US1477630A - Elevator-door lock - Google Patents

Description

De@ wlgza www3@ J. FQ CLANGY ELEVATOR DOOR LOCK Filed Jun@` 22 1922 i SheecS-Sheec 4 i Patented Bee. l, 1923..

JOHN r. CLANCY, OF'OHICAGO, ILLINOIS, Assroivoza 'ro rransriva'a a nacer COII- ram?, or' CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION or ILLINOIS.

ELEvAToR-nooa Loon.

Application' filed June '22, 1922-.' Serial No. 570,219.

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. CLANOY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in-the county of Cook and State d of Illinois, have invented a certain vnewand ed that the doors thereto can be opened from the exterior, or can be opened by anyone regardless of the position of the cage. It

i l@ also happens that at times anelevator operatorl may not completely close thevdoor whenl leaving the associated.landing,'fthereby mak-:fv ing it possible for anyone to gain admittance..

to the hatchway. In both of the above in-v stances a condition exists which is undesirable because it is not conducive to safety.l

One of the objects of my invention therefore is to provide means whereby the cage isprevented from moving unless all hatchway doorsare closed and securely locked.

further object of my invention is to' provide' means whereby the opening of any hatchway door is prevented unless the cage is standing level with that particular floor. .Another object is to provide a safety device whereby the opening of any hatchway door is -prevented while the cage is in motion. A further object is to provide a lock for elevator doors which is magnetically controlled and which necessitates no movement ofparts to allow the door to be opened, thereby being noiseless in operation and avoiding the use of springs, tumblers or other moving' elements.

'Still another object is to provide a lock for elevator doors whichA is held in an unlocked positionjby means carried by the cage and which makes no mechanical connection with the hatchway.

A further object is to provide a lock which comprises a switch in one of the essential circuits of the elevatorv Control system, said switch being opened and closed by opening Aand closing the adjacent hatchway door.

An important object is to provide a lock which will prevent reopening ot the door c ven though the latter is only partially closed.

Another object is to provide a lock which has manually operable means whereby the 55 door can be opened in case of emergency,

l tion proceeds.

Such as iwhen the currentis shut ed' or the A.agnetic controlling means fails to function.

' A further object is to providev a lock with an `auxiliary electromagnet adapted to be excited by means of a special circuit where# by the lock will be held inoperative so that the door can be'opened, said special circuit being such that only authorized persons can close it.

,A final object is to provide a lock for elevater doors which is sturdy and simple in construction1 and which can be easily and cheaply installed.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will beconi-epapparent as the descrip- The objects of the invention thus generally stated are attained by the construction and arrangement illustrated in the. accompanying drawings forming part hereof, wherein: i Figure l is a diagrammatic representation of an elcvator control system with several of the locks shown as forming part thereof.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the lock with the door plunger partly withdrawn and in a locked position.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the lock'with the adjoining door 'completely closed.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the relative position of the lock and the electromagnet for controlling its action.

Fig. 5 is, a vertical sectional view of the lock taken in the plane of. the line- 5K-5 ot 90 Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view of .the locking collars showing their bores in alinement, but with the door plunger removed.

, Fig. 7 is a sectionalview of the lock taken in the plane of line 7 7 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the lock taken in the plane of line 8-8 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 9 is a perspective View of the locking 100 collar.

Fig. l0 is a view partly in section showing a lock which is equipped with an auxiliaryelectromagnet and which is adapted to receivethe plunger of a door which 105 closes to the left.

To illustrate my invention, l have shown the preferredr embodiment'thereof as forming part of an elevator system in which the necessary wiring connection for its 1nclu- 110 5c l thef right into engagement with contact 18 1n general, the elevator cage 1 having a' counterweight-2 which is connected thereto by a cable 3 is caused to travel by a drum 4 which in turn is drivenv by the motor 5. A circ-uit through the motor armature .6 is connected across the main line terminals L plusf and L minus, and is adapted to be closed by either the down electromagnetic'switch 7 or'the up electromagnetic switch 8. AEach switch is controlled by a separate actuating circuit which is subject to be closed bythe control device 9 in the cage. Said control device when not closing oneof the actuating circuits, acts to close vajcircuitthrough the electromagnet 10.l

Door locksll are secured to the hatchway adjacent each door, and are included in both actuating circuits as switches which are closed by plungers 12 carried by each door. Each lock is so constructed that the plunger cannot-be Withdrawn except whenv the electromagnet 10 carried by the cage is positioned adjacent thereto. Although the invention as herein illustrated is shown as tionof using direct current, it is to be understood that it can readily be adapted to use'alterna'ting current.

The motor 5 in" the present instance is separately land permanently excited bythe `field winding 13 which is connected directly across the main -line terminals, L plus'and L ,.rninus, and is subject to the action of the brake 14, the latter being4 excited by the coil 15. The motor 5 rotates the drum 4 in either direction through the worm 16 and worm'wheel 17, .depending upon the direcflow 'of the current through the armature. i f

The control device 9-comprises two side contacts 13 tand 19, a central contact 20, and' a segmental contact 21 pivoted at 22 and [connected/to `the minus main of the line.

The segmental contact 21 in effect forms part of the actuating -lever 23 which'is also pivotedat 22.

lIn' moving the segmental. contact 21 to the actuating circuit for the dow-n switch 7 will be closedprovided no hatchway, door is open. The circuit can be traced as follows: from the vplus main, through wire 24 and the `do0r locks 11, solenoid 25, Wire 26, con-` ytact 18, contact 21, and wire 27 to the minus line.. Excitation of the solenoid 25 will cause the core 28 of the down switch 7 to ascend thereby closing three sets of com 4ta'cts 29` 30 and 31.

""B'y closing the .contacts 29, the circuit through thecoil'15 is connected across the 9 niain line terminals, thereby removing the action'pf the brake 14. from the main drive shaft 32 of the motor 5 so that the latterl is free to operate. Closing the contacts 30 and 31 acts to close a circuit through the motor armature 6, which can be traced as follows: from the plus main through resistance 33, arm 34, wire 35, contacts 31, wire 36, armature' winding 6, wire 37, and con-v tac-ts 30,' to the minus main of the line` A parallel circuit shunting the arniature6 is also closed, said circuit being traced as follows: from `the Acontacts 31, through wire 39, solenoid 38, wire 40, and Wire 37 to ycontacts 30. T he solenoid 38 is provided with a core 41 which is connected at one end to the arm 34 and at the other end to thel piston 42 of a dashpot 43. The arm 34 when being forced up bythe core 41.gradually reduces the resistance 33 in theV armature circuit. .The dashpot prevents the core from moving upward too rapidly but allows it to dropl quickly. is excited` the resista-nce in the armature circuit will be progressively reduced-until the motor 5 is operating at full speed. l

If the segmental contact 21 is swung to the left into engagement with contact 19,

Thus when4 the solenoid the electromagnetic switch 8 will operate to close the circuit through the motor armaturel 6 but withits terminals reversed so that the motor 5 will operate inthe opposite direction. The resistance 33 will vagain be gradually reduced .to bring the motor upto full speed.

1n the exemplary form herein disclosed,

the elevator' door locks 11 in general comprise individually a plurality of locking elements which in the present instance are collars 44, 45 and 46, a switch 47, a casing 43 for housing and supporting said elements, and the plunger 12 carried by the door 49 and adapted to enter said lock to be retained thereby, and'to close said-switch 47, which forms part of the actuating circuits for the up and down electromagnetic switches.

The casing 48 may be of any suitable form' 1n the'present instance, I

or construction. have shown the casing as having a bracket formedA integral therewith by means of which it is secured'to the hatchway adjacent the door 49.'

The collars 44 and 45 are secured in opposite ends of the non-magnetic shell 50`which is .screwed into one end of the casing 48.

The locking collar 46 which has one side cut at an angle is held loosely between the collars 44 and 45,and` is prevented from rotating by a projection 51 .which enters a notch 52 in its periphery. A finger 53 eX- tending through an elongated slot 54 in the shell50 is secured to the reduced edge of the collar 46, and constitutes an emergency release for the lock.

The switch 47 consists of a pair of contacts 55 whichare pivoted to an insulating collar 5.6, and which are adapted to be Vis a good electrical connection. Any suitablecontacts'. adapted to resiliently engage the point 57 may beeinployed. Leads 59, which enter the casing 48 through a conduit 60, are

secured to the contacts by suitable binding posts 6l. A

The collars are all provided with central I bores which register with each other when' the. locking collar'46 is held in an upright.

position against the-inner face of collar .44. The plunger 12 is of a diameter -slightly'le'ss than thatofthe bore so as. to allow it to enter freely, and has on its peripheral surface a pair ot' triangular grooves 62 and 63, the outer end faces of which are in a' plane perpendicular to its axis so as to constitute shoulders 64 and 65. It will be seen that the plunger can enter the lock regardless of the position of the collar 46, and that when once in it will hold the latter in its upright position. However,.. in withdrawing the plunger by starting to open the door, the notch 63 will be moved to underlie the locking collar 46 which will be tilted out ot alinement with the other collars by friction and its own weight. so that the shoulder 65 will engage the flange 66 to prevent further opening ot the door. The lpoint 57 is of sullicieiit length so that thecircuit through the contacts 55 will not be broken by this partial withdrawal `of the plunger. If the door is only partially closed tothe point where the notch 62 underlies the collar 46,

shoulder 64 will prevent it from being reopened. `The points 57, however, in this position will not close the Switch 47, and it will be necessary to close the door at least to the position shownin Fig. 2, before the cage can be moved. It is therefore necessary before the cage can be moved.

' lfthe locking collar 46 is held in an upright position the bores through ythe collars will remain Vin alinement, and the plunger can be readilywithdrawn by. openingthe door I n the present instance the means tor' holding. the locking collar 46- against collar 44 comprises the elec'trmagnet l() having a coil 67, (Fig. l). The electromagnet 10 is secured to the cage in such a posi'- vtion that it will be as near to the lockl as is possible without making any mechanical connection therewith, when the cage is at its landing. In the present instance, the electromagnet is secured to the cage by bracket TQ. The lines of force -which will emanate from said magnet when the coil 67 is excited will pass'through the collars 44 and 45, and will hold the locking collar 46 in an vcollar in an upright position.

upright position. To facilitate and direct the flow of the lines of force from the magnet to the lock, the latter is provided with an adjustable .conducting iod 68 which extends toward the former. Thisprovision is particularly desirable in elevators where the door sill extends into the hatchway for some distance, thereby necessitating an increased space between the electromagnetlO and the locks 11. "The electromagnet is provided with a plate 69, held in a vertical position, which also acts as a magnetic conductor and as Such governs the distance above and below the floor at whichA the door ,can be opened. lt will be obvious that no door can be opened unless the cage is before it with the electromagnet adjacent to the lock 1l.

To excite the coil 67, the4 segmental co'ntact 2l is moved toits central position ontov Contact 20, whereupon both electromagnetic switches are'opened vand Athe motor stops. Consequently it is impossible to open any hatchway door while the cage is in motion, or in other words, until the power tothe elevator motor has' been shut oti'.

It'. the current should fail, or it the electromagnet because of other reasons fails to perforni'its function, the operator can open the door to let out the passengers by usingA the emergency finger 53 to hold the 4 The elevatorVV cage is so constructed that the operator has access to this emergency finger when the electromagnet. is'opposite the lock.

To allow the hatchw'ay door on the first landingto be opened from the outside by authorized persons, the lock for that door may befequipped with an auxiliary elcctromagnet- 'TO which is rigidly secured thereto as shown in Fig. l0. This electroinagpct may be excited by closing a switch 7l in a special circuit-therefor, said switch being adapted to be closed by such iiicans as a special key. .l have sho-wn my invention as being especially adapted for use on elevator hatchway doors but it should be understood that I donot wish to restrict its use to any one kind of application, Jfor there are many other instances in which it can be used to advantage. A

y Idesire to Apoint out that while the invention has been herein illustrated and described with considerable particularity.- l con. template thatI various changes in torm, constructionand arrangement ot' parts may be made by those skilled in the art, but wit-hout departing from the spirit and yscope ot' the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

l claiin as my invention:

l. In an'electric elevator, in combination, a. liat'chway, a door -in said hatchway, a cage,

an operatingcircuit for'said cage, a lock 10, flocking-member for receiving said plunger,

said d oor. inl'a .closedposition of said member from said' a withdrawal A lock acting to break` said circuit, yfelectromagnetic means for .rendering saidflocl' ineitective to retain lsaid,memltrelfh.eg'circuit for said electromagnet, and-wsinglecontrol member for selec` `tively closingsaidcircuits. 1 2. In an electric elevator, in combination,

(I a hatchway, adoor in said hatchway, a cage, aj plunger 'on'.said door, a lock including a -said lockingmember being movable into a l position to retain said plunger upon an attempted withd'rawalpf the latter, and electromagnetic means carried by said cage for holding said member in an inoperative position when adjacent said door.

3. In an-electric elevator, in combination,.

a hatchway, a door in said liatchway, a plunger on said doo1', a lock including `a locking member for receiving said plunger, said locking .member being movable to retain said Vplunger in said locl ,'and electro- 'magnetic means' for holding said member in its inoperative positionl to allow af free withdrawal of vsaid plunger. .A

4g In combination `with a door, a plunger mounted on said door and having a -plurality of notches, a casing for receiving said plunger,A a locking -inember in said casing for engaging any one of said notches when overlying it to retain said plunger in any one of a plurality ot positions, and means for holding said member out ot en gagenient with said notches.

5. In an electric elevator. in combination, ahatchway, a door in said hatchu'ay, a lock for said door and including a switch,

and a plunger mounted to enter said lockand close said switch, said lock acting to retain said plunger in any one of a plurality Vof positions and `said plunger serving to closesaid switch only when near its innermost position.

6. In an electric elevator, in combination,

a hatchway, a door in said hatcliway, a

cage, a. circuit which must be closed to causethe cage to travel, a loclr for. said door included in said circuit, and a inember coacting with said lock to hold said door closed and to close said circuit so that elevator operation can be instituted.

,7. In an electric elevator, in combiiation,

a. liatchway, a door in said hatchway, a

cage, a circuit which must be closed to cause Jtlie cage to-tlravel, a lock for said door included -in said circuit. a member coacting with said loci;` to hold. said door closed and to close said circuit so that elevator operation can be instituted, and

. electromagnetic means cooperating with said lock after said circuit has 'beenbroken to' allow a separation ot said'member and vSaid lock.

8. combination with a door, a plunger Lauree mounted on said door, a casing for receiving said plunger., and 4'means in said casing rendered movable to engage said plunger upon an attempted Withdrawal thereof and prevvent its complete withdrawal from vsaid casing.

9,.' In combination with a door, a plunger,

withdrawal of said plunger.

.11. In an velectric elevator,- in combination, a hatchway, a doorin said hatchway, a'

plungersecured to said door, said plunger having a notch, a lock secured to said hatchway and having a locking member, said member allowing said plunger to freely -enter into mechanical engagement with said lock but acting to prevent a subsequent disengagement thereof, and means-for lholding emergency arm for allowing a complete' said member inoperative so as to allow a i severanceof said mechanical relation.

-12.'In an elevator, in combination, a liatchway, a door in said hatchway, a plunger securedto said door, a lock-secured to said liatchway for receiving and acting. to

retain saidplungei., andm'eans'having no mechanical'connection with the lock, hatchway, o-r door forpreventing said'retention of said plunger.

i3. In an electric elevator, in combination, a door, a plunger' on said `door,a lock ifea for receiving said plunger, a locking. memi" ber in Sad k, -Said lock acting'to retain 'y said plunger 'only throughv the actioirof friction and gravity upon said locking mein' y r ne 14. In` an electric elevator, in combination,

ber.

a door, a plunger on. said door and having a notch,` and a lock for'reeeiving said plunger, said lock having 'a locking `member which under the iniiuence of gravity engages- .said notch whereby said plunger is-retained within said lock.

15. In an electric elevator, in combination, a'door,.a plunger on-,sai'd door, a lock-.rv vfor receiving said-plunger, said lock havinga locking member whichA under vthe iniiuencel of gravity orV friction lacts to -ietainsaid plunger withiusaid lock, 'and electromagnetic inea-ns for counteracting saidv iniuence to prevent s aidinember from retaining said 1'6. In an elevator, in combination, a door,

a plunger'ojn said door, a lock for receiving said. plunger.said lock having a locking member also for receiving said plunger,y

piso",

isa

alinement..

Siamese said locking member moving to retain said plunger-upon an attempted withdrawal of the. latter, andmeans for preventing the movement ofsaid member so las to allow vsaid plunger to be withdrawn.

and one of said collars engaging said notch,"

' upon an attempted withdrawal of said plungerwhereupon said boresare again out of 18. ln an electric elevator, in combination, 'a plungerhaving an insulated point, and a lock comprising a 4switch, 'and a locking member; said plunger entering said lock to v close said switch and'saidlocking member acting'to prevent thewithdrawal ofrsaid plunger., v

19. lnA an electric elevator, in'combinw tion, Van electromagnet, a plungerhaving an' insulated point, andv a loekycomprising af plurality of spaced collars, a movable coll r between said irst mentioned collar and 'normally being forced out of alinement therewith by gravity, and a. switch, said plunger entering through vSaid collars so that its insulated point closessaid switch and said movable collar 'actin'g'to prevent the withdrawal of said plunger.:

Y 20. In combination with a door, .a plunger on 4said door, a lock for receiving said plunger and for preventing a withdrawal thereof, and means cooperating with said lock ,to allow said Aplunger to be withdrawn,4 said lock necessitating no movement ofits parts .to allow the door to be opened]l 21. ln' combination with a door, a plunger on said door,a'locking. means comprising an apertured member anda locking collar within said member, said locking mea'ns acting to receive and retain said plunger, andlectromagnetic meansA for preventing said retention.

In testimony' whereof, have. hereunto vaffixed my signature.

. F. CLANGY.

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