US1474898A

US1474898A - Fuel burner

Info

Publication number: US1474898A
Application number: US585423A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles A French
Original assignee: International Harverster Corp
Current assignee: Navistar Inc
Priority date: 1922-08-31
Filing date: 1922-08-31
Publication date: 1923-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 1940-11-20

Description

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Nov.20,l923.

C. A. FRENCH FUEL BURNER Filed Aug. 51. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 C.A.FRENCH FUEL BURNER mi. 2o, i923. 11,4%@98 Filed Aug. 51. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1,474,393 FANT @FFEQEQ CRLES A. FRENCH, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION F NEW JERSEY.

FUEL BURNER Application led August BI, 1922. Serial No. 585,423.

To all 'whom z't may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. FRENCH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fuel Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to fuel burners and particularly to a burner in which the fuel is vaporized inthe presence of air by heat from the burner.. My improvedburner is particularly adapted for use with automotive steam boilers of the flash or semi-flash type and may discharge its hot gases either downwardly or upwardly over the boiler tubes. I prefer placing the burner above the boiler since I have found that by so doing Haine from the burner spreads over the lower faceof the vanorizing drum While the burner is in operation and, when it is shut down, heat from the boiler` and burner keeps the drum hot for a long time so that the usual pilot light may be dispensed with.

Referring now to the drawings forming a part of this specification: f

Fig. 1 is a vertical section 0n the line 1-1 of'Fig, 2 of a preferred form of my improved burner;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; v

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a modifiedl form of burner taken on the line 3-3 of Fi 4 ig.4 is a bottom plan, partly in section, taken on the line 4-4 of Figv.- 3;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a further modication similar to Figures 3 and 4, but4 having a tangential inlet to the vaporizing drum.

The burner shown in Figures 1 and 2 has a circular vaporizing drum 10 provided with upper and

lower heads

11 and 12. An air supply pipe 12 discharges centrally into the drum and has a constricted throat or venturi passage 13 into which the fuel nozzle 14 discharges a spray of liquid fuel. The liquid fuel and air entering the drum impinges upon a tapered burner tube 15 connected to both heads and provided within the drum with a spiral Hangs or bead 16 which fauses any liquid fuel that may impinge thereon to follow a long path around the 'tube so that itwill be vaporized and'picked up by the air entering through the pipe 12'. An

fuel to a nozzle 24 discharging into Vthe opening 17 in the upper head 11 communicates with a spiral passage 18 which terminates ina sharp edge 18 at the upper end of the burner tube 15. The burner tube is open at its lower end so that flame therefrom will spread out over and heat the lower head 12 of the vaporizing drum. A tube 19 projects into the upper end of the burner tube 15 and serves to restrict the outlet from the spiral ,passage into the burner tube and also serves as a nozzle for an auxillary burner for preheating the burner tube and drum before starting the main burner. The tube 19 extends upward beyond' the spiral passage and is provided with a flanged cup 20 and a series of perforations 21. A fuel pipe is coiled around the perforated portion 21 of the tube 19 above the cup 20 and has a valve 23 controlling the supply of ared upper end 25 of the tube 19. A removable cap 26 covers the auxiliary burner after the main burner has been started to prevent the admission of unheated air to the burner tube.

When it is desired to start the burner, the cover 26 is removed and a small quantity of light fuel, such as gasoline, is poured into the cup 20 and ignited. The pipe 22 soon becomes heated so as to vaporize the fuel therein and the valve 23 is then opened and the vaporized fuel issuing therefrom is ignited in the tube 19 which then operates as a blow torch to heat the burner tube 15 and drum 10. When the burner tube and drum become heated sufficiently to vaporize fuel and heat the air entering through the pipe 12', air vwill be supplied at low pressure, picking up fuel from the nozzle `141. which will impinge against the burner tube 15 and be vaporized and mixed in the vaporizing drum. The vaporized mixture of air and fuel passes through the opening 17 intofthe spiral passage 18 from where it enters the upper end of the burner 15 with a whirling 19@ motion. The'mixture will be ignited in the tube 15 by iame from the auxiliary burner or, if preferred, the auxiliary burner may be turned oft' as soon as the drum is heated and the mixture lighted in the main burner tube me by any other suitable means. AS soon as the main burner is in operation, the cover 26 will be placed over the auxiliarv burner to prevent the admission of additional air which would otherwise be induced through Me ing with a drum, a conduit connecting one end of thev 'of flame propagation, thereby preventing back-firing int-o the passage 18 and burner drum. The whirling motion of the burn-` ing mixture in the burner tube continues as the products of combustion are discharged at the lower end, which results in the llame, which is a very short blue llame, being spread by centrifugal force over the lower head of the vaporzing drum.

The burner shown 1n-Figures 3 and 4c is quite similar to that shown in Figures 1 and 2, a mixture of fuel and air being supplied through the pipe 30 to a drum 31 having upper and lower heads 32 and 33 through which a tapered burner tube 34 extends. The head 32 has an opening 35 communicatpassage 36 which leads from the drum to t e smaller end of the burner tube. The lower wall of the passage 36 has an opening 37 normally closed by aA removable cover plate 38. In starting this burner, the cover plate 38 is removed and a blow torch inserted through the opening 37 to heat the burner, after which the main burner is started as before described, the mixture being i nited either through the opening 37 or, if t is opening is first closed, the mixture may be ignited by spark plug 39.

While I have shown this form of the burner-as discharging the products of combustion upwardly, it will, of course be understood that this burner will operate equally well if it discharges downwardly, as in Figure 1.

The burner shown in Figure 5 is in all respects similar to that shown in Figure 4 except that the fuel and air are supplied through an inlet 40 which discharges tangentially into the vaporization drum 41.

p Having thus described my invention, what :I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a burner, the combination of a vaporizing drum, a burner tube extending through the drum, means for supplying fuel and air to the drum to be vaporlzed by heat from the burner tube, means for conducting the vaporized and heated mixture from the drum to one end of the tube, and means for igniting the mixture in the tube.

2. In a burner, the combination of a vaporizing drum, burner tube extending through the drum and feo-axial therewith, means Afor supplying fuel and vair to the drum with one end of the burner tube, and means for igniting the mixture of air and fuel in the tube.

the combination of a circular drum having a head at each end, a burner tube extending through both heads, means for supplying `a mixture of air and fuel to the drum, a conduit leading from one head of the drum to one end of the tube for conducting vaporized fuel and air from the drum to the tube, and means for igniting the mixture in the tube.

4. In a burner, the combination of a circular vdrum having a head at each end, a Haring burner tube extending through both heads, means for supplying a mixture of fuel and air to the drum so that it will iminge upon the tube, and a conduit leading rom one head to the smaller end of the liaring tube.

5. Ina burner, the combination of a circular drum having upper and lower heads, a burner tube extending through both heads and open at its lower end, means for supply-- ing a combustible mixture to the drum, a conduit connected at one end to the upper head and at the other end to the upper end of the burner tube for supplying vaporized mixture to the tube from the drum.

6. In a burner, the combination of a circular drum having upper and lower heads, a burner tube extending through both heads and open at its lower end, means Jor supplying a combustible mixture to the drum, and a spiral conduit connected at one end to the upper head and at the other end terminating in a sharp edge and communicating with the upper end of the tube, whereby vaporized mixture from the drum will have a whirling motion in the burner tube.

7. In a burner, the combination of a circular drum having upper and lower heads, a downwardly flaring burner tube extending through both heads and open at its lower end, means for supplying a combustible mixture to the drum, and a spiral conduit conthe other end terminating in a sharp edge and communicating with the upper end of the tube whereby vaporized mixture from the drum will have a whirling motion in the burner tube. f

8. In a burner, the combination of a circular drum having a head at each end, a burner tube extending through both heads and having a restricted throat at one end, means for supplying a mixture of air and fuel to the drum, a. conduit leading from one head of the drum to the restricted throat of the tube for conducting vaporized fuel and air from. the drum to the tube, and for ignitmg the mixture in the tube.

9. n a burner, the combination of a ein cular drum having larmg burner tube extending through heads, a spiral dang'e on the tube withs drum, means of supplyin a mixture and air to the drinn so t. at it will imp upon the tube and unzapcriaed a head at each "l lnected at one end to the upper head and at will follow the spiral flange around the tube,

and a conduit leading from one head to the smaller end of the Haring tube.

In a burner, the oombination of a, cir- 5 cular drum havinga head at each end, a,

'flaring burner tube extending through both heads, means for supplying a, mixture of fue-1 and air to the drum so that it will impinge upon the tube, a conduit leading from one head to the smaller end of the Haring 10 tube, and an auxiliary burner for preheating the tube and drum.

In testimony whereof I affix sinature.

CHARLES A. .E CH.