, some of which are arranged in pairs and all of which are actuated by the intermediary of a single connecting rod, so arranged that the said rod may be moved manually to cause a movement of the sa1d wings in case the motor of the flying machine is disabled, thereby permitting of a safe descent of the flying machines Another object of my invention is to provide a flying machine which is light in weight, simple in construction, compara-.

tively inexpensive to manufacture, strong and durable.

A further object of the invention is to so mount the beating planes or wings on the frame that they are wholly disposed outside of the same, they being grouped around a tower-like structure and thus capable, at all times, to perform their proper functions.

With these and other objects in view, which will more fully appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the combination, arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter described, pointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it being understood that many changes may be made in the'size and proportion of the several parts and details of construction within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

One of the many possible embodiments of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a flying machine constructed in accordance with the sections 20' and 20". Y rotated from a motor, not shown, in the the present invention, the tail part of the said machine being not shown; Fig. 21s a front elevation of the same; Fig. 3'is a section taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4: is a perspective view showin diagrammatically the arrangement of thewings of the machine and their connecting means.

' In the drawings, the numeral. 10 indicates the car or body of the flying machine, hav

ing long stream lines as usual in constructions ofthis type, to present as little resistance to the air as possible. The body is mounted upon front wheels 11 and rear wheels 12, enabling the flying machine to travel on the ground when ascending and descending. The front wheels are mounted upon a shaftlS and are connected there: with by clutches 14 of any suitable construction, suitable clutch engaging and disengaging means 15- being provided.

From the body or car of the machine rises a tower-like construction 16, that is quadrangular in transverse cross-section and provided in its sides with openings 17, to permit of free access of air. The top of this tower-like construction is provided with a cover 18 (Fig. 4), presenting a surface to the air and thereby increasing the sustaining power of the wings hereinafter to be described. Approximately midway between the ends of the tower there is oscillatably mounted thereon a longitudinally extending wing 19, projecting forward and rearward of thesaid tower, it being adapted to swing on horizontal pivots 19', which extend transversely of the frame 10. This wing is connected by a rod 20 with a crank- 21 on the shaft 13, the said rod being made of two sections, denoted b the

numerals

20 and 20", the connection etween the two sections being made by a coupling, in the present case by a bolt 23, extending through The shaft 13 is car or body of the machine, power being transmitted from the said motor to the sa1d shaft in any suitable manner. In the case illustrated, there is keyed or otherwise at- K tached to the shaft 13 a bevel gear 24, in

mesh with a similar gear 25, the shaft 26 of which is driven from the motor.

Above the wing 19 is hinged to the sides of the tower 16 a pair'oflongitudinal wings .27, and below the wing 19 a pair of wings- 28. The pintles 29 of the hinges 30, connecting the wings 27 and-28 with the sides of the tower 16, extend horizontally and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body or car 10 of the machine. The wings 27 are each connected by a rod 31 with the wing 18, the said rods being pivoted at 32 and 33 to the wing 19 and the respective wing 27, the pivot pins 33 being disposed adjacent the hinged ends of the wings 27 and the rods 31 being forward of the tower 16. In a similar manner is connected each wing 28 with the wing 19 by a rod 34, pivoted at 35 and 36 to the wing 19 and the wing 28, respectively,

1 the pivots 36 being disposed adjacent the hinges connecting the wings 28 with the tower 16 and the rods 34 being disposed in rear of the said tower. By reason of this location of the

rods

31 and 34 with respect to the pivots 19 of the wing 19, the Wings 27 and 28 will at all times move in opposite directions. 1

To the top of the tower 16 are hinged

wings

37 and 38, one in front of the said 1 tower and the other one in rear thereof, the

pintles 39 of the hinges 40, connecting the

wings

37 and 38 to the tower, extending horizontally and transversely of the longitudinal axis to the car or body 10. The wing 37 is connected by a rod 41 with the wing 19, said rod being pivoted at 42 and 43to the

wings

19 and 37, respectively, the pivot 43 being disposed adjacent the hinge connecting the wing 37 with the tower. Similarly, the wing 38 is connected with the wing 19 by a rod 44, that is pivoted at 45 and 46 to the

wings

19 and 38, respectively,

. the pivot pin 46 being disposed adjacent the hinge that connects the wing 38 with the tower. Inasmuch as the

rods

41 and 44 are disposed on opposite sides of the pivots 19' of the wing 19, the

wings

37 and 38 move .at all times in opposite directions.

The operation of this machine is as follows: If it is intended to let the machine run on the ground without actuating the sustentation and propulsion means thereof, the pin 13 is disengaged from the connecting rod 20 and the clutches 14 so set as to connect the wheels with the shaft 13. The

machine is obviously provided with suitable steering means, not shown, as the same do not form part of the present application for Letters Patent. If now the motor of the machine is started, the said wheels will be turned in the proper direction to propel the machine on the ground.

When the two sections of the connecting rod 20 are connected and the motor started, the machine will be propelled on the ground and at the same time the sustentation and propulsion means actuated. The machine arass"? .tor disconnects t e sections 20' and 20" of the connecting rod 20 and moves the section 20 up and down with the same result as if the motor were in operation. A safe descent of the machine can thus be obtained. Attention is called to the fact that this manual moving of all of the wings of the flying machine is possible by reason of the fact that the section 20 of the connecting rod is directly connected to the wing 19, in contradistinction to flying machines heretofore in use in which the said connecting rod isusually pivoted to a head, sliding in guides, and furthermore because all of the wings are interconnected and operated by the intermediary of the said connecting rod.

It is to be noted that all of the wings, with the exception of the wing 19, are substantially casing-shaped with an open bottom.

'They present thus a larger surface to the air than if they were flat. This fact will also greatly aid in the safe descent of the machine, in case the motor is disabled.

It is to be noted that when in the air, the

wheels 11 may be caused to come to a standstill by disengaging the clutch members thereon from the clutch members co-operating therewith on the shaft 13.

What 1 claim is 1. A flying machine comprising a car, a

tower-like structure rising therefrom, a

longitudinal wing pivoted to said tower approximately midway between its ends, a pair of longitudinal wings hinged to said tower above said first-mentioned wing, connecting means between said first-mentioned wing and said pair of wings, a second pair of wings hinged to said tower below said first-mentioned wing, connecting means between said first-mentioned wing and said second pair of wings, said first-mentioned connecting means and said second-mentioned connecting means engaging said first-mentioned wing on opposite sides of its pivots,

and' actuating means connected with said