US1473571A - Firearm - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 6, 1923. 1,473,571

J. D. PEDERSEN FIREARM Filed Jlly 20. 1917 fnacizor:

.cfa/1n Pedersen,

A19g ma da?,

Nov. 6 1923.

J. D. PEDERSEN FIREARM Filed July 20. 1917 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 6, 1923.

UNITED t STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN D. PEDEBSEN, F JACKSON, WYMING.

FIBEARH.

Application filed July 20, 1917. Serial Fo. 181,764,

a of W oming, have invented certain new and usefu Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification. l

' This invention relates to breechloading firearms, and more es cially to such firearms of the auto-loading class. While my present improvements are applicable-,-by proper ada `tation in size and proportions,- to auto-lo ing rearms of various kinds or types, they are more particularly intended for use in auto-loading shoulderarms for `military use. Accordingly, and for convenience off illustration and reference, I have herein shown my present invention applied to a type of auto-loadin shoulderarm which is shown and descri in\ m copending application Serial N o. 173,325,

filed June 7, 1917; in said prior application my present improvements are substantially though briefly described, but being re rded as' a separate invention, are not c aimed therein.

A principal object of this invention is to provide a simple and effective fire-control mechanism especially adapted in principle and mode of action for use in shoulder-arms of said auto-loading kind, and in which the trigger-scar devices shall berendered iniperative during the re-loading of thev arm. v nrther'objects and advantages are indicated and explained in the course of the following description.

vIn the accompanying draw' forming apart of this specification, ig. 1 is .a sectional side view of a iirearm of the shou1 derv arm class and comprisin a primary arm combined with an auto-ioading auxiliary arm provided with a fire-control mechanism made in accordance with my .present invention; in thisA view, for ccnvenience of illustration, the rearward and forward portions of the stock, S, also the forward. part of the long main barrel, B, are omitted. I y

1 Fig. 2 is a lan view of the mechanism illustrated in ig. 1, including the entire length of the Y removable, or auxiliary firearm mechanism. i

Fig. 3 is a sectional side view correspondto Fig.` 1, with the exception `that the gt is shown in forward os1tion, and that the trigger-.andQsear 'devices of the Iirecontrol mechanism are disconnected as normally occurs immediately after the arm is fired.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to a portion of Fig. 3, for showing a further stage in the cycle of action of the devices comprised in t e fire-control mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a cross section in line X5 of Fior, 3; and

rFig. 6 is a cross section in line X of 4i 3. gimilar reference characters designate like parts in all the views.

When the complete firearm is organized by combining a rimary arm consisting mainly of stock andp barrel, with an auxiliary arm which comprises a frame, provided with auto-loading and lire-control devices, the complete firearm has several advantages which are more fully explained in my said prior application, to which reference may be had. For instance, the relatively heavy stock and bauchespecially when these are of the usual military construction and properly combined,constitute a simple and substantial prima arm which serves as a base-member andlhas a minimum liability to injury. The light weight auto-loading auxiliary mechanism, with its small and highly organized details, is much more liable to accident from both external and internal causes. Therefore, by means of =the organization herein indicated, it becomes practicable to provide a soldier with two or more of the auxiliary mechanisms for use in connection with one primary arm, so that in the event that one of said mechanisms becomes disabled another may be instantly substituted "therefor, Thus several of 'the `auxiliary arms may be used in succession on one primary arm, and the auxiliary -arms may be arranged for using, respectively, ammunition of different powers and ran s. In the particular style of firearm to which my improved fire-control mechanism is herein shown applied, the primary arm may be said to consist of a main barrel, as B, astock, as S, and some suitable means for so connecting these members that they ma serve as one element of a firearm which wi l be completed by installing on the connected stock and barrel, an auxiliary arm comprising a complete mechanism for placing and firing the cartridges, and for' extracting and ejecting the shells.l Accordingly, it will be convenient in practice to provide the usual wooden stock of the primary arm with an adjunctive member, in the nature of a reinforcement, such for instance, as C, which,-as shown in the drawing,may have the general form of an extended bed piece, or base-plate, while serving in part as a means for connecting the barrel B and y, stock S. Thus the member C m'ay constitute wholly or in part a mechanism-seat which is located on or above the stock and rearward of the barrel, and is adapted for receiving thereon the frame, as F, of a firearm mechanism that is provided with a short barrel, as 6", forming a rearward extension of said main barrel. Y In the present instance, the secondary frame, F, is shown havin assembled therein the reciprocatable bo t, G, and the other operative details of the auxiliary firearm. V

In practice, the primary arm should be provided, of course, with the usual sights (not herein shown), and the main barrel, B, may be held assembled on the fore-stock by the customary releasable fastenings (not shown) which, being common, do not require particular description here. In order, however, to secure a rigid support and connection of the rearward end of the barrel B with the stock, I have shown the barrelend b5 threaded into the forward end c5 of said seat-plate C, so that by turning it, the barrel may he adjusted longitudinally on the stock and relative to the auxiliary arm. The barrel may be clamped in place by a set-screw, as b, an ordinary soft-metal shoe, as b1, being preferabl provided for directly bearing yaga-inst the arrel. The seat-plate C may be held in place by ordinary screws or fastenings of any suitable number and character, as for instance, the screws ci and c".

The primary arm in addition` to having the main barrel, also constitutes a prima frame (as well as a heavy base-membei), for the complete firearm; similarly, the frame F constitutes a complete framework for the secondary arm. At the forward end thereof the frame F is shown provided with a short barrel, 6", which is preferably formed integral with the frame, (Figs. v1, 3). This short barrel has formed therein the cartridge chamber 6, and at its forward end is preferably sha. d to engage (b some suitable interloc in arrangement with the main barrel B. Igor this purpose, the barrel 6b may have a tenen-like forward end, as 6,-preferably slightly conical as showinfitting closely in a socket-like pace formed in the rearward end of barrel whereby the two barrels, form one continuous gun-barrel. Said barrels may in practice, be made either with or without rifling, as may be deemed most suitable for the projectiles to lbe used therein.

T e frame F, when made in the form herein illustrated, comprises the bolt-casing F2 and,'fdependin therefrom,a frame wall or casing, as hg', within which are `assembled the trigger-Sear devices of the firecontrol mechanism. The frame C is shown having formed therein a mprtise, 10, (Fig. 3), suitably shaped and proportionedA for receiving said trigger-scar casing F. This mortise should be made long enough for permitting the frame F to be retracted on the primary arm to disengage the tenon 6x1 from the barrel B; this-movement (not herein shown) will permit said frame F to be removed. by lifting it directly upward thereby withdrawingsaid casing F out o the mortise. These operations are performed, of course, in ja reverse manner when applying the Jauxiliary arm to the primary arm. 'For protecting the trigger, 4, said casing F may be extended downwardly and shaped into a trigger-guard, as 6y located below the stock S.

For releasably holding the auxiliary arm in place on the primar and well-known kin of disconnectible holding device may be employed, but I prefer-for such purpose, a transversely-disposed bolt or locking-pin, as f, (Fig. 6), provided arm, any suitableA with suitable means,as, for instance, a

lever arm, f,-whereby this pin may be readily removed and replaced b hand, whenever occasion may require. aid pin f is shown extending through the side wa ls,

3h, 3h', of said seat-plate C, and through the i' solidly-formed portion 3 of the frame F, thereby forming arstrong and firm connection between the members F and C. A thread, 31,'on the in f engages in the threaded hole at 31, Fi 6), in saidvcasing wall 3h', whereby to re iabl holdthe pin in place. When thus fitted),y said pin-arm f7 constitutes a crank arm whereby said pin may be screwed'into and out of place,all in an evident manner.

In the frame, F, the cartridge chamber 6" is extended rearwardly and enlarged to form the breech-bolt chamber, 6, in which the bolt G is reciprocatable, ,forwardly by the power-spring 7, and' rearwardly,when a cartridge is fired,-by cartrid e actuation. The bolt G is made hollow or carrying therein the firing-pin f, and' is also shown provided with a short arm or connection extending through a frame-slot at 6', .and there rovided-with the weight or momen tum-b ook, 7 b, which also serves as a handle whereby to retract said bolt by hand to the loading position, Figs. 1, 2. When thus retracted,.by hand or otherwise,-the forward end 7 of the bolt G comes rearwardly of the opening 6h in the frame F, so that a cartridge will drop downward in the magazine N, and stand partially forward of the bolt G, and on the forward movement of the bolt lwill Vbe pushed yforward,or

iio'

las

vr'may be closed by a cap,

the bolt (1'. Similarly placed,;into the firing position,see Fi 3. The magazine, N, 1s only partia y shown, since ment thereof will be evident;

t held in place Vby means of ribs, as 14, 14', fitting in grooves, as 15,' 15'-, formedin thevpro- 'jections 6, 6", of the frame F. 1

The rearward end of said chamber 6' 'as H, removably'- lixed to the frame F by a screw-thread, as 61, or in other convenient manner. 'In the articular arrangement of bolt-mechanism erein shown, the cap Hsupports the abut- `me'nt tube 8, andalso serves as a 'stop for limiting the rearward movement (Fig. 1) of the part or face 8, of said tube 8 serves to' stop the retraction of the firing-pin f before the bolt' G is fully retracted, so that the point, f, of this dpin will operate as an ejector,as will be rea il understood. For retracting the empty she or an un-usedcartridge, from th barrel 6", the bolt G may be provided with an ordinary extractor, (not shown), applied and operating in accordance Iwith a well-known mtklod. i

Y e power-spring, may act a inst a face, at f5, on the bolt G, and thusggperate on the full retraction lf the bolt'A to nnmef. diately drive the bolt forward and so load the arm. During this loading stroke of the bo1t, the sea'r notch, or face, as 7, of the vslide G engages the sear d on the face 3 thereof, (Fig. 1^), and thus the breech-bolt and firingA pin are held in the firing position thereof.

During the forward Amovement .of the bo1tmechanisn1,-which in practice will be rapidly completed by said springl 7,-the re ativel heavy viringspin f lies loosely and infa ful y-retracted of the bolt G, and w by its .own'inertia andthe light spring 7, with the collar f2 of said piu-'resting against theshoulder at 7$ vin the breech-bolt. On the bolt G stopping suddenly vat the end of position in the bore 7l its forward stroke (Fig. 3), the momentum th of-the firing pinf com resses said pin-. retracting spring 7 and t usthe point f of the pin is driven against. the primer, and thus fires the cartridge in a manner'already well-known in the art.

The-sear-member is designated in a gen-1 eral way, by d, and in connection with devices for-operating the' same, constitutes a principal portion'of a complete iire-c0ntrol means, which, in the "present instance is contained within the' casing, F', extending dolwnwardly` throughYA the mortise, 10, of. the stock, so that the fire-control mechanism,

or'the trigger-device thereof, is manually accessible from below the intermediate Sear-member ma practice, of vs uch form, lengt the proper detail and arrangeit may be' 'made of sheet metal and 'removably will at first be held back' breakin gun-stock.l SaidY bem'ade, in' Vand sizelas maybe required to rovide for the proper coaction thereof wit the bolt-mechanismv and the trigger-device. A preferable construction of said member d is herein shown,i it being in the form substantially of' a short bar having on the upper sidel thereof, a searface,A as 3, appartenant thereto, and having on the lower side thereof, a trigger-engaging face, as 4; these two faces, 3, 4, are preferablyv located in approximately trans verse directions about as shown, the one relative to the other'. '.By, this means, the reciprocation of 'the member d shifts the face 4 thereof to and from the forward and trigger-engaging position thereof vin Fig. 4. urthermore, the Yfoitward movement of the member d, from.the inoperative position in Fig. 3 to the tri er-device-engaging position in Fig. 4, ise ected by the transmitted force of the bolt-actuating spring- 7, whereby said member d,-after'the engagement of the Sear-face thereof with the coacting face, as 7, of the 'boltmechanism member G,-is carried directly forward with vsaid member Gfor a suflcient distance to bring the face 4v thereof into said boltv engaging position, Fig.4. Thus the said reciprocation or forward-movement of the searm`ember is effected by an engagement thereof with one `of the holt-mechanism membersv of a plural-member bolt-.mechanism,'this comprising the members G and f and takes place durin an earl part of the forward movement o such bol mechanism members. If, therefore, the bolt-mch anism should stick or become inoperative when at the end 'of its rearward stroke, the Sear-member" would also remain in rear-` ward position and thus be the trigger device. Referring to" Fig. 3, it will be noted that the point 3 ofthe Sear, when disenga d from the Sear-'engaging face 7 to permit or' ward movement of the bolt G and when the inoperable by lo sear member is released by the trigger, is no held by pressure of the spring 3 in engagement or contact with, or rides along on,

e under surface of the bolt, theeffect being that this spring is kept under comiression during movement ofthe bolt, an the "5 oint 3 'of the sear is therefore in position'- or immediate and direct upward movement by said spring for engagement with the sear-' engaging face 7, whenthe bolt member is' movedxto its retracted position. This arno rangment also obviates the liability of olf the sear'- int 3 by impact of the lt G therewit when the bolt 'is moved rearwardly `by explosion ofthe cartridge, as would be the case where the searv point projects into the path of the bolt and' 1s first forced downward bythe bolt and is then' moved upwardly for locking engagement with bolt.-

' For so'y controlling the operation of the l" member, as d, is made non-retractable by the trigger excepting when both the irin pin an the bolt G are in proper position t erefor. For this urpose, as already mentioned,

y:said scar-mein er is herein shown supported to have a reci rocatory movement in a direcltion longitu inally of the bolt movement.

The scar-member d is a one-piece member and is supported on the pin 3*, which passes through the slot d', therefore thesear-actuating spring 3P which is supported and carriedv by the sear member 'and engages the frame-wall'or casing F', operates toswin or Shift the scar-member upwardly toward its position' in Fig. 1, and also to force the same rearwardly, as in Fi 3. The s rin 3b by its engagement with t e scar-mem r provided with the slot d engaging the pin 3* operating in the slot also affords a means for cushioning or absorbin the shock received by the sear member ue to contact of the bolt-member G with the sear member, when the bolt is moved forwardly by the spring 7 and is engaged by the scar-member for retainin -the bolt-member in a retracted position. aid sear spring 3, however, is normally overcome by the stronger spring 7 so that when the mechanism is in firing position, (Fig. 1), the scar-member d will be carried forward, and so bring the hook 4 thereof into the trigger-engaging position shown in Figs. 1 and 4. Thus said member d, when arranged as here described, may be Asaid to constitute a two-motion scar device, the two movements thereof being, respectively, in transverse relative directions.

For coacting in a preferable manner with tge scar d when this 'arran pd as aforesid, t e tri er, 4, ma pivota sup orte as by 4,in 5the casing lip7 of t e frame F, and-is shownA provided with a by-pass de# vice arranged to en a with said searmember only when this 1s in its forward position, see Fig. 1. The pull-stroke of the trigger may be limitedb a stop, as 4", or other convenient means. he by-pass device may consist in a small lever, as 4', pivoted at 4s to the tri ger-arm 4', and r'ovided at one end with t e scar-en aging ook, or catch-face, 4f, and at the ot er end, 4, engaging with a movement-limiting facelor stop, as 6*, preferably appurtenant to the frame F. A suitable spring, as s, may be so arranged as to operate the trigger, and also normallyr hold said lever-end 4K against the stop 6*. For this purpose, the lever 4f may have van arm, 4" arranged to bear` upon the spring s.

n releasing the .trigger 4 from its retracted position, (Fig.4),-after the scar is in its said rin p0sition,the by-pass hook 4J rides upwardZ against and passes the searhook 4 as illustrated in Flg. 4, and ,thus comes to the Sear-engaging position shown in Fig. 1. If, now, the trigger 4 be drawn back as in Fig. 3, the said hook 4j draws down the sear d and thereby releases the bolt-member, whereupon the sear is forced back b t its sprin 3*to the non-enga in position t ereof (Fig. 3) relative to t e y-pass ho'ok 4j of the trigger. Thus the trigger device is for a time made inoperative, as a result of the lpeculiar mode of action of the vtwo-motion sear, and this result occurs each time the arm is fired, and however rapidly the firing takes place.

Having thus rdescribed my invention, I claim:

1- In a firearm, in combination with a frame, and with a bolt-mechanism comprising a bolt member movable rearwardly by explosion of the cartridge of the /firearm and movable forwardly by spring means to a retracted position and provided with a searenga ing face, a sear membermovable rearward y and upwardly and forwardly and -downwardly and provided with a point for engaging said face to retain the bolt-member in said retracted position, a spring suppor-ted and carried by the scar member and arranged for moving the same rearwardly and upwardly to engage the point thereof with said engaging face ofthe bolt member, and trigger means having a forwardlyyielding hook engageable with the sear member for moving the saine downwardly and disengageable therefrom topermit rearward and upward movement thereof.

2. In a firearm, in combination with a frame, and with a bolt-mechanisxn comprising a bolt member movable rearwardlyA by explosion of the cartridge of the firearm and I' movable forwardly by spring Vvmeans to a retracted position and provided with a searenga ing face, a Sear member movable rearward y and upwardly and forwardly and downwardly and provided with a point for `engaging said face toretain the bolt member in said retracted position, the sear member being movable forwardly by the bolt member when the same is moved forwardly to said retracted position, a spring sup orted and carried-by the sear member and arranged for moving the same rearwardly and upwardly to engage the point thereof with said engaging face of the bolt member, and

tri ger means having a forwardl 'eldi hok engageable with the Sear miremylier fxflii moving the same downwardly and disen- 'gageable therefrom to permit rearward and upward movement thereof; said sprin for moving the'sear member rearwardly an u wardly roviding means for cushioning t shockof) the engagement ofy saidfboltfmem.-

enga

under compression and theI point o mmmber with the ps1-int of the .SearA member when the bolt mem -is moved forwardly to said retracted position. -I y ,-3, In a firearm, in combination with, a frame, and with a bolt-mechanism: lcomprising a.. bolt member fmovable' rearwardly h explosion .of the cartridge of the firearm: an movable. forwardly; by spring'means to a .retracted position and PIOYdedwith a searenga v g face, a scar member-.movable rear-;

Seal' n blr wardld disenble therefrom toper- `w mit :rearward and upward movement thereof; said point of the scar member, when dis-v frm the engaging face of the bolt mein.v :gid wgenntihe scar membeber is enga om t e gger means, e by sad ring in contact with the unldlegr surface of t e bolt member and said spring bethe sear member being in itioiiY for immediate and direct movement y said spring for engement -with the sear-engaging face of e bolt member when said member is moved` to said retracted position.

4. In a firearm, in combination with a frame, and with a boltinechanism comprising a bolt member movablel rearwardly by explosion of the cartridge of the firearm and movable forwardly by spring means to a retracted position andv Provi ed with a .scar engaging face, a frame-wall, a sear member provide with a point lfor engaging said face of the bolt member to retain the bolt member in said'retracted position and provided with a slot and provided with means for engagement of trigger means therewith, a pin received in said slot for supporti'ndg the` scar member for. rearward and upwar and forward and downward movement, a spring' snlportedY and carried by the sear `rember an enga said frame-wall for moving the sear mem er rearwardly and upwardalf, the scar member being. moved forwar y when the bolt member is moved forwardly tosaid retracted position, and trlg er means having a. forwardl able with .the sear'member for moving the same downwardly and disengageable therefrom to permit rearward and upwsrdmovement thereof. 4

5. In a firearm, in, combination with a frame, and with a boltmechanism compris ing a bolt-member movable rearwardly by explosion of the cartridge of the firearm an y yielding 110 ensues# movable 'forwardly by spring means to a re'- tracted-position and provided 'with a searf engaging face, a `frame-wall, a sear member provided with apont for engaging said face of thebolt meniber to retain the bolt member in said retracte'djposition and provided with afslot and provided with mea-ns 4for enga g trig r means.therewith,`a,pin received infsaid .s ot forfsupportin the Sear member foi-rearward and upWar and -forward and downward movement, a spring supported and carried lby 4the seat member and engagin .Said` frame-wall for moving the scar mein r rearwardly and l'iiward and trigger means having a forwar y-'yiel ing hook engageable with the sear member for moving the same downwardly and disen'ageable therefrom' to permit rearward an upward movement thereof; said point of the sear member, when disengaged from the engaging face of the bolt member `and hen the sear member is disengaged from thetrigger means, being held by said spll'inlg in contact with the under surfaceof the. member, and said spring being undercom- `pressionfand the point of the sear member being in position' for immediate and direct movement by said spring forengagement with the searengaging face of the bolt member whensaid nember is Imoved to said retracted position.

6. In a firearm, in combination with a fra-me, and with a bolt-mechanism comprisf ing a boltvmembe'r movable rearwardly. by explosion of the cartridge of the firearm and movable forwardly by spring means to a retracted position and provided with a searf engagin face, a frame wall, avsear-member provide with a point for'engaging said face to retain the`.bolt-member in said retracted position when the bolt-member is mved forwardly 'and provided with a hook and provided with a slot, a guide-pin engaging in said slot for supporting the -searmember and permittin rearward amt-up? ward and forward and ownward movement of the scar-member,v a spring sup ortedand carried by the sear member an engaging said frame-wall for movin the scar-member rearwardly and upwardly to engage the point thereof with said engaging face of the bolt-member, and a trigger device cmprisingatri rarman co pnsinga ypas device of a legdr pivoted to said trigger arm provided at one end with a hook for engaging saidhook of the .scar-member Said'lever e ging at the other jend thereo a movement- At face. g

7. In a firearm, incombination with a frame, andiwith'a bolt-mechanism comprising a bolt member movable rearwardly bya explosion of the cartridgeof the firearm and movable forwardly by springvmeans to a retracted position and provided with a sear engaging face 'a frame wall, a sear-member bolt-member is moved forwardly and provided with a hook and 4provided with a slot,

a guide-pin engaging l1n said slot for supporting the saar-member and permittin .rearward and upward and forward an downward movement of the Sear-member, a lspring supported and carried by thesear member and engaging said frame-wall for moving the Sear-member rearwardly and upwardly to engage the point thereof with said engaglng-face of the bolt-member, and a trigger vice comprising a trigger arm and comprising ahy-pass device 'consisting of a lever pivoted to said triggelr armbeliaving aeverv ing prof s ring-engaging arm sal l vlided at one end witll a hook for engaging said hook. of the Sear-member, said lever at l0 the other end thereof engaging a 'movementlimiting face, 'and a `spr1ng engaging saldarnrof the leven for o ratlng the trigger and fornormally holdmg the end of said lever` against said vmovement-limitmg face.

JOHN D. PEDERSEN.

Witnesses: t H. D. Pmmnr, i

G. J. Bam'm. Y n i

Images